Abstract
In this article, the writer covers the arguments for both sides regarding censorship and utilizes the textbook journal articles to support both sides. An argument against censorship was used, with 3 paragraphs dedicated to anti-censorship and one paragraph for the counterpoint.

From the Paper
"Censorship in the United States has always been a controversial issue in journalism, television and print media. However, the past two decades has witnessed the growing concern of censorship at the high school level. Journalistic censorship in high school, in many states, has been supported by the Supreme Court, stating that educational institutions are accountable for the information released to the students. However, the main issue is not whether or not students are mature enough to handle controversial topics such as HIV, teen pregnancy and rape. It is the importance of maintaining constitutionality and upholding the right to ..."

Tags:censorship, high, school, newspapers

Abstract
A paper which explains how the American Congress has interpreted the First Amendment when deciding on levels of censorship. The paper explores the different issues of what is and what is not defined as freedom of speech. Examples of what is not covered by the First Amendment may be obscenity, "fighting words" and incitement. The paper also discusses how, with the growth of the Internet, the laws should grow with technology and adapt themselves accordingly.

From the Paper
"An area which is not yet completely clear is the subject of Commercial Speech. Deceptive commercial speech can be banned by government, but further regulation of corporations must be taken on a case by case basis. The government can also control speech that is intended and likely to incite lawless action. This also applies in a situation where the speech poses a clear and present danger to the nations security. This is known as "incitement" and was decided in the case of Brandenburg v. Ohio."

Tags:anti-censorship, movements, anti-censorship, movements, Fair, Comment, and, Criticism, Benjamin, Gitlow

Abstract
This essay examines the nature of a patriarchal society while questioning the role pornography plays in maintaining such a society. The basic sociological and gender studies concepts of patriarchal society and the nature of the same are examined, including the treatment and position of women in such a society. For and against arguments pertaining to the nature of pornography and its psychological effects on individuals are examined, exploring the exact way in which pornography reproduces patriarchal attitudes for both men and women. Included as part of this, quotes from pornographic material are featured, as well as quotes from men who have internalized the messages of pornography and become rapists. The tone of the essay leans toward censorship as a possible, although minimal, answer in decreasing patriarchal attitudes toward women.

From the Paper
"Pornography is one of those controversial issues which appear to drive most people to extremes of opinion. Anti-censorship campaigners and anti-pornography campaigners coexist across many movements worldwide " political, religious, media " and all appear to have an investment in the continuation or eradication of pornographic material. However, perhaps the most interesting instance of conflicting stances existing within one movement can be found in feminism. Anti-pornography campaigners within feminism fight for the censorship of pornography, believing it to increase the acceptance of patriarchy, and thus, female oppression within society. Surprisingly, anti-censorship campaigners believe that the censorship of pornography will not overcome the structures within society that reinforce oppressive attitudes toward women. I would disagree, and argue that although such structures " law, language, religion, philosophy " are inherently oppressive of women, the oppression of women cannot be solely located in such structures. Forces which oppress women are everywhere, but they are no where; the oppressors are everyone, yet no one in particular. In this way, every representation which reinforces patriarchal attitudes, every representation which depicts women as objects, as subordinate, dependent or deviant, further serves to enforce female oppression. Quotes similar to those reproduced above should force us to re-evaluate the extent to which cultural expressions influence societal perception and behavior. This essay will examine the way in which pornography operates to reinforce patriarchal attitudes which subsequently marginalize women."

Tags:anti, men, misogyny, patriarchy, pornography, rape, women

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that reactions to Dixie Chicks anti-war sentiments is proof that American freedom and Constitution-protected free speech is being squandered and illustrates how government dissent is becoming criminal. The writer maintains however, that the blame for the nation's censorship cannot be solely placed on the public, but lies deeper in society, in fundamental liberty protectors, and in government. The writer notes that the constitutional protection of free speech, freedom of press, freedom from government seizures without cause, freedom of association - all basic rights that the nation's founding fathers view as non-negotiable necessities to fight the evils of a police state - are under attack. The writer points out that the feeling of nationwide fear coupled with oppressive government tactics, notably the Patriot Act, has divided our country into two opposing groups and suppressed the anti-war side.

From the Paper
"Now police and other law officials are allowed to investigate and arrest citizens without worrying about warrant. It allows police to act on their instinct and question anyone who they think may have connections to domestic terrorism without requiring a sanction from the courts. This is a huge disruption in the checks and balances system, where it eliminates the need for the court of law for authorization. This was a major blow to our civil liberties - depriving us of due process of law and freedom of speech among other freedoms.
"The biggest catalyst in political division is actually a secondary reactant, not directly from the government as the Patriot Act, but instead influenced by the government. It is the new patriotism spawned out of warped feelings of mandatory allegiance and national hysteria and fear following September 11th. The mindset has been established that those who are pro-America are good and those who are pro-Iraq are bad but those who are anti-war are bad as well. You cannot be in the middle you must take a side. Neutralism is the enemy."

Tags:President, Bush, terrorists, Iraq, liberty

Abstract
This paper defines the timeline of anti-war activism during the Vietnam War era by examining government documents, media reports, and historical accounts. The paper concludes that the My Lai Massacre marked the turning point of American support for the war in Vietnam.

From the Paper
"During the early years of the Vietnam War, the American public was inundated with positive reports of U.S. progress and victories. Reporters typically relied only on "official handouts for their stories" and were accused of "taking pains to avoid offending anyone at the White House." (Murrin) When, for example, Associated Press (AP) reporter Peter Arnett reported the attack on Snoul by the U.S. 11th Armored, American editors declined to publish his accounts of the looting that followed, although international media outlets quickly ran the full story. AP general manager Wes Gallagher later said he chose to "cut inflammatory stories in view of the turmoil erupting in the United States." (Hammond) Gallagher was not alone in his decision to censor Vietnam reports. "

Tags:activists, censorship, media, military, nixon

Abstract
This paper examines how research studies have indicated a close link between violent, aggressive and anti-social behavior of children and television. It contends that media plays a vital role in building and shaping the personality of a child and in reinforcing stereotypes in sexes. It also discusses how program ratings devised for parenting control are too lenient which makes it impossible for the parents to protect their children from ill-effects of media. Children imitate what they see on the television and eventually learn to resolve issues through confrontations, instead of peaceful and non-violent ways.

From the Paper
"In today's world, electronic media is the most powerful tool in configuring human thought process. It can be employed for broadening the horizons or it can be used to pollute the innocent minds. It's effects on children are devastating. A child's mind is like a clean slate and it constantly keeps recording every image and every sound it encounters. It keeps on building concepts of spending life through these images. Children minds can not analyze at their own. They can not differentiate between a good and a bad thing unless these are shown or explained with obvious outcome of the actions. Moreover, children mind are very fragile. Their imaginations can be easily transported to new dimensions. "

Tags:ratings, parents, censorship, violence, behavior

Abstract
This paper is about the Weimar Republic of Germany, Nazism, oppression, censorship, and the arts. It looks at pro-Nazi artists, anti-Nazi artists, and artwork that was banned during the Nazi regime of Germany. Specific works are highlighted to demonstrate what censorship meant during the Weimar Republic of Germany and how it was handled.

From the Paper
"When talking about people's response to what was happening in the changing society of Germany, one can't ignore the fact that people supported Hitler and the Third Reich. Just as some artists rebelled against the artistic norm and became part of the Dada movement, some went on to support Hitler and presented Germany with works of art that idolized the utopian society and everything that Hitler had fought for. Propaganda in Nazi Germany was running out of control. Propaganda is the art of persuasion. In order to be popular, governmentally in this case, a crowd is needed to be won over."

Tags:communism, hitler, painting, republic, war, weimar

Abstract
This paper discusses Jonathan Spence's "Treason by the Book" and what it imparts of early 18th century China, the importance of traditional anti-Manchu sentiment, censorship and the vagaries of an immense imperial bureaucracy and all else.

From the Paper
"This book can be recommended to readers with or without previous interest in China who will find a fast-moving account of events in the reign of Emperor Yongzheng of the 1720s and 1730s, having to do with the dissident sentiment of Zeng Jing, a quite insignificant teacher in provincial China who like many Chinese since the Qing takeover of 1644 held bitter sentiment about the Manchu rule that replaced the fallen Ming Dynasty. Jonathan D. Spence is a noted historian of China known for scholarly and..."

Tags:treason by the book, spence, review essay

Abstract
This paper discusses pornography and presents views for and against its censorship. The paper argues that, while anti-pornography activists have valid concerns regarding pornography's exploitative nature, to censor pornography would be an assault on free speech and the freedom of expression. Therefore, any attempt to curtail pornography would be unconstitutional.

From the Paper
"Currently, material that is considered "obscene" and pornographic is illegal both on the federal level and in over 40 states in the United States. Though it is difficult to create an all-inclusive definition, the United States Supreme Court has drafted three general criteria to determine whether a work or material could be considered pornographic. First, the work must meet the "average person" test. This states that an average person, applying the prevailing community standards, must find that the work as a whole appeals solely to the prurient interests. Second, the work itself should depict sexual behavior in a way that is "patently offensive." Finally, the said work must lack any other serious aesthetic or scientific value (Wein)."

Tags:nudity, pictures, obscene

Abstract
A paper which shows how the people actively involved with the gay rights movement may be highly organized and their objectives legitimate, but they are still considered a threat to traditional family values and "normal" sexual lives of other citizens. The paper discusses how the discovery of the deadly disease AIDS was yet another severe setback for the Gay rights movements, as the disease came to be linked to the gays, so much so, that AIDS was termed as a gay disease. Although the movement for the rights of gays has had its share of successes and failures, it has yet to see the movement converted into state legislation. The paper discusses sexual orientation, the HIV factor and the creation of resource centers and movements.

From the Paper
"One of the achievements in this field was the creation of a resource center called the Office of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual (GLB) Student Support Services, with private funding, by the Indiana University Bloomington. It's principle objective was to serve the community of the university, with detailed information and resources on gays, lesbians, and bisexual issues, as well as offering information, support and referral for lesbian, gays and bisexual individuals. This center also refers students who have been harassed because of their sexual orientation to their GLB Anti-Harassment Team, which then assists the affected individuals, by finding a solution to their situation, and documents the incidents to ward off any future harassment. The benefits which have been highlighted by the opening up of resources centers such as stated above, is the creation of a support culture, which successfully helps those in need and guidance. [4]"

Tags:non-heterosexual, gays, lesbians, Anti-Harassment, Team, Censorship, GLAAD, Ellen, DeGeneres