Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the role of immigration and anti-immigrant fears in American politics in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The writer looks at the volume and character of immigration and its economic impact. The writer discusses big city machines, Red scare and Palmer raids. Further, the writer examines how immigration became a major factor in American national politics.

From the Paper
"Immigration developed as a major factor in American politics during the late 19th century, due to the large scale of immigration, the new and more diverse origins of the immigrants and the resulting social and economic tensions. Immigration contributed to the growth of big-city political machines and after World War I fear of immigrant radicals triggered the first great Red scare in American national politics. Thus, immigration and the fear of immigration and immigrants played a major role in ... "

Tags:immigration, nativism, palmer, raids, red, scare

Abstract
Behind the recent upswing in anti-immigration activism is an array of groups who work together, with their leaders frequently holding cross memberships in several organizations at once. This paper shows that in the eyes of most of these groups, immigrants (typically, non-white immigrants) are responsible for nearly all the country's problems. From poverty and inner city decay to crime, urban sprawl and environmental degradation, all have been attributed to the immigrants coming from the south. The paper takes a closer look at the group established by John Simcox whose volunteers patrol the borders of Arizona, preventing Mexicans from crossing over. It examines Simcox's idea put forward to the U.S. government - The Minuteman Project, whereby an elite group of patrolmen would block against entry into the U.S. by illegal aliens. The paper looks at the public, media and U.S. administration's reaction to the Project.

From the Paper
"Of course, this led to many more politicians having to add their comments on the issue. Most notably was Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton. On April 21, 2005, she announced the introduction of legislation calling on Michael Chertoff, the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, to appoint a Northern Border Coordinator. The Northern Border Coordinator would be responsible for devising and implementing measures to increase the security of the border between the United States and Canada and the ports of entry located along the border. This person would improve the coordination between the agencies responsible for that security and serve as the primary liaison with state and local governments and law enforcement agencies regarding security along the border between the U.S. and Canada (clinton.senate)."

Tags:smuggling, border, patrol, Civil, Homeland, Defense, immigration

From the Paper
"The "English Only" movement, negative mass attitudes against immigration, bilingual programs in the public schools, welfare reform excluding immigrants, and, most recently, Propositions 187 and 209 in California are all indications that the public is ready for reforms which return greater power into the hands of the white and powered majority. In Texas and California, where the wars are primarily being fought, immigrants are being blamed for social malaise and a general lowering of standards. In those states, the public schools have been a special focus of attention. The following paper will examine civil rights in general, and the "English Only" movement in particular; in addition, Calfornia'a Propositions 187 (the initiative to deny basic social services to undocumented immigrants) and 209 (amends California's state Constitution to forbid racial and gender ..."

Abstract
The paper looks at drug use in America before 1870 and explains how the Chinese immigrants brought over the practice of smoking opium to America. The paper discusses the banning of opium smoking in 1875, and uses this as an example to demonstrate how anti-drug legislation from the late 19th to early 20th centuries in America have been racially targeted towards minorities, both in origin and in intent.

Outline:
Introduction
Pre-1870 Drug Use in America
The Chinese Immigrants
Opium and the "Coolies"
The Opium Ordinance of 1875
The First American 'War on Drugs'
Racially Motivated Anti-Drug Legislation
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Before 1800, opium was readily available to the American public, where users numbered 250,000 in a population base of seventy-six million. Peddled as having "calming and soporific effects", it was frequently used in a wide variety of prescriptions, especially those concerning menstruation and menopause.
"Yet by the 1870s, California policymakers were reviewing the "moral" components of the "vice". It seemed that even though opium use was widespread throughout America regardless of race, politicians were targeting opium dens in Chinatown as "contaminants" to the otherwise Caucasian population. By 1975, San Francisco had banned opium use, with the California legislature following suit in 1881, although the latter law focused solely on opium dens."

Tags:opium, smoking, minorities, Chinese, immigrants

Abstract
Immigration has been on the American national agenda for some time, with many complaining that immigration is out of hand and that limitations on immigration are needed. One issue is whether too many people are coming from certain regions of the world, or whether those who are coming are sufficiently prepared to take their place in the American economic system.

From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION

Immigration has been on the American national agenda for some time, with many complaining that immigration is out of hand and that limitations on immigration are needed. One issue is whether too many people are coming from certain regions of the world, or whether those who are coming are sufficiently prepared to take their place in the American economic system. Internationally, the immigration picture is even more difficult, with many immigrants moving from one place to another to escape war, persecution, and economic devastation. Immigration is usually treated as a political issue, certainly a domestic political issue for the country receiving large numbers of refugees or immigrants, but also as an international political issue because it affects how contiguous countries behave toward one another. Immigration ..."

From the Paper
"At the beginning of the twentieth century, antisemitism was openly espoused everywhere in the Western world, even in the most respectable circles, to a degree that cannot easily be appreciated today. In consequence, Jews throughout Europe and the United States lived in a state of uncertainty, usually "tolerated" but seldom fully accepted. In the course of the following forty years, European and American Jewry would experience radically different fates. Nazi Germany would attempt to exterminate the Jews of Europe, and would succeed in killing some six million of them. At the same time, American Jews would move more nearly into the mainstream of national life than perhaps any other Jewish community in the Western world. The following discussion will compare the dramatically divergent experiences and fates of the Jewish communities in Germany and.."

Abstract
This paper examines Canadian immigration policy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Specifically, the paper addresses why it was unfair to view Canadian immigration policy as wholly racist in nature and how Canadian immigration policy evolved over time. According to the paper, the policy grew progressively harsher in many ways while still ensuring that "desirable" types from China found their way into the land. Finally, the paper explores some of the controversies which compelled politicians at both levels of government to act as they did.

From the Paper
Anti-Chinese Sentiment and Canadian Immigration Policy: "The following paper will look at Canadian immigration policy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Specifically, the paper will look at why it is unfair to view Canadian immigration policy as wholly racist in nature (it certainly had instrumentalist components to it - even for the Chinese) and at how Canadian immigration policy evolved over time - growing progressively harsher in many ways while still ensuring that "desirable" types from China found their way into the land. Finally, the paper will explore some of the controversies which compelled politicians at both levels of government to act as they did. In the final analysis, ..."

Tags:prejudice, discrimination, generation, citizen

Abstract
The paper discusses the factors that have led to the anti immigrant backlash and focuses on the welfare system that offers a safety net for immigrants, and on the fact that immigrants are not becoming Americanized in language and culture. The paper addresses the debates concerning whether immigrants should be allowed to hold dual citizenship and whether Americans are doing enough to ease the transition of new immigrants into our society. The paper argues that we need to be open to immigrants into our country, but with stipulations regarding using English as the official language, and, we cannot continue to merely be an economic crutch for those who want to live here.

From the Paper
"In America today there are nearly 23 million foreign born residents which is about 8.4 percent of the total population. There are about 32 million residents who do not speak English as their primary language. This modern day influx of immigrants is very different from immigration in the past. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the classic story of the American immigrant was that of the tired and the poor, today immigrants are well educated and sometimes wealthy. Lately there has been a trend of more Asians, Latinos and Caribbean immigrants than Irish, Italian, and Eastern Europeans as it had been at the turn of the century."

Tags:citizenship, welfare, social, services, English, Americanization

Abstract
The paper looks at a study by Takei on the anti-immigrant attitude in California, that explores the conditions responsible for the intolerance of foreign-born workers. The paper then discusses a study by Dawson that shows how the apparent assimilation in physicality and dress facilitates higher wages, less discrimination and less stress for female workers, but, having strong cultural ties to the Dominican community also results in stress reduction. The paper highlights the need for a support structure that facilitates the assimilation of immigrants in positive ways.

From the Paper
"Social prejudices become more acceptable because of the public embrace of these policy initiatives, passed by the majority of the state. Interestingly, despite its reputation as a progressive state, California has often been the launching pad of quite socially regressive referendums regarding property taxes, immigration, and marriage reforms. These laws, suggest the authors, create a kind of state culture of popularly validated prejudice against immigrants. Of course, it could be argued that this type of anti-immigrant attitude permeates all of America. The Southwest may merely seem more prejudiced against immigrants because of geographical reasons and its higher population of immigrants."

Tags:California, prejudice, stress, acculturation

Abstract
The paper provides a summary of immigration statistics and history, and explores the dynamics of the current debate on immigration. Emphasis is placed on the divisions produced within the Republican Party, particularly between anti-immigration nativists and pro-immigration business interests. The paper concludes with possible consequences for the 2006 election.

From the Paper
"Illegal immigration, after being a hot-button political issue, appeared to have largely faded from the political issue landscape during the past decade. However, it abruptly re-emerged as a forefront issue. Moreover, instead of dividing the electorate along partisan lines as most political debates have in recent years, illegal immigration has primarily divided Republicans to a degree that significantly threatens their already-uncertain hold on..."

Tags:politics, illegal immigration, republicans, gop