Abstract
This paper is a research project, which uses anomaly intrusion detection to determine if there are any abnormal patterns and, hence, intrusions in the provided log files. The author stresses that a statistics approach seems to be the easiest and most straightforward approach. The paper relates that a common practice in IDS software is to incorporate different techniques to detect intrusion so that other methods such as hierarchical clustering can still be included in the system to search for suspicious/ known data patterns such as viruses. The paper includes charts, graphs and a screen-shot.

From the Paper
"Since we are not building a new system, we will try to implement and base the report on existing work. Viewing sequence algorithms for intrusion detection helps to determine which patterns look like patterns of intrusion. The statistics technique is discussed but will not be programmed at this current time. We will also attempt to show manually how this algorithm will detect the patterns using previous research as it correlates to this specific data using logs provided and some data mining algorithm."

Tags:algorithms, tree-like, clustering, pattern, ids

Abstract
Hong Kong has been, for most of its history, something of an anomaly. For most of the territory's history it was a British colony, but it had almost no British colonialists in residence, with its population in the 1970s being 98% Chinese. Moreover, although it was a British territory for 140 years, its "significant history" dates from 1949 when the Communist Revolution in China utterly transformed its political, social and economic character. This anomalous aspect of Hong Kong will be highlighted in this essay, which will explore the economic transformation of Hong Kong in the modern period. The thesis will be argued that this anomalous aspect of Hong Kong played a critical role in its economic transformation in the critical post-war period as it allowed the Crown Colony/city-state to neatly straddle the primary ideological, territorial, cultural, political and economic demarcation lines in Asia. In this regard, it was not only able to draw upon diverse sources for its development, but its value to all major players in the region was such that everyone had an interest in Hong Kong's continuing success and development. In this regard, its anomalous character represents Hong Kong's critical strategic advantage in its modern economic transformation.

From the Paper
The Transformations of the Hong Kong Economy In the Post-War Era Introduction Hong Kong has been, for most of its history, something of an anomaly. For most of the territory's history it was a British colony, but it had almost no British colonialists in residence, with its population in the 1970s being 98% Chinese. Moreover, although it was a British territory for 140 years, its "significant history" dates from 1949 when the Communist Revolution in China utterly transformed its political, social and economic character. This anomalous aspect of Hong Kong will be highlighted in this

Tags:hong kong, economy, growth

Abstract
This paper explains that the various multiple outlooks of a country's people builds its "national outlook", which usually project it internationally at a level consonant with its domestic success. However, the Federal Republic of Germany, one of the richest and more populous country, has refrained from projecting this strength. Since World War II, the author points out, Germany has remained steadfast in its commitment to non-militarism and to multilateralism. The paper explains that this contemporary political stance is deeply rooted in Germany's own historic experiences with Nazism, World Wars and the Cold War.

From the Paper
"On other levels, too, German multilateralism comes across as realist. Germany occupies a preeminent position within the European Union, but time and again, it has played the role of conciliator, siding either with its fellow European nations or with other European powers and the United States. In the 1990s, the fight to clean up the environment found Germany taking different sides depending on the specific issue. The Montreal Protocol sought to gradually eliminate the methyl bromide that was harming the Earth's ozone layer."

Tags:military, liberal democratic principles, realist, human rights, cold war

Abstract
This paper will bring to light the trade policies that have contributed to Hong Kong's great success to date. With a long and complicated history, such a task must consider its contemporary policies in the context of their historical antecedents.

Abstract
This paper looks at how within only two generations; Hong Kong has established itself as a model of stellar economic growth. This paper will attempt to uncover the 'secrets' of Hong Kong's success, and strive to provide a greater understanding of this very unique and dynamic area.

Abstract
This paper studies the concept of market efficiency as it applies to the United Kingdom. The paper begins with a definition of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis, followed by an analysis of anomalies to this concept. Empirical observations about the January effect and the weekend effect are offered. The paper concludes with a comparison between the concept of market efficiency in the UK and other European countries. Market Efficiency January Effect Weekend Effect Anomalies and the Efficiency Market

From the Paper
"Market Efficiency could be defined as a concept of Efficient Markets Hypothesis. EMH follows that stock prices reflect information. The basic concept is that if markets are efficient then information of abnormal nature could be reflected simultaneously into the market. As a result of this effect, prices are also effected. On the other hand if markets are inefficient newly generated information will have a slower effect into the market thereby change in prices is also slow."

Tags:stock, London, England, weekend, January, efect, prices, sales, inefficient, capital, corporate, funding

Abstract
Many studies on the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) and portfolio management suggest that the majority of professional investment managers cannot regularly beat a buy-and-hold strategy on a risk-adjusted basis. This paper attempts to examine the critiques on the efficient market hypothesis and the trend of the investors, financial analysts and portfolio managers to gather information to obtain excess-return. It begins with a brief description of the efficient market hypothesis and an outline of the characteristics associated with it, followed by a brief description of the new critiques against this hypothesis. It also discusses the relevant patterns that predict an excess return adjusted to the risk as well as new strategies applied by the investors.

Outline
Introduction
Efficient Market Hypothesis
Under-Reaction to New Information
Technical Trading Rules
Contrarian Strategy
Seasonality Anomaly
Predictable Patterns Based on Valuation Parameters
Book Value-Market Value Ratio
Initial Dividend Yields
Initial Price-Earnings Multiples
Predictable Patterns Based on Firm Characteristics
Insider Trading Abnormal Profit
Emerging Markets
Conclusion

From the Paper
"New conditions to beat the efficient market hypothesis has supported the shift away from market performance theories, based purely on mathematical or logical bases, to psychology and economics that offer some predictable patterns. (Mills, Roger p.37)
In fact the investment analysis still play an important role in decision-making concerning the purchase and sale of ordinary shares.(Arnold and Moizer 1984 p.195) The survey conducted by Arnold and Moizer (1984) suggests that the analyst use a common general pattern to appraise the ordinary shares using fundamental analysis like primary analysis technique to indentify shares over/under-valued. The other techniques, like technical analysis and beta anlysis, have a different purpose. The former is to determine the timing of the purchase and the latter is to evaluate the performance of portfolio management.(Arnold and Moizer, p.205)"

Tags:anomaly, behavioral, book, contrarian, dividend, earnings, emerging, finance, insider, price, ratio

Abstract
The paper examines the capabilities of wireless personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs) and wireless wide area networks (WWANs). The paper describes the advantages and limitations of wireless networks in accommodating goals, objectives and requirements in government and/or academic environments. Finally the paper identifies a security protocol which relates to these wireless network technologies.

Outline:
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Rationale
Methodology
WPAN Security
P2P Wireless Technology
Radio and 3G Cellular
Security Challenges, Risks and Approaches
Proactive Wireless Self-Protection System - Anomaly-Based Security
Identified Solution -Anomaly-Based Solutions

From the Paper
"Kennedy and Hunt relate that BlueSnarf is the process entailing unsolicited content being sent to Bluetooth enabled devices and just as in Bluejacking, BlueSnarf attempts to mimic authentication dialogues causing the user to being tricked into disclosing their access codes and allowing the attacker to read access to a vulnerable device thus enabling them to access the calendar and phone book without authentication. This attack is reported to have recently been upgraded to BlueSnarf++ making the use of the Object Exchange FTP service in connecting to devices which are vulnerable and allowing the attacker read write access for the device's file system in its entirety as well as that of any memory extensions including such as memory sticks. The third attack in this area is related by Kennedy and Hunt as being that of what is known as 'BlueBump' which exposes a weakness in the "handling of Bluetooth link keys, giving devices that are no longer authorized the ability to access services as if still paired. It can lead to data theft or the use of mobile Internet connectivity services, such as Wireless Application Protocol." (Kennedy and Hunt, 2008, p.1)
"Another attack referred to as Bluesmack is a Denial of Service (DOS) attack "that can be performed with standard tools such as Linux Bluez utils package." (Kennedy and Hunt, 2008, p.1) This attack is stated to be similar to that known as 'Ping of Death' because it targets the L2CAP layer, which can request another Bluetooth peer echo."

Tags:Bluetooth, encryption, authentication, algorithms, packet, data

Abstract
Even a cursory glance at the discipline of sociology reveals that various paradigms of approach to sociological discourse are as important to making it intelligible as the content of its arguments. The paper shows that the manner in which data is presented may have much to do with credibility and clarity. The paper shows that when something unexpected happens (anomaly) that violates a theory or model, there is a potential for testing or altogether changing the theory or model (paradigm). And when that happens, whole new ideas and explanations that account for phenomena or behavior may arise. The paper looks at this idea in the context of theories by sociologists such as Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, John Locke and Max Weber.

From the Paper
"Both Marx and Weber are concerned about conflict relationships of dominant and subordinate social groups. But Marx always takes the view that the best way to interpret power relationships is in terms of alienation of capital and labor, and of labor and itself, due to absence of a working-class experience of power. Weber takes the view that individual experience and economic factors of society as part of a complex overall social picture shaped by capitalism, with social phenomena having variable consequences for variable groups. This would help explain, for example, why two people who receive the same education have such different postgraduate economic experiences."

Tags:functionalism, conscience, collective, Manifesto, John, Locke

Abstract
The strengths and weakness of various theories including extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic radiation waves and quantum theory as it applies to psi are discussed. Also examined are the problems of scientific paradigm shifts and the possibility that the statistical evidence for psi activity is an "anomaly" in our current paradigm and a precursor to a paradigm shift.

From the Paper
"Parapsychology occupies a unique position within the scientific realm. The results of the field are often considered invalid, fraudulent, or insignificant. Psi is often thought to be inconsistent with the current knowledge of physics. Despite the large body of statistical evidence for anomalous cognition, psi will not be widely accepted until a solid, testable physical theory is developed. Although the uncertainties and seemingly illogical consequences of quantum theory seem promising for the development of this sort of theory, as yet none exists."

Tags:elf, occult, paradigm, parapsychology, psychic, quantum, statistics, testing, theory