Abstract This paper explains that Lynch Laws and lynching activities lead to the death of tens of hundreds of black men, most of whom were completely innocent. The author points out that Wells used data published by the "Chicago Tribune" showing how many innocent people were lynched each year as a means to make authorities take notice of the atrocities that were being committed under the shelter of Lynch Law. The paper states that the anti-lynching campaign of Ida Wells occupies a very important place in our history because this crusade made people understand the issues connected with racial segregation and discrimination.
From the Paper "She maintained that not all white women were raped; there had been cases in which white women actually had consensual sex with black men, as they liked their company. This was probably the most outrageous comment that anyone had ever made in favor of black men but Wells probably believed in attacking the attackers instead of defending the victims. This attacking approach did work as people started taking notice of the problems associated with Lynch Law. The greatest favor she did to the black race was that she brought forth some ugly incidents of lynching, which most newspapers never published. She presented many such cases in her famous pamphlets now available in book-form titled "Southern Horrors and other writings: The anti-lynching campaign"."
Abstract The history of lynching in the state of Virginia is still surrounded by many misconceptions. Even though is has been decades since the last of the official lynchings took place, it is still difficult to find reliable and accurate information that accurately represents what went on during that period in history. This paper examines the history of lynching in Virginia from around the 1830's till an anti-lynching bill was passed in 1928.
From the Paper "It does appear, however, that the lynching practice did originate in Virginia with Col. Charles Lynch and some of his associates (Brundage, 1993). It is not known whether the activities that took place under this gentleman account for the naming of the town of Lynchburg, Virginia, or not. Even though the practice of lynching originated in that state, Virginia has the lowest rate of all ex-confederate states for lynchings that can be historically verified. Evidence also indicates that lynching in the state of Virginia has not officially existed since the 1920s but it does continue even today in many isolated cases."
Abstract Lynching was certainly the cruelest form of racial segregation and discrimination; mob violence was used as a weapon against black men to crush their spirits. After the Civil War, most black men found themselves in a very ugly situation, as lynch law was frequently against them, which resulted in tens of hundreds of deaths. Ida Wells was one of those few courageous black writers and activists who spoke about the horrors of lynching and started an anti-lynching campaign. The paper studies the causes of lynching and nature of anti-lynching campaign in the light of Wells's three pamphlets, which were later published in a book form titled, "Southern Horrors and Other Writings" by editor Jacqueline Royster.
From the Paper "Lynching refers to use of mob violence against any person with or without a reason. In the days after the Civil War and during the period of Reconstruction, slavery became even more intense than it was ever before. This is because Southerners were now being forced to grant Black Americans their due rights, something that they were absolutely not willing to do. In the days before the Civil War, slavery was prevalent and no one openly objected to it or talked about civil rights of black people. Slaveholders assumed they were superior to their slaves and felt no one could take this right away from them. But as soon as people started discussing civil rights for blacks in public especially the Northerners and some members of the salve community, Southerners became even more austere as they feared loss of their superiority."
Tags: civil, war, slavery, southerners, black, Jacqueline, Royster
Abstract Contends lynching of African-Americans was not just an act of hatred and rage, but at attempt to control behavior. Examines the Deep South as the region of most lynchings and discusses the Ku Klux Klan, the lack of action on the part of the North, and anti-lynching protests.
From the Paper "The history of lynching in the United States ranks as one of the most horrific, shameful episodes in American history. In Lynch Law, the first serious investigation of lynching published in 1905, James E. Cutler states that "lynching is a criminal practice..."
Abstract This paper describes Merrill Lynch and the financial industry. The author points out that Merrill Lynch wants to expand its business similar to the expansion of Citigroup. The paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of Merrill Lynch.
From the Paper "Merrill Lynch, Co. is a major financial services and brokerage firm currently headed by Chief Executive Officer E Stanley O'Neal, whose objectivity in moving his firm forward in a scandal charged industry is well known. New Merrill Lynch O'Neal's goal is to create a financial services colossus that has the breadth of a mega-bank such as Citigroup and the depth and trading capacity of an independent investment bank such as Goldman Sachs, Co.. With a worldwide network of retail offices, Merrill Lynch has ..."
Abstract This paper shows how "Lost Highway" can be seen as a cinematic mixture of the concepts used by Alfred Hitchcock in "Notorious" and "Strangers on a Train". Lynch's original presentation of those concepts shows that Hitchcock's influence did not stifle his own creativity. It explains how "Lost Highway" contains Hitchcock's trademarks, such as the wrong man theme and doubles. It also shows Hitchcock's directorial influence on David Lynch and the use of symbols by both directors. The examples provided are backed up by film quotes, music references, and quotes from a notable book on Hitchcock, Donald Spoto's "The Art of Alfred Hitchcock".
From the Paper "There are some directors that make great movies, and then, there are some directors who create amazing lasting cinema features. The latter do not only achieve fame in their lifetime, but are often immortalized by their own pieces as well as by the imitation of their styles and ideas. This imitation is, of course, not just a reproduction of what the original director did. The imitation, when done correctly, becomes another great piece of cinema unto itself; one such imitation is David Lynch's Lost Highway. Although Lost Highway can be seen as a cinematic mixture of the concepts used by Alfred Hitchcock in Notorious and Strangers on the Train, Lynch's original presentation of those concepts shows that Hitchcock's influence did not stifle his own creativity."
Abstract This essay argues that Ernest Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises" is anti-Semitic in terms of its treatment of the character Robert Cohn. Cohn is painted in a negative light and none of the characters like him. Cohn is the anti-hero, yet he has Jewishness intentionally imposed upon him. In this respect, "The Sun Also Rises" involves anti-Semitism.
Abstract The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.
From the Paper "Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."
Abstract This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper "In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
Abstract This paper discusses how in terms of ideologies, actions, and goals that exist, or should exist in order for the anti-globalization movement to develop into a successful global social movement, there is general agreement that there must be a greater emphasis on social and political issues such as gender equality, and economic issues such as product music and entertainment product copyright protection. The paper further discusses that these are only two of a multitude of important issues that need to be addressed, but they reflect the anti-globalization movement's fundamental goal of protecting the social, political, and economic rights of individuals, groups, and societies as globalization expands. For example, globalization has presented many challenges and opportunities for the transnational women's movement.
A discussion on the way that the punk subculture re-emerged in recent years in response to the rise of the far right in Switzerland and as part of the international anti-fascist and anti-globalization movements.
Abstract The paper focuses on the evolution of punk and its mutation into the more politically charged anarcho-punk movement and explores the violent side of the extreme left - both as an international force and in particular in Switzerland. The paper then discusses the Bern-based Antifa Switzerland group and explores the motivations of the Black Bloc anarchists. The paper highlights the use of violence in the anti-fascist movement and the connection between today's violent anarcho-punks with the ideals of the original punk movement. Several photographs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Punk's First Wave
Punk Arrives in Switzerland
Switzerland, Anarcho-Punk, and Post-war Politics in the 21st Century
Conclusion
From the Paper "The media, however, interpreted the punks' image, music, and reckless behavior as a real threat to the status quo. This culminated in December of 1976 when the Sex Pistols and members of the Bromley Contingent appeared on the Bill Grundy television show in England. At the time of this momentous event, punk was still in its early stages. The public-at-large had little way of knowing about punk at the time. What they saw was a group of extravagantly dressed young people, visibly intoxicated, who took relish in using offensive words and insulting the host of the program in a manner that went way beyond the accepted morals of the time. The Bill Grundy episode would spiral the fledgling youth subculture into the wider cultural spotlight. At that point, punk was no longer a tiny subculture, but a mass media spectacle that would shock the conservative British public and inspire similar-minded youth all over the world."
Argues that over-prescribing anti-depressants world-wide could prevent rape survivors from seeking and receiving treatment for depression and other mental health diseases.
Abstract This paper contends that the skyrocketing number of prescriptions for anti-depressants recently has caused some to worry that patients, such as rape victims, who could benefit from the addition of medication in their recovery, might not be able to get the much-needed medicine.
From the Paper "The recent FDA decision regarding SSRI's (Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors) has caused the medical community to scale down anti-depressant prescriptions in recent months. This project in intended to shed light on the growing problem of over-prescribing anti-depressants and the effects that ultimately could prevent rape survivors from receiving the much needed medications they need for recovery."
Abstract This paper analyzes the risks and benefits for a company to go international, using Merrill Lynch as an example. Using the time frame from the 1980s to 2002, the paper examines what kind of market would be suitable for such a strategy and how macroeconomic events can influence a business. The author provides a background study on Merrill Lynch and discusses the rate of change in the international capital market, paying attention to how Merrill Lynch took advantage of this. The paper speaks of the Japanese market in particular, and it's suitability for Merrill Lynch, studying the risks and benefits of their strategy. In closing, the paper analyzes Merrill Lynch's future in Japan. The paper uses MLA style footnotes but does not include a works cited page
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Changes in the international capital markets
Factors that made the Japanese market suitable for Merrill Lynch Benefits and Risks of Merrill Lynch's strategy
The Collapse in Stock Market Values in 2001-2002
Merrill Lynch's future in Japan
From the Paper "Merrill Lynch, starting with the 1980s, expanded internationally, with a dominant presence in London and Tokyo. In the beginning, its international presence was limited to the investment banking side, but starting from 1990s it offered all its services. In 1995, Merrill Lynch purchased Smith New Court, the largest stock brokerage in Great Britain. Later in 1997, it acquired the leading manager of mutual funds in United Kingdom, Mercury."
Tags: asian market, investment strategies, stock market
Abstract The paper discusses the literature about lynching in Virginia. This paper explains that the history of lynching in Virginia is almost entirely a series of misrepresentation and misconceptions; and even today, decades after the last official lynching, it is difficult to find accurate and truthful information regarding this most ignoble tradition. The author continues that nonetheless several items of consensus emerge: Lynching originated in Virginia, Virginia actually historically has the lowest rate of lynching and lynching continues to this day in isolated cases.
From the Paper "The history of lynching in Virginia begins, as mentioned above, with Col. Lynch. He and his comrades, ?responded to unsettled times by making their own rules for confronting Tories and criminal elements...? Due to their distance from formalized courts, these early Americans felt free to form informal courts in the esteemed Col.'s front yard, try, and punish offenders. Contrary to popular misconception, lynching is not and never has been synonymous with hanging. Most early Virginian lynchings consisted of whippings or similar punishments, and in many rural areas, such a definition continued for over a century. In addition, historical lynchings that did result in death were not always hangings either. Lynching tradition does not necessitate hanging by any means. Other popular methods included shooting, torture of various sorts, skinning, burning (alive or dead), beheading, evisceration and other ghastly methods. Regardless of method, ?lynching is a criminal practice which is peculiar to the United States.? "
Abstract This paper explains that the Justice Department, the Senate and the Securities and Exchange Commission conducted investigations into Merrill Lynch's participation in deals to help mask the true financial condition of Enron; Merrill Lynch denied any wrong-doing and said that its dealings with Enron were proper and legal. The author points out that an allegation against Merrill Lynch was the purchase of three barges from Enron; investigators claimed that Merrill Lynch did not buy these barges as a legitimate investment but purchased them to secure future business from Enron. The paper reports that Merrill Lynch said that it is not unusual for employees of brokerage firms to invest in companies that they do business with and that other large brokerage houses have made similar investments.
Table of Contents
Discussion
Nigerian Barge Deal
Departure of Analyst
Other Dealings
From the Paper "The second allegation concerning Merrill Lynch's dealings with Enron concerns the sudden departure of analyst John Olson from the brokerage firm in August, 1998. Mr. Olson was the Merrill Lynch analyst who followed Enron. In 1997, he had downgraded Enron stock to a "neutral" rating. Documents from Merrill Lynch indicate that Andrew Fastow, then Chief Financial Officer for Enron, told Merrill Lynch executives that he was unhappy with Merrill Lynch's poor rating for Enron stock and that as a result, Merrill Lynch would not be allowed to participate in a lucrative Enron stock offering. Sources close to the investigation say that Mr. Olson was then forced to resign. Merrill Lynch denies this charge, and Mr. Olson, now working for another firm, declined to comment."
