Abstract
This paper discusses colonialism and anti-colonial nationalism in India and describes some of the features and processes inherent therein.

From the Paper
"Colonialism and anti-colonial nationalism in India were the result of historical processes that pre-existed. Prior to colonialism Indiafound itself in a state of anarchy, lawlessness and arbitrary despotism, which as Chatterjee points out was a central element in the ideological justification of British colonial rule. The British, from their Western perspective, deemed Indian social customs degenerate and barbaric, a view that prompted them to undertake colonialism as a civilizing mission. (Chatterjee) Abhorring the long list of atrocities perpetrated on Indian..."

Tags:colonialism, anti-colonial, nationalism, India, British

Abstract
This paper examines the development of nationalism in modern China, from the Han response to the Qing government to anti-imperialist agitation and republicanism under the guidance of Sun Yatsen. It looks briefly at the New Culture Movement and the role of secret societies such as the Tongmeng hui.

From the paper:

"Nationalism has been a defining ideology in the creation of Modern China, promoted at first by a series of secret societies, and later by both the Guomingdang and the Chinese Communist Party to achieve different ends. It was central to the early student movements, and the May Fourth Movement, and nationalism was the first of Sun Yatsen's Three Principles of the People. In its early stages, Chinese nationalism was based on ethnic and racial identity, and centered on Han identity, however over time the significance of ethnic identity has decreased. Foreign influence in the conceptualization of Chinese nationalism has been problematic to developing a clear understanding of the movement; despite this, nationalism developed in a particularly Chinese manner."

Tags:anti, culture, han, imperialism, manchu, qing, secret, societies, sun, treaties, yatsen

Abstract
This paper addresses the origins of Chinese nationalism in the 20th century, further considering anti-Manchu sentiment, Western influence, apparent poverty and decline towards the 1911 revolution. The absence of a common enemy produced splintering and debate as the Japanese occupation then saw age old dynamics return in a Communist movement supported for its sheer effectiveness and cultivated charisma. Commentary on how different groups were affected by each ideology or change.

From the Paper
"Chinese nationalism, in retrospect, developed piecemeal, and largely in reaction to circumstances as accelerated in their gravity en route to the mid-20^th century's Communist revolution of 1949 and beyond. When one examples various developments once sees the immense problems and room for the derailment of any movement in the reality of a China whose tiny educated elite could not predict the responses of the masses that remained even centuries behind them in low expectations, illiteracy, much experience of deprivation and abuse, a fourth-class citizenship..."

Tags:nationalism, china, ideology

Abstract
This paper traces the growth of aggressive nationalism from the catalyst of the unification of the German at Versailles in 1871, to the emergence in the mid-19th century of liberal nationalism and to the expansionist ideas of Weltpolitk in the late 19th century. Next, the author relates the growth of anti-Semitism starting with the 1873 depression with propaganda featuring the stereotypical ideas of Jewish money-grabbers, the Volkish movement that led to the exclusion of certain races and religions particularly the Jews and the 1891formation of Pan German League, an ultra-nationalist group focused on imperialism, anti-Semitism and the 'Polish question'. The paper underscores that, during this time Germany could be considered a fairly liberal country as compared to France and Russia, which were more obvious hotbeds of anti-Semitism.

From the Paper
"There were many strong factors which prohibited the formation of this and which provided resistance to the formation of this German national spirit. The lateness of the industrial revolution in Germany and a lack of a revolution from the Middle classes (1848-49) only served to add to the already visible regional disparities by stunting the ability for the nation to progress naturally.
"Despite these factors, it can be argued that the seed of a German nationalism which would be recognisable today was planted by the hegemony of the French empire under Napoleon between 1804 and 1814. As occurs so often in history, the disastrous events of this period gave the people a common enemy in which to unite against and therefore for the first time created common ground between German Prince and peasant alike. This spirit of widespread togetherness would remain long after the banishment of Napoleon and would eventually develop into the strong German nationalism we see today. The unity wasn't limited to merely a patriotic Zeitgeist, but was actually manifested in policy, an example being the Zollverein, and institution which led to greatly improved economical unity and which also allowed the great German industrial valleys to be born.
"One form of nationalism to emerge in the mid-19th century was that of liberal nationalism which focused on the achievement of individual liberty of the people."

Tags:middle-classes, regional disparities, volkish movement, social darwinism, colonial empire

Abstract
The paper examines the meaning of nationalism in the context of Joseph Goebbels' Nazi propaganda pamphlets. The paper claims it is evident that the form of nationalism he was promoting was a synthesis of nationalism and anti-Semitism. The paper explains that this was not a Nazi invention, for nationalist sentiments and attitudes in Europe had been conditioned for centuries by anti-Semitism. Hitler, Goebbels, and the Nazis simply synthesized endemic European anti-Semitism and combined it with their ideology of a pure Aryan master race in order to unify the German people behind the Nazi Party.

Tags:nazi, propaganda, pamphlets

Abstract
This paper explains that the Financial Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF) was formed by the G-7 nations as an intergovernmental task force to examine money laundering trends, techniques and past AML actions and to develop new, more effective measures for implementation into anti-money laundering (AML) systems. The author points out that, although Switzerland and the U.K. have developed intricate AML systems as describe in this paper, the U.S.'s enforcement oriented AML system is the international leader. The paper recommends that AML systems could be strengthened by investigating and prosecuting money laundering activity in connection with every criminal offense, which is often associated with money laundering, such as terrorism, corruption and tax evasion This paper includes tables and graphs.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Definition of Money Laundering
Trends in Money Laundering
Anti-Money Laundering Systems: International Standards
History of the Development of Anti-Money Laundering Systems
Anti-Money Laundering Systems: The United Kingdom
Anti-Money Laundering Systems: Switzerland
The Future of Money Laundering and Anti-Money Laundering Systems
Switzerland vs. the U.K.: How Effective are Their AML Systems?
Appendix 1: Country Page - Switzerland, IBA Anti-Money Laundering Forum
Appendix 2: Country Page - the United Kingdom, IBA Anti-Money Laundering Forum
Appendix 3: FATF - The Forty Recommendations

From the Paper
"It is important to understand past trends in methods for money laundering in order to predict and prevent the development of future methods. This is gained through an in-depth understanding of the prevalence and evolution of money laundering methods and their current and emerging trends. The identification of trends ensures that money laundering methods are understood and that action is taken to comprehend other key factors involved, such as context. Through its typologies effort, the FATF emphasized the identification and description of money laundering trends both at the worldwide level and on a more systematic basis."

Tags:terrorism, enforcement, solidarity, conviction, standards

Abstract
This paper outlines the origins of the American presence in Korea and discusses whether there is still a motivation for the Americans to be there. It looks at how the two Koreas seem closer than ever to signing a peace treaty and perhaps even move towards reunification. It examines how the North Korean threat, especially as a nuclear force, shows that American deployment seems more than justified, if only as a possible threat towards the Northern Korea. It also explores the growing resentment towards Americans by the Korean people and their growing sense of nationalism.

From the Paper
"However, an inspired move by General Douglas Mac Arthur, who ordered an invasion in the North Korean territory, around the city of Inchon, reversed the course of the war and drove the North Koreans all the way back to the Yalu River. This proved to be a mistake, for China, who feared an American invasion of its territory, entered the war against the United Nation armies. Even if Soviet assistance was feared, this was only in the form of some MIG 15s in Chinese colors that helped gain air superiority for the Communists. The Chinese pushed the Allied troops back to the 38th parallel, former border between Communist North Korea and the Southern part of the peninsula."

Tags:north, south, nuclear, communism, race

Abstract
This paper discusses the rise of anti-Americanism in recent years. The author demonstrates that while these anti-Americanism feelings are not entirely new, events in the last two decades, such as the collapse of the World Trade Center, the invasion of Afghanistan and the Abu Ghraib Prison scandal, amongst others, have lead to the rise of anti-American feelings. The reputation of America as a unilateral and power hungry nation has also been reinforced abroad through events such as these. The paper examines the prevailing causes to this rising tide of anti-Americanism and tries to find out if a proper course of correction can be determined.

Ouline:
The Issue - How Should the U.S Deal with rising anti-Americanism
Background
What Policy Options Do We Have
Prognosis for the Future

From the Paper
" The collapse of the World Trade Center, the invasion of Afghanistan, the extended terms of detention at Guaantonimao Bay, the American Lead toppling of the Iraqi regime, and the Abu Grade Prison scandal. Each of these events has left a far-reaching impact on the persona of the United States abroad. The course of action that followed the events of September 11, 2001 was a continuation down the road of American power and unilateralism. The after effects of these actions have left a serious rift in Alliances between some of America's oldest and greatest allies and cast a dark shadow over America's image across the globe."

Tags:foreign relations, unilateralism politics

Abstract
This research discusses anti-terrorism policies and the manner in which they influence the nation and the world. Anti-terrorism is defined as defensive procedures used to decrease the susceptibility of citizens and property to terrorist attacks. In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, the U.S.A. was forced to deal with the threat of terrorism in a completely new light. For this reason, lawmakers devised a set of laws know as the Patriot Act. The research in this paper suggests that the Patriot Act is the main bill that deals with the issue of anti-terrorism in the United States. Though an anti-terrorism bill is necessary, the research indicates that the details of the Patriot Act are problematic. The issues that are problematic and even unconstitutional include: The government's ability to detain those that are believed to be terrorists without any due process, the right of the government to eavesdrop using roving wiretaps, reductions in judicial oversight and the role of congress. The paper argues that all of these issues are pertinent to American citizens and may prove to undermine the administration's efforts to mount a defense against acts of terrorism.
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Findings
Conclusion

From the Paper
"According to an article entitled "The War Power and Its Limits", several aspects of the current antiterrorism policies are questionable. Kassop (2003) explains that in addition to abandoning the aforementioned judicial oversight, the antiterrorism policies of the Bush Administration also "created a blurring of distinctions between military action and law enforcement, along with a resultant uncertainty as to which set of standards applies in certain circumstances (Kassop 2003)." In addition, Kassop (2003) asserts that the antiterrorism policies have a disregard for congress. The author contends that the antiterrorism policies also give law enforcement agencies a tremendous amount of authority to monitor all types of activities that were once considered an invasion of privacy(Kassop 2003)."

Tags:anthrax, Bush, CIA, IEEPA

Abstract
This paper analyzes the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign put out by the Office of National Drug Control Policy. It describes the goal and basis of the campaign, as well as its target audiences. The paper looks at the strategic resources of the campaign and its theoretical basis. The paper then discusses the campaign from a technical point of view and discusses its results.

From the Paper
"While the message was conveyed under the form of news in the papers, it sometimes took the form of an advertorial in magazines. In this way, the target was reached from multiple directions and with an increased frequency. Since framing directs the creation of meaning, the use of various framing techniques underlines the complexity of the campaign.
"Understanding the target audiences influenced the conception of the campaign's content. The texts (the signs) that were written and then transmitted through various media were adapted in their form (use of images, metaphors, tone of voice, etc.) so that they had the capacity to draw the attention of the audience."

Tags:target audience, advertisement, substance abuse