Abstract During the 1950s, after WWII, America was in a period of fear, from communism and conformity. This paper examines how Joseph McCarthy, a Republican Senator from Wisconsin, pushed America's fears to an extreme as a ploy to get re-elected. McCarthy's plan was to make America hate communism as much as he did. The paper explains how Congress immediately started to hunt down the people who were on this supposed list. This period of intense anti-communism, was also known as the (second) Red Scare or McCarthyism, which occurred in the United States from 1948 to about 1956.
From the Paper "Joseph McCarthy was a dirty politician who would do whatever it took to get him a place in office. By holding a piece of paper, and saying that the enemy who everyone feared was so close, McCarthy diminished all thoughts that America was truly safe. The actual piece of paper was blank; McCarthy had no writing on the paper at all. He knew that by telling the people of the United States of America that the enemy was so close, he could finally see a war erected against Communism. Everyone knew about it, but no one ever talked about it. "The first knowledge many American's had of Communism came from Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech" (Matusow, 45). Churchill basically said in his speech that the Soviet Union was pushing forward a global Communist takeover. Churchill also said that he believed, "We should not let such a force loose on the planet" (Matusow, 46). That was the first time many American eyes were opened to Communism, and McCarthy made sure it was not the last. "The entire chaos that Senator McCarthy caused had become collectively known as The Red Scare" (Feuerlicht, 34). McCarthy used this entire Red Scare idea to boost his hopes for re-election. But an elected official is supposed to be a representative of the people. All McCarthy did was abuse his power and pull the wool over the people's eyes. McCarthy did not work for the benefit of the people. He only worked for the benefit of himself."
Abstract This paper examines how on the 25th June 1950, North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel and began their invasion of the south. It looks at how the U.S. was initially able to intervene due to the resolution passed by the United Nations Security Council and how it can be argued that the nature of the U.N. intervention extended beyond the desire to protect a country that was being invaded, but was ideological, based more upon the U.S. feeling of anti-communism.
From the Paper "The Soviet development of the atomic bomb in 1949 heightened the suspicion felt on behalf of the US, believing their weapons monopoly to be over, fearing the military might of communism and Russia. The monopoly had been military and diplomatically valuable to the US, allowing the US to maintain their superiority against the numerically superior Soviet Union. As a result, Truman and the US government were pressurised into undertaking a tougher stance in their dealings with communist advances and developments, and therefore the Korean conflict provided the perfect opportunity to show this, under the legitimacy of the UN."
Abstract The paper looks at the general causes of a war. The paper explains that symptoms are always present before a war breaks out, but it is seldom one reason only that is the root cause of war. The paper shows how World War II was caused by a combination of problems, including anti-Communism, a mob mentality and the desire by some to forcibly rule others.
From the Paper "Since the end of World War II historians have continued to debate the primary cause of the war's beginning. Because of the many different nations that took part in the war and the many areas of interest within that war dinner tables and conference rooms have bandied the possibilities back and forth for years. While there are actually several causes that created the belief for many that war was indeed necessary the primary cause of the war was the desire by some nations to forcibly rule other nations at that time."
Abstract This paper examines how the theory proposed by Geertz in "Religion as a Cultural System," compared to the general belief system of communism, shows that religion and communism have much in common. It looks at how they both rely heavily on symbols to motivate people and provoke emotions and how, socially and psychologically, religion and communism seek to unify people to think and act in conformity with a higher order.
From the Paper "Geertz's approach involves both analyzing the system of meanings embodied within religious symbols and relating these systems to social structures and psychological processes. This second aspect can be described as saying that once people have incorporated these symbolic meanings into their life, they can use them socially and psychologically to further the cause, their own development or to impact the world."
Abstract This paper explains that, as the networks improve and new demands for rapid data transfer rates and multimedia services grow, operators are seeking new cellular communication solutions based on technologies like GSM, 3GSM and CDMA2000 to cater to these requirements. The author points out that the increasing popularity of the GSM equipments globally is driving manufacturers to bring phones to market faster with competitive enhancements, increased the quality of service and reduced costs. The paper relates that CDMA, Code Division Multiple Access, alternatively signifies a more powerful digital air interface standard, equating about eight to fifteen times the capacity of conventional analog cellular systems.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Protocols
Distinctive Features, Services and Implementations of GSM
Distinctive Features, Services and Implementations of 3GSM
Distinctive Features, Services and Implementation of CDMA2000
Conclusion
From the Paper "The CDMA2000 is considered to be a mode of the Radio Access 'Family' of Air interfaces approved by the Operators Harmonization Group for developing and facilitating integration of third generation-3G networks. One objective of such harmonization is to extend unlimited international roaming world wide between the different modes of 3rd Generation CDMA i.e. CDMA2000 and WCDMA. The use of common core technologies by Ericsson enables us to make compatible for the whole family of 3G CDMA modes. The CDMA Systems Ericsson Business Unit established in San Diego is considered to be the premier unit of Ericsson for devising the CDMA2000-compatible 3G infrastructure products. The CDMA 2000 is structured to reduce risks, safeguard investments and to extend significant performance boosts to operators as they extend their networks to offer 3G services. The CDMA2000 networks are also supportive to the CDMA-one applications, safeguarding the investment of operators in CDMA-one based networks and extending simple and cheaper transition to the next generation technology. Besides the CDMA2000 networks also ensures enhancement in the voice quality and voice capacity that is supportive for high speed and multimedia data services."
Abstract This essay argues that Ernest Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises" is anti-Semitic in terms of its treatment of the character Robert Cohn. Cohn is painted in a negative light and none of the characters like him. Cohn is the anti-hero, yet he has Jewishness intentionally imposed upon him. In this respect, "The Sun Also Rises" involves anti-Semitism.
Abstract The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.
From the Paper "Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."
Abstract This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper "In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
Abstract This paper discusses how in terms of ideologies, actions, and goals that exist, or should exist in order for the anti-globalization movement to develop into a successful global social movement, there is general agreement that there must be a greater emphasis on social and political issues such as gender equality, and economic issues such as product music and entertainment product copyright protection. The paper further discusses that these are only two of a multitude of important issues that need to be addressed, but they reflect the anti-globalization movement's fundamental goal of protecting the social, political, and economic rights of individuals, groups, and societies as globalization expands. For example, globalization has presented many challenges and opportunities for the transnational women's movement.
A discussion on the way that the punk subculture re-emerged in recent years in response to the rise of the far right in Switzerland and as part of the international anti-fascist and anti-globalization movements.
Abstract The paper focuses on the evolution of punk and its mutation into the more politically charged anarcho-punk movement and explores the violent side of the extreme left - both as an international force and in particular in Switzerland. The paper then discusses the Bern-based Antifa Switzerland group and explores the motivations of the Black Bloc anarchists. The paper highlights the use of violence in the anti-fascist movement and the connection between today's violent anarcho-punks with the ideals of the original punk movement. Several photographs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Punk's First Wave
Punk Arrives in Switzerland
Switzerland, Anarcho-Punk, and Post-war Politics in the 21st Century
Conclusion
From the Paper "The media, however, interpreted the punks' image, music, and reckless behavior as a real threat to the status quo. This culminated in December of 1976 when the Sex Pistols and members of the Bromley Contingent appeared on the Bill Grundy television show in England. At the time of this momentous event, punk was still in its early stages. The public-at-large had little way of knowing about punk at the time. What they saw was a group of extravagantly dressed young people, visibly intoxicated, who took relish in using offensive words and insulting the host of the program in a manner that went way beyond the accepted morals of the time. The Bill Grundy episode would spiral the fledgling youth subculture into the wider cultural spotlight. At that point, punk was no longer a tiny subculture, but a mass media spectacle that would shock the conservative British public and inspire similar-minded youth all over the world."
Argues that over-prescribing anti-depressants world-wide could prevent rape survivors from seeking and receiving treatment for depression and other mental health diseases.
Abstract This paper contends that the skyrocketing number of prescriptions for anti-depressants recently has caused some to worry that patients, such as rape victims, who could benefit from the addition of medication in their recovery, might not be able to get the much-needed medicine.
From the Paper "The recent FDA decision regarding SSRI's (Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors) has caused the medical community to scale down anti-depressant prescriptions in recent months. This project in intended to shed light on the growing problem of over-prescribing anti-depressants and the effects that ultimately could prevent rape survivors from receiving the much needed medications they need for recovery."
Abstract This research paper investigates the impact of e-communities. It defines what an e-community is and how a virtual community differs from a "real" community. It also looks at the ways in which virtual and "real" communities are similar. The paper then provides some examples of and specific characteristics of e-communities and looks at some of the dangers and mis-communications in regard to e-communities. The paper contains charts and figures.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Abbreviations
I. Introduction: The "Dawn" of E-communities Virtual or E-Communities Hypothesis
Research Questions
An E-Community Consists of . . .
Aims and Objectives
Scope of Study
Following Chapters
II. Literature Review: The Community in E-Communities "Being" a Member of an E-community E-community Components
Examples of E-Communities Concerns & Dangers involved in E-communities Potential Benefits of E-communities Emerging E-communities Communication: Central to Community Life
Dating E-communities E-community Chat Rooms
III. Methodology: Making "Sense" of E-Communities Representing Communities Explanation of Approach
Questionnaire Answers
Investigation Factors
IV. Analysis: Estimations of E-Communities' Impact
Composites Clarified
E-communities Depicted
The Battle for the Hearts and Minds
Top 10 E-communities Family Depiction
Data and Charts
V. Summary: Consensus of E-Communities Contributions
E-Community Reflections
Summary
Aims and Objectives
Discussion
Limitations and Recommendations
For Further Consideration
On and Off Line
Conclusion Regarding Verdict for Hypothesis
Limitations and Recommendations
For Further Consideration
Appendix
From the Paper "One way eBay nurtures trust is through its reputation system while its success has been attributed to its commitment to developing a sense of community. eBay attracts and retains buyers and sellers to its site by affecting exchanges that are satisfactory to both buyers and sellers. eBay also provides information, learning opportunities, as well as personal development pursuits and fun, and relaxation. As e-bay implements specific strategies, along with the particular social psychological framework noted by Scott and Johnson (2005) to be described by Beenan et al. (2004), the e-community ensures individuals' responses are acknowledged, while they may also be recognized and rewarded. In August 2004, the average eBay user remained on the site for one hour and 48 minutes, which in 2040 denoted the longest time duration of any Web site."
Abstract In this paper, the writer focuses on the role of communication within a design team. This includes the objective of exploring how communication plays a role in the creation of total design process management. It is a widely accepted fact that communication facilitates the development process and progress of a team's work. With communication, an exchange of information and ideas is made possible. In this view, this paper generally explores the importance of communication in design team management.
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Background of the Study
II.I The Importance of Communication Within a Design Team
II.II How Communication Affects Team Relationship and Team and Client Relationship
II.III The Total Design Process Management Through Better Communication III. Relevance and Significance of the Study
IV. Objectives of the Study
IV.I Communication IV.II Client
IV.III Leadership
V. Research and Methodology
VI. Review of Literature
VI.I Design as Communication VI.II Communication in Design Teamwork
VI.III Formal and Informal Communication VI.IV Communication and Design
VI.V Client
VI.VI Communicating With Clients
VI.VII Leadership
VII. Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "How many times did we try to do a certain task or activity without having to communicate our ideas, questions, and needs, to those who might have provided us with help to accomplish our tasks faster and easier? How many times did we succeed when we allow our communication open to others? And how many times did we fail when we close our doors to communication? These are some of the questions that can help us in our goal of exploring the role of communication in design management.
Communication is a very important element of our daily living. Whenever we are, whatever we do, communication always plays an important role. There may be different possible methods of communication nowadays, but there is only one general objective why we communicate - that is, to achieve our goal. Whether we are within our daily or usual activities, or at work, we communicate to be able to meet our needs, such as to know the answers to our questions and to share our ideas. These all end up to our need of meeting our goals. For instance, we communicate our uncertainties at work to meet our goal of providing efficient output or services to our clients. Otherwise, if we do not communicate, chances are we may produce the wrong output or an unsatisfactory work performance."
Abstract The writer examines in personal details her views and opinions on gender and communication. The writer explores family relationships as well as the marked differences in intimate communications between friends and family members and the ins and outs of communicating via the internet. The writer of this paper finds that in researching this particular topic, nearly all gender communications bibliographic information was found to be issue specific, resulting in the writer using her own personal experiences as a main source of reference.
Topics covered in this paper include:
Introduction and Thesis
Communications Within the Family Background and Family Structure
Areas of Communications Between Genders
The Mechanics of Intimate Gender Communications Intimate Communications and Friendship
The Internet Trap
Conclusions on Intimate Communication Bibliography
From the Paper "Another area where both genders get into difficulties on the Internet using the World Wide Web are in the "romance or love or lifestyles" sections of many of the major search engines. Here they can categorize themselves as to whatever it is they are looking for and through instant messaging, e-mail or chat-rooms can actually converse with a party on the other end ostensibly searching for the same as you. Be very wary of what information one gives if the urge is overwhelming to use this form of communication for intimacy.
There have been rapes; murders, serial killings and stalking of every manner one can imagine connected with these areas."
Tags: relationship, personal, communication, family
This paper examines the effectiveness of community policing in which police officers and members of the community come together in a collaborative effort to identify and solve the problems of crime, societal disorder and disturbances.
Abstract This paper focuses on the various benefits of adopting a community policing approach. Community policing is considered one of the most effective strategies available to reduce neighborhood crimes, create a sense of security and reduce fear of crimes among the citizens. Combining the efforts of the police department, the members of the community and the local government can help in the accomplishment of all these objectives to develop a healthy and clean society. This paper details the history of community oriented policing (C.O.P) which has become the new model of law enforcement replacing the traditional para-military style of policing. This paper also discusses the various supporters of community policing who firmly believe that this approach has enough potential to serve as a model for remarkable reforms and improvements in the entire system of policing and justice. The writer of this paper also examines the downside to this particular approach of law enforcement. The primary reason for the failure of C.O.P in some situations is the unwillingness of the community members to cooperate with the police officials, the lack of support from the police department itself or the absence of a proper policing system.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Keeping a Balance
A New Model of Policing
History of Community Policing
Supporters of Community Policing
Criticism on C.O.P
Implementation Challenges of COP
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "A number of studies were conducted in order to find out the cause of the problem and to define the solutions for it. Studies revealed that the traditional practice of continuous patrolling and other highly reactive approaches to combat crime has not helped in any way to reduce the crime rate prevailing in the society. These circumstances lead to the recognition on the part of the government that problems relating to crime fighting and the problems relating to the relationship between the police and the community are interrelated. In 1967, the President's commission on Law enforcement and administration of justice proposed that a new kind of police system should be introduced. In the later years this proposal provided the ground for the establishment of a new model for policing. The philosophy being adopted to develop this model was focused on creating a law enforcement system, which tries to bring the police and the general public in close relationships and provides the police department an opportunity to solve the community problems."
