Abstract
The paper explores Shadd's prominent role as the first Black woman in North America to edit and publish a newspaper. Moreover, the paper looks at how Shadd vehemently rejected the strictures imposed upon her by virtue of being female and black and how she self-consciously carved out for herself a very public position on a wide array of issues. To determine what precisely it was that made Mary Ann Shadd so different from so many other women, this paper examines her upbringing, education, and the role Quakerism played in shaping her. Finally, the paper discusses her many accomplishments as a publisher and as an educator and concludes that she lives on because she was a prototype for a new kind of black woman who would not tolerate second-class citizenship.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at Mary Ann Shadd and assess her important place in North American (not merely Canadian or American) history. To wit, the ensuing several pages will look at Shadd's prominent role as the first Black woman in North America to edit and publish a newspaper when she brought into existence the Provincial Freeman in Windsor, Ontario, during the 1850s. Moreover, the paper will look at how Shadd vehemently rejected the strictures imposed upon her by virtue of being female and black and how she self-consciously carved out for herself a very public position on a wide array of issues. To determine what precisely it was that made Mary..."

Tags:mary, ann, shadd

Abstract
This paper discusses the characters Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, and Herakles from Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red", explaining their alter egos in mythology.

From the Paper
"Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red" features the names Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryon's red dog Geryoneis and Herakles. Carson did not invent these figures, they have a reality outside her fiction. Stesichorus, for example, was a ...th-century poet whose name means chorus master. Inspired by Homer, he specialized in long narrative poems having mythological themes and wrote similar stories such as "The Wooden Horse" and "The Capture of Troy". Stesichorus is said to have been struck blind for writing a..."

Tags:Ann Carson, Autobiography of Red, Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, Herakles

Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes the plot, story, main character, and themes of Ann Petry's "The Street." The paper explores the topic of how one's perception of morality can change when faced with racism and oppression.

From the Paper
"The story is a story of the environmental impact on a character, in this case Lutie James as a member of society with multiple strikes against her, from the fact that she is a woman and that she is black, to the fact that she is poor. Her fall is heightened by the fact that she is innately honest and hard working woman, and her own personal sense of integrity seems to provide a nobility that will carry her or make her seem sympathetic to the reader. She is also highly intelligent, combining with her street level perspective on the way things are in society."

Tags:anne petry, morality, american dream, african american, literature racism oppression

Abstract
This paper focuses on the life and crimes of Mary Ann Cotton, a British female serial killer in the 1800s. The paper also talks about the violentization theory formulated in this century by Lonnie Athens to explain her behavior. The author has also included two other theories, humanistic psychological theory and social control theory, to explain Mary Ann Cotton's delinquency.

From the Paper
"Athens' time. Mary Ann Cotton was born into a small English village in 1832 and by the time Mary reached age thirty-three, she had already poisoned and killed ten people. Using Athens' theory of violentization, it is possible to understand what occurred in Mary's childhood to lead her to a life of violence. Additional theories, such as humanistic psychological theory and social control theory, could be utilized in order to explain Mary's violent actions. If Athens' theory of violentization or another theory on crime and delinquency had been available to Mary's peers or family during her childhood, the death of approximately twenty English citizens may have been prevented.
"In October 1832, a female serial killer was born in County Durham, England. Mary Ann Robson was born to two young adults who had recently married at age twenty. Throughout her childhood, Mary Ann faced multiple hardships. Mary Ann's father, Michael, was a poor miner who made hardly enough to keep his children and wife from starving. Also, her father was an avid Methodist and imposed harsh discipline on both Mary Ann and her brother, Robert. Mary Ann's father would often overstep his boundaries and discipline often bordered senseless abuse. Aggressive discipline coupled to malnutrition caused Mary Ann to frequently retreat from her family and friends."

Tags:suspicious, childhood, violent, discipline

Abstract
This paper analyzes Ann Beattie's short story entitled "Janus", further suggesting that to truly appreciate this work, one needs to have an understanding of Ann Beattie's life. The review shows how a biographical reading, meaning examining the author's life in light of their work, often gives deeper meaning and cites Charles Dickens as an example. The paper continues by exploring the major characters in "Janus" and its significant themes and symbols. Intertwined with this is also a description of Beattie's life, career and significant relationships. The paper concludes by stating that understanding Beattie's life can give useful insights into her work.

From the Paper
"Andrea displays the same sense of entitlement that one might expect someone in Beattie's situation growing up with. Though it is not revealed until late in the story, the bowl that figures so prominently in "Janus" and in Andrea's life was given to her by an extramarital lover, who left her soon after when she refused to leave her husband (Beattie, 83). Andrea thought she could have it all; she does not seem particularly disappointed or heartbroken about the situation. Her marriage is not particularly bad, either--it's just too easy, calm, and passionless, and so it grew stagnant. Her attachment to her lover is obviously not that strong, either, or she would have expressed more regret and sorrow at the end of the relationship. Instead, she simply hung on to the bowl he had given her..."

Tags:Charles Dickens, short stories, Andrea, bowl, adulthood

Abstract
This paper discusses the regulatory environment for air pollution and its control in the Ann Arbor region, noting that Ann Arbor is key to the fight against air pollution through the actions of the National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in the city. The organization provides a technical review of the issue and of the technical and regulatory issues involved in controlling emissions to reduce air pollution.

From the Paper
"Air pollution affects the Ann Arbor region as it does other major cities, and Ann Arbor is also key to the fight against air pollution through the actions of the National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in the city. The organization provides a technical review of the issue and of the technical and regulatory issues involved in controlling emissions to reduce air pollution. This organization and researchers at the University of Michigan provide recommendations, expertise, and analysis for various governmental organizations at different levels across the country to address the regulatory issues raised by air pollution and the need to reduce it and its effects."

Tags:michigan, air, pollution

Abstract
The following paper looks at Mary Ann Shadd and assess her important place in North American (not merely Canadian or American) history. To wit, the ensuing several pages look at Shadd's prominent role as the first Black woman in North America to edit and publish a newspaper when she brought into existence the 'Provincial Freeman' in Windsor, Ontario, during the 1850s. Moreover, the paper looks at how Shadd vehemently rejected the strictures imposed upon her by virtue of being female and black and how she self-consciously carved out for herself a very public position on a wide array of issues. To determine what precisely it was that made Mary Ann Shadd so different from so many other women, the paper begins first by looking at her upbringing in a home wherein both her parents played integral roles in the early nineteenth-century Underground Railroad. Additionally, this paper explores her education and inquires into the role Quakerism played in shaping her vigorous intellect and her determination to use "common sense" - via the written word - to awaken revulsion against slavery and racial inequality. Finally, some time is devoted to looking at her many accomplishments as a publisher and as an educator.

From the Paper
"Shadd's work as an editor and publisher is only one small part of her contribution to history - both Canadian and American. In addition to her involvement in the newspaper industry, Shadd was also a teacher who, while not even in her 30s yet, organized a school for black children in Wilmington, Delaware - the same slave-holding state her family had fled from not so many years earlier. She also somehow found time to teach in New York City, West Chester, and Norristown, Pennsylvania. More significantly, Shadd opposed school segregation and, upon arriving in Windsor, Ontario, somehow scraped together the money from bemused parents to found a private school (with her at the head of course) that, ostensibly, rejected educational segregation. "

Tags:black, female, segregation

Abstract
Ann Richards brought a vitality and outrageousness to the office of governor that had not been seen in decades. This paper discusses how, during her lifetime of public service, former Texas Governor Ann Richards won widespread acclaim for her accomplishments as an elected official and as an inspirational national leader and role model, not only for women and minorities, but for the public at large.

From the Paper
"In 1982, Richards was elected state treasurer, making her the first woman to hold the Texas office in some fifty years and was re-elected in 1986 without opposition (Texas Pp). Her wit and folksy speaking style made her a national figure when she gave the keynote address at the 1988 Democratic Convention calling for unification and offering a memorable salute to the achievements of women, reminding her worldwide audience, "Ginger Rogers did everything that Fred Astaire did. She just did it backwards and in high heels" (Biography Pp). Two years later, combining her command as a speaker with years of achievement as Texas state treasurer and a Travis County commissioner, teacher and activist, Richards entered the 1990 gubernatorial campaign and was elected the 45th governor of Texas (Biography Pp)."

Tags:texan, woman, minority, public

Abstract
This paper examines the Ann Petry novel "The Street." It describes the story of the female African-American heroine's life as a single mother in Harlem. The paper demonstrates Petry's use of her main character to explore the limitation of the American capitalist system, when issues of gender and race are concern. The author writes that the novel is a tragic reality of the sufferings of African-American people in one of the most prosperous capitalist societies of the world. The paper describes how the novel is American naturalistic tradition through the depiction of real life on the streets of Harlem.

From the Paper
"Ann Petry's "The Street" is a story about Lutie Johnson, an intelligent, strong, and beautiful black woman who does her best to raise an eight-year-old son as a single parent, advance in her job, and work her way out of the Harlem streets. Petry uses Lutie Johnson as a medium to explore the limitations of the American capitalist system; the role of race and gender in perpetuating violence, poverty and failure; and the societal restrictions that restrict and oppress the female gender, especially black women. "

Tags:women, black, single, paprent, harlem, captialism, race, gender, female

Abstract
The paper analyzes the central themes of Ann Petry's book, "The Streets" written in 1946 about racism and ghetto life in Harlem. The paper also discusses the theme of abandonment by her husband and the way it altered her focus on attaining the American Dream. The paper shows that the situation in Harlem is indeed improving since the book was written, despite Petry's feeling of disillusionment of the place before her death several years ago.

From the Paper
"Contrary to some of Petry's statements, her success did not portray that of a victim's mentality. Although she felt her race strongly influenced her chances of success, she had a strong belief that one must have a definite purpose in life. Her successes reflect this. Some people can take their unfairness of discrimination and use it in their favor. Coming from the upper middle class family, which she did, she was instilled in good values. Although she had powerful setbacks, she did achieve adequate success in her lifetime. These trying and hard times did not dampen her optimism. She was constantly reminded of reality, by well meaning friends and family. No one was going to take her focus off of achieving this American dream by overcoming poverty and defeat. It takes a strong person to block out the negativity of people's opinions and remains focused. Lutie never does achieve her American dream completely, as she intended. She has made significant progress in pursuit of her goals; although ultimate result is that she is distracted."

Tags:upper, class, status, Caucasians, crime, prejudice, Drugs