Abstract This paper deals with the issue of piracy and open markets in the music industry. It addresses problems such as the website "Napster" where people can download music for free and other gray areas that affect the music industry. It examines how these loopholes impact the industry economically and professionally.
From the Paper "Record label executives speak of the importance of paying artists for their work, allowing them to compete for the dividends of their labor by seeing whose promotion and artistry can sell the most records. The so-called free market of capitalistic music-making is supposed to ensure the best artistry and creativity available. After all, according to record executives, if musicians are not being paid sufficiently for their work, then they won?t want to make music at all: ?It is crucial that the artists who produce the music are not taken advantage of. That's not fair and it will hurt our creative future.? Meanwhile, young, tech-savvy listeners are beginning to have a completely different definition of a free marketplace of ideas and art. According to many online music enthusiasts, the definition of "free" should be closer to the vernacular -- a marketplace devoid of currency or capital exchange, based on the open and price-less exchange of ideas, music, and art. It's not that most fans have any objection to supporting their favorite musicians; according to most free-music advocates, they simply feel that such support is not inconsistent with freely distributing copies of individual pieces of music in a digital format."
Abstract This essay argues that Ernest Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises" is anti-Semitic in terms of its treatment of the character Robert Cohn. Cohn is painted in a negative light and none of the characters like him. Cohn is the anti-hero, yet he has Jewishness intentionally imposed upon him. In this respect, "The Sun Also Rises" involves anti-Semitism.
Abstract The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.
From the Paper "Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."
Abstract This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper "In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
Abstract This paper discusses how in terms of ideologies, actions, and goals that exist, or should exist in order for the anti-globalization movement to develop into a successful global social movement, there is general agreement that there must be a greater emphasis on social and political issues such as gender equality, and economic issues such as product music and entertainment product copyright protection. The paper further discusses that these are only two of a multitude of important issues that need to be addressed, but they reflect the anti-globalization movement's fundamental goal of protecting the social, political, and economic rights of individuals, groups, and societies as globalization expands. For example, globalization has presented many challenges and opportunities for the transnational women's movement.
A discussion on the way that the punk subculture re-emerged in recent years in response to the rise of the far right in Switzerland and as part of the international anti-fascist and anti-globalization movements.
Abstract The paper focuses on the evolution of punk and its mutation into the more politically charged anarcho-punk movement and explores the violent side of the extreme left - both as an international force and in particular in Switzerland. The paper then discusses the Bern-based Antifa Switzerland group and explores the motivations of the Black Bloc anarchists. The paper highlights the use of violence in the anti-fascist movement and the connection between today's violent anarcho-punks with the ideals of the original punk movement. Several photographs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Punk's First Wave
Punk Arrives in Switzerland
Switzerland, Anarcho-Punk, and Post-war Politics in the 21st Century
Conclusion
From the Paper "The media, however, interpreted the punks' image, music, and reckless behavior as a real threat to the status quo. This culminated in December of 1976 when the Sex Pistols and members of the Bromley Contingent appeared on the Bill Grundy television show in England. At the time of this momentous event, punk was still in its early stages. The public-at-large had little way of knowing about punk at the time. What they saw was a group of extravagantly dressed young people, visibly intoxicated, who took relish in using offensive words and insulting the host of the program in a manner that went way beyond the accepted morals of the time. The Bill Grundy episode would spiral the fledgling youth subculture into the wider cultural spotlight. At that point, punk was no longer a tiny subculture, but a mass media spectacle that would shock the conservative British public and inspire similar-minded youth all over the world."
Argues that over-prescribing anti-depressants world-wide could prevent rape survivors from seeking and receiving treatment for depression and other mental health diseases.
Abstract This paper contends that the skyrocketing number of prescriptions for anti-depressants recently has caused some to worry that patients, such as rape victims, who could benefit from the addition of medication in their recovery, might not be able to get the much-needed medicine.
From the Paper "The recent FDA decision regarding SSRI's (Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors) has caused the medical community to scale down anti-depressant prescriptions in recent months. This project in intended to shed light on the growing problem of over-prescribing anti-depressants and the effects that ultimately could prevent rape survivors from receiving the much needed medications they need for recovery."
Abstract This paper considers three different aspects of the technology and political marketplace that have negatively affected Latin American music sales and, in particular, the effect that pirated music is having on the industry. The paper then looks at the future of Latin American popular music and the Latin American recording industry and presents solutions and recommendations to rebuild, improve, and expand the Latin American industry.
The Future of Latin American Popular Music
The Future of The Latin American Recording Industry
Reconstructing the Industry
Music Delivery
AntiPiracy Efforts
From the Paper "However, in the music industry, the creation of the internet and the capabilities to deliver individual songs digitally and globally has changed that perspective as well. The creation of a global economy and improved communication systems has facilitated the worldwide dissemination of mass culture. Specifically, trends in Latin America are now becoming part of the Latino population in the central and North American regions. Hence, the market for Latin American music, and the path toward improving the profitability of the Latin American music industry should also consider the North American markets a part of their potential customer base."
Abstract This paper examines piracy as it was perceived in colonial New England. It specifically examines the interaction between Puritans and pirates and provides a history of piracy in the colonies. It then looks at the conceptual difference between "piracy" and "privateering." The paper
examines the sudden Puritan objections to piracy circa 1700 (even though it had made the colonies very wealthy).
Table of Contents:
Hardened In Their Sin
Pursued By Evil
The Death of Piracy
From the Paper "Piracy must be considered one of the world's oldest professions. Ever since civilizations have settled near coastlines, building ships to move goods and find cultures foreign to their own, there have been men (and women) desperate enough to take to the sea to become pursuers of great fortune. The colonies of North America are not an exception. They had their share of pirates as well, the most infamous becoming revered legends, while the less prosperous found their way to the back pages of the first colonial newspapers, mentioned as having merely died by the noose with little pomp or fanfare. The matter-of-fact nature of colonial writings towards piracy makes it clear that the practice was widespread, as common as any bank robbery or mugging might be considered today. That does not mean, however, that colonists were willing to accept the actions of pirates without retribution."
Abstract This paper examines and analyzes Jack Bishop's book about piracy in the music industry. The paper explains that Bishop's book, "Who are the Pirates? The Politics of Piracy, Poverty, and Greed in a Globalized Music Market", tells us what piracy is, how it affects music artists and whether it hurts record companies. The paper also examines Bishop's discussion on why it was inevitable that piracy would become a problem in the music industry.
From the Paper "What is piracy? How does it affect music artists? Does it hurt record companies? Jack Bishop in "Who Are the Pirates? The Politics of Piracy, Poverty, and Greed in a Globalized Music Market" discuses these questions and why record companies such as Sony, BMG, and Warner are already taking advantage of the consumer so naturally piracy is going to be a problem. Many people in foreign countries cannot afford to pay $15.00 or more for a CD of their favorite recording artist. Jack Bishop discusses how piracy is a problem in many countries and how it will continue to be a serious problem due to the tactics that record companies use in charging high prices. Bishop shows how most of..."
Abstract The problem of piracy has begun to escalate in recent years. In modern times, this is a problem that is frequently conducted by organized crime or even governments, using sophisticated modern equipment. It is a very serious problem, as lives and livelihoods are frequently lost, at the hands of utterly callous criminals. This paper discusses the escalation in the number of acts of piracy and the effect it has on its victims. The paper also looks at how criminals are using modern technology and equipment to commit acts of piracy and how the international nature of the crime makes it more difficult to bring the problem under control.
From the Paper "The problem of piracy has begun to escalate in recent years. In modern times, this is a problem that is frequently conducted by organized crime or even governments, using sophisticated modern equipment. It is a very serious problem, as lives and livelihoods are frequently lost, at the hands of utterly callous criminals. As it is by definition a crime that takes place in international territory, it is an international crime. (Pike) This means that the crisis needs to be addressed by the international community - making it all the more challenging and complex to bring the situation under control."
Abstract An analysis of software piracy from an economic point of view. The paper provides charts of losses incurred by software companies due to piracy and domestic copying. It also looks at the ethical problems of software piracy.
From the Paper "Software is a term that is essentially synonymous with computer programs. Software is simply a set of instructions that cause the hardware (the physical machines that we see on the top of our desks) to do the things that we want them to do. Anyone with any amount of experience in dealing with computers knows that software comes in an almost uncountable variety of different types of programs. The two major types of programs are operating systems, which control the basic workings of a computer, and application software, which addresses the innumerable multitude of specific tasks for which people use computers, from classifying recipes to playing Tomb Raider. While system software often handles essential (but to the average user invisible and actually pretty dull) electronic chores such as maintaining disk files and managing the screen) application software performs word processing, manages databases ? and allows people like me to play really cool games. System software is less subject to piracy than is application software for at least two separate reasons (www.msnbc.com). The first is that nearly every computer today (at least those sold in the First World) come complete with systems software that is up-to-the-minute so there is simply no reason to copy it from someone else."
Abstract This paper examines the issue of software piracy and its promethean aspects. It examines the history of software piracy and looks at how widespread the problem has grown. The paper then evaluates the arguments both for and against software piracy, paying special attention to their techniques for dealing with the problem. Finally, the paper proposes common ground solutions where those on both sides of the issue can compromise.
From the Paper "Sara Baase likens computers to the Prometheus? gift of fire, full of both promise and peril (Baase 1996). Perhaps no issue illustrates this point more than the current debate over software piracy. Advocates for copyright protection see the widespread piracy as a bane for the development of new computer technology. The other camp views piracy as a victimless crime, one that allows the poor and disenfranchised access to prohibitively-priced technology.
According to the American Software Publishers Association, software piracy is the unauthorized duplication of computer software (Traphagan and Griffith, 1998). This duplication can be done with ease on any computer with no special equipment necessary, in the privacy of one's home. These factors combine to make the duplication of computer software virtually impossible to regulate."
Abstract This paper presents an examination of music piracy on the internet. The writer explores the various views on its occurrence and what is being done to stop it. The writer also discusses the affects piracy has on the United States music industry including what various artists have been saying about its occurrence. The examination focuses on the affect the Internet is having on the piracy industry in the music field.
From the Paper "The technological explosion of the last few decades has taken mankind to heights it never dreamed possible. Today, with the click of a mouse one can trade stocks, plan vacations and purchase the fares, chat with others around the world, play online games, research any topic they choose and many other things. The world of technology and the advent of the Internet have expanded the ability of knowledge, and self help beyond anything in history has done. It is an exciting time for those who use it and it is something that continues to improve with each passing year. The internet has opened doors that used to be only dreamed of, but the enlightenment the Internet provides comes with a price. Because it is so new to the world there are several areas of legal issue that have not been decided and are currently under fire. One of the most controversial topics of the internet debate is that of ownership. When one puts an idea out on the net who owns it? This question has created tension and turmoil in many fields including literature, litigation and music. Music has long since been at the forefront of controversy when it comes to the internet and its abilities because of the ease with which it allows in music piracy. Front page news accounts detail the rise and fall of companies such as Napster and others that made a huge profit on the willingness of consumers to commit music piracy. Music piracy on the internet has become a multi-million dollar venture and the artists, their agents and the attorneys they hire are constantly working to shut down its existence."
Abstract This paper examines how piracy was endemic throughout the Mediterranean and how it affected all who dared put to sea, whether in actual plundering and raids or just in the fear of attack. It looks at how such sea-goers were predominantly merchants and traders and thus the mercantile health of the Mediterranean suffered at the hands of these privateers and corsairs. It explores the impact of piracy on the social habits of the mediterranean people including the settlement patterns dictated by piracy, the effect and influence on trade as well as the impact, nature and density of piratic activity in the 16th century Mediterranean world.
From the Paper "The impact of piracy on 16th century trade cannot be ignored. The wealth of resources circulating the Mediterranean made privateering ?"the land of opportunity"? . Such resources included gold, silk, spices and crucially, grain. Braudel describes piracy as ?"eating the food of others in order to remain strong"? suggesting a sense of both dependence and subsistence, which in turn perhaps helps explain a motive behind the incessant targeting of merchant vessels. In the second half of the 16th century over one hundred and fifty trading craft were captured and plundered each year. The capturing of such vessels and their cargoes would result in shortages elsewhere in the Mediterranean and where the concerned cargo was grain the impacts were particularly significant."
