Abstract In this article, the writer discusses the notion of the 24-hour period used in the day/night cycle. The writer explains that this cycle began in ancient Egypt, while the sixty divisions of degrees, minutes and seconds is derived from the number system based on sixty (sexagesimal) of the Mesopotamians. The writer examines this approach to dividing the day and night into like segments. Further, the writer looks at ancient peoples' observations about the motion of the sun and discusses how this ultimately results in the system that is used to measure angles today.
From the Paper "Given its ancient origins, the reason angles are measured in degrees, minutes and seconds today has likewise been forgotten by many modern observers. In fact, the basis for this method was developed almost five thousand years ago in Sumeria based on their use of sundials to track time. In her book, Time's Pendulum: The Quest to Capture Time -- from Sundials to Atomic Clocks, Jo Ellen Barnett reports that the convention of the 24-hour period used in the day/night cycle began in ancient Egypt, while the sixty divisions of degrees, minutes and seconds is derived from the number system based on sixty (sexagesimal) of the Mesopotamians; because the Mesopotamians had not yet invented fractional numbers, they preferred whole numbers which could be divided in several different ways, and the number 60 can be evenly divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, and 30."
An examination of the role of classical Hollywood techniques in developing the relationship between Clarice Starling and Dr. Hannibal Lecter in the film "The Silence of the Lambs".
Abstract This paper examines how classical Hollywood cinema techniques such as narration, camera angles and lighting aid in the development of the relationship between the protagonists Clarice Starling and Hannibal Lecter in the film "The Silence of the Lambs". It evaluates how classical narration develops the relationship which changes from an impersonal to a more personal one, as Clarice Starling, an FBI agent, struggles to solve a problem to which Dr. Hannibal Lecter provides the answer. It also looks at how in all four of their encounters, the camera shots move from low and high-angle shots to those of eye-level shots signifying how the relationship changes from one of superiority to one of equality.
From the Paper "In The Silence of the Lambs camera angles are another classical Hollywood technique that helps in developing the relationship between Starling and Dr. Lecter. In their first of four encounters, low-angle shots and high-angle shots were used. "With low-angle shots, in which the camera looks up at the action or person, the audience assumes that the person looking up is inferior to what they are looking at" (Belton 45). In the first encounter the low-angle shot was used subtly, not to the extreme as in other movies. An example of a low-angle shot is when Starling is talking and the camera breaks to Dr. Lecter, showing him slightly higher. High-angle shots are used as well."
This paper is a personal essay comparing two versions of the film, "Cape Fear", a first film in 1962 directed by J. Lee Thompson in the style of Hitchcock, and the second in 1991, directed by Martin Scorsese.
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, 2004, $ 31.95
Abstract This paper relates that the first "Cape Fear"s? technical uses of camera angles caused many film critics to call it "Hitchcockian", but this broad designation neglects another: Hitchcock's use of suspense and his simultaneous embrace of the grotesque. The author believes that American director, Martin Scorsese, shares Hitchcock's use of humor; but technically, Scorsese is less apt than Hitchcock to use sharp camera angles. Scorsese's camera is more apt to linger, as well as to jump-cut. The author contends that the second "Cape Fear" is more horrific than the first film because the modern viewer of the 1990s and beyond is so much more apt to identify with the difficulties and complexities exhibited by the characters, as opposed to the more 'perfect' setting that is intruded upon in the first film.
From the Paper "This is not to deny the impact of J. Lee Thompson's unique style. Scorsese and J. Lee Thompson differ from each other in that the earlier filmmaker was always apt to cast a mythological tone to his use of narrative. In contrast to both Hitchcock's suspenseful humor and Scorsese's suspenseful characterization and brutal view of common humanity, Thompson prefers to view the world as a morality play. Thus, the starkness of good and evil in the film is not due to the filmmaker's naivet?, but the way he reads "Beauty and the Beast"s? influence on the modern day justice system. "
Abstract This paper details Hitchcock's unique talent for drawing the audience into his characters' thoughts, actions and emotions. This paper focuses primarily on three of the director's films, "Rear Window," "Notorious" and "Vertigo." The writer of this paper delves into Hitchcock's use of the subjective approach which when done correctly lets the viewing audience see into the minds of the characters on the screen. The writer contends and explains how Hitchcock's subjective storytelling and proper camera angles allow the viewer to see the point of view of the characters. This paper analyzes the director's use of subjective cinema which presents an idea in the mind of the character without the need for dialogue while at the same time using a point-of-view shot camera sequence resulting in a build-up of suspense. This paper contends that Hitchcock's use of the subjective approach is a powerful method of filmmaking, even more so than the actual acting. This paper details how the subjective approach along with specific camera angles in "Vertigo" allow the viewers to identify with the protagonist Scottie while the cinematography gives the audience a true sense of the dizziness and fear of falling felt by the character.
From the Paper "The poison scene with its sequences of Alicia knowing what is happening is another example of the subjective techniques used by Hitchcock. As noted above, the audience has information that even the protagonist does not have. At the start of the scene, the audience knows that Alicia is being poisoned by Sebastian and his mother, because they know she is working for the Americans. The scene also shows the different type of actual camera shots: The establishing shot opens the sequence, frequently an exterior and sets the scene. The long shot (LS), which shows all or most of a fairly large subject (for example, a person) and usually much of the surroundings and extreme long shot where the camera is at its furthest distance from the subject, emphasizing the background."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that many people write all day and never consider the physics behind the act of placing words on paper. However, there is a whole world of how and why these sticks of wood and lead leave various types of marks on a formerly clean white page. The writer discusses that the structure, force, friction and angle of each pencil constructs the reasons why it writes the way it does. The writer maintains that the main component of why the pencil leaves marks is the energy behind it and energy which comes directly from the writer using that pencil. People also have their ways of holding their pencils, changing the angles and creating different styles of friction between the pencil and the paper. This leads to the conclusion that the individual carries much more responsibility in the act of writing than one would think.
From the Paper "The pencil represents the concept of a stationary mass until it is picked up and used by the writer. A normal pencil varies in length and diameter, but is mainly constructed using wood casings to hold a lead core which leaves marks on the paper being written on. Most lengths begin at around six inches, but can vary based on where and why the pencil was made. This length also shortens as the writer continuously sharpens the pencil and eats away at the wood casing in order to extract a sharper piece of lead core to write with. The diameter of the pencil varies, the general bulk of the wood casing is much larger and wider than the fine pencil tip. Most pencil's diameters are measured in millimeters and average to around 0.05 mm to 0.07 mm. However, the standard yellow pencil is 0.05mm."
Abstract This essay uncovers how Peter Ueberroth, head of the L.A. Olympic Organizing Committee transformed the games into a monumental opportunity to stage a spectacular event and raise enough to contribute back to the surrounding community. The paper examines the success of the 1984 Olympics through the persepctive of entrepreuneurial organization.
From the Paper "Various factors contributed to the success of the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee (LAOOC) and much was due to the "infective" personality of Peter Ueberroth. However, as biologist Bertalanffy professed through his systems theory "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
"Without digging deeply into the theory itself and the resulting holistic philosophy, "systems theory focuses on not only how the parts are arranged and what they do but also the relations which connect the parts into a whole."
Abstract In this paper, the writer explores a new marketing strategy for the Ford Motor Company for the year 2002. The writer plans to market the car as the "All American Car" and focus on the family while bringing in angles of family and social values. The catch phrase being "Ford is America" is used and a marketing strategy is presented.
From the Paper "But there are regions Ford doesn't appear favorably, especially the developing nations of Central Europe, Africa, or Asia. What people want the world 'round in a car is the same: a long-term, reliable vehicle at a low price that's fuel efficient with outstanding safety, and stylish. Americans will own several cars in their lifetime. My target in the domestic promotional campaign is to make those automobiles Fords, whether it's their first car, a new car for an expanding family, or a car in for the retirement years. My campaign proposal is designed to strike various sectors of the public. To accomplish that, I am proposing a product identification campaign, using situations or settings that reflect the US domestic market with individuals who appreciate driving Ford motor vehicles. It has to be an all-encompassing spectrum of the societal fabric of America."
Tags: advertising, consumer, market, budget, audience, proposal, promotion, test-drive, media
Abstract This report reviews several articles from the beginning of the European Antitrust lawsuit against software giant, Microsoft. The paper first reviews articles released before the European Council's guilty verdict was delivered and then reviews a few articles that were dated after the guilty verdict. The paper then compares reporting styles and angles to see if the media stayed consistent. The articles reviewed are appended.
From the Paper "It is funny, but articles that were released after the guilty verdict implied that the United States and Europe did not see eye to eye with the outcome of the case. This is ironic considering that the United States anti-trust legal team has been consistently attacking the Microsoft for the exact same offenses the company was defending in Europe. ?The case reflected a growing feeling among a section of America's ruling elite that the US was in danger of losing out to its economic rivals in Japan and Europe because, in protecting its dominant place in the market for desktop computers, Microsoft was actually retarding the development of new technologies emerging around the Internet.? (European antitrust case finds against Microsoft) As it seems Europe is trying to regain control of its own technology opportunities, Americans may get the impression that the media is trying to start a type anti-European sentiment to protect the American advantage of technology sales. In Europe the media suggests breaking up Microsoft and in America they no longer believe that breaking up the company makes sense. Prior to the European ruling, the United States felt that the only way to curb Microsoft from monopolistic business practices was to curb the predatory and illegal practices inherent to the company through break up. Since the European verdict, the American government seems to have taken the approach of sharing as opposed to breakup."
Abstract The paper defines the unit circle as a key instrument in learning about trigonometric functions, values and concepts. The paper lists the steps to making a unit circle and provides detailed examples and graphs.
Outline:
What is the Unit Circle?
How Do I Make a Unit Circle?
How To Find Coordinates
How To Find a Reference Angle Negative Values
In Conclusion
From the Paper "Well, to first understand the Unit Circle, you must first understand basic graphing, because the Unit Circle is based off the circular graph x2 + y2 = 1. The Unit Circle is a circle whose values are counted counterclockwise starting from the point (1,0). Then the values- in degree and radian measure (don't worry all of this will be further explained later, so don't worry if your lost)- are used to solve trigonometry problems and equations. The values on the Unit Circle are used to find sine, cosine and tangent values as well as to find compliment and supplement angles. Overall, the Unit Circle is one of the most helpful things to know when doing the ever so complicated trigonometry. An easy was to think of the Unit Circle is that the Unit Circle is a box of primary colors, it's your red, blue and yellow. With this Unit Circle/primary color box you are able to make and understand all sorts of other colors and concepts."
Abstract The paper examines the film "American Beauty" and outlines the main storyline. The paper focuses on the lighting, camera angles and distances, colors, theme, symbols, acting, editing and sound effects. The paper is of the opinion that the director did a fantastic job with this film.
From the Paper "The setting of this movie takes place a simple suburban town and is in present day, which was in 1999 when it was created. The plot is about a man, Lester Burnham, who is going through his midlife crisis and decides he wants to change it so he is happy. He ends up blackmailing is boss, quitting his job, and working a fast food burger place, and doing what he wants to do when he wants to, and he develops a crush on one of his daughter's friends named Angela. The conflict is that he ends up going against society and conformity and is finally happy, but his family is not happy about it."
Abstract This paper describes three basic angles of the media's impact on adolescent self-perception. The paper illustrates the media's most positive portrayal of teenagers and its more customary negative angle. It provides real world examples of the state of adolescence in America. The paper explores how and why corporate America and the media affect the nation's children.
Table of Contents
I. Fear is in the TV: Media images of an adolescent world
II. Truth is in the Streets: The rest of the story
III. Autopsy Reports in the Profit Margins: What does Corporate America have to gain?
a. Media Stock in Violence
b. Drug Companies and the New Marketplace
c. Get Tough on Crime (it's easy on the approval ratings)
d. Selling Popularity
IV. I Don?t Want to Be Part of Your World: Self-definition and other underage options
a. Media Complications and Youth Reactions
b. Self-Definition and Viable Options
V. Summary
VI. Sources Used
From the Paper "I began work on this paper with every intention of sticking to traditional subjects. I planned to discuss media portrayal of women and beauty, the formation of high school "cool" through marketing and media pressure, and the legalities of advertising to teenagers. Along the way I expected to discuss such random issues as cartoon characters and smoking campaigns. However, once I actually started my research, an entirely different topic kept popping up over and over again: the negative media portrayal of teenagers and the wholesale selling of violence and mind-altering drugs.
"Multiple school shootings have passed in recent memory. Daily news reports continue to be filled with stories of adolescent murderers and children in adult prisons. The question then presented itself to my mind, how does all this negative media coverage affect the way teens view themselves, and the way in which they interact with the world? Are teens today really more violent, and if so, is that the fault of the entertainment media or some other cause? What is it like to be part of a subculture that takes the brunt of these media scandals? Is it all hype, and does the hype worsen the problem?
Increasingly my other research seemed to pale in comparison to these questions. One day when I was at the library, a boy walked by wearing a Marilyn Manson T-shirt that piqued my interest and made up my mind as to how I should approach this paper. It read: "Is adult entertainment killing our children, or is killing children entertaining our adults?" I set myself the task of answering that question, and further exploring how media messages on violence and group conformity might change the self-perception and self-identification of adolescents, with a focus on the events at Columbine.
There are three basic angles that I felt needed to be explored. First, I attempted to explain the media's most positive portrayal of teenagers and its more customary, negative angle. Then I contrasted these stereotypes with a few real-world truths about the state of adolescence in America. Finally, I tried to explore how and just as importantly, why, corporate America and the general media have affected our children."
Abstract This paper explains that glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that gradually steals sight without warning and often without symptoms; vision loss is caused by damage to the optic nerve because the eye's drainage canals become clogged over time and the inner eye pressure (also called intra-ocular pressure or IOP) rises because the correct amount of fluid can't drain out of the eye. The author describes several types of glaucoma: Open angle, angle closure, secondary, normal tension (also known as low tension or normal pressure glaucoma) and pigmentary. The paper stresses that early detection, through regular and complete eye exams, including two routine eye tests tonometry and ophthalmoscopy, is the key to protecting vision from damage caused by glaucoma.
From the Paper "Angle closure Glaucoma is rarer and is very different from open angle glaucoma. In this case, the eye pressure usually goes up very fast. This happens when the drainage canals get blocked or covered over, like clog in a sink when something is covering the drain. With angle closure glaucoma, the iris and cornea is not as wide and open as it should be. The outer edge of the iris bunches up over the drainage canals, when the pupil enlarges too much or too quickly. This can happen when entering a dark room."
Abstract This paper discusses some of the attributes of the criminal group, the Hell's Angles. It discusses the organizational history of the motorcycle gang, as well as their structure and members. It then goes on to describe their criminal history and their more current activities. The paper also describes law enforcement strategies with regards to the Hell's Angles.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the Hells Angels
Structure
Participants
Activities
Law Enforcement Strategies
Conclusion
From the Paper "Motorcycle gangs are known to have formed after WWII. Motorcycles were cheap in the 1940's, and former military personnel formed up on weekends riding and partying together. Two of the first such fraternities were the Pissed Off Bastards and the Booze Fighters, groups that established early the notoriety of the outlaw biker image. In 1947, at an American Motorcycle Association convention in the drowsy town of Hollister, Calif., the Pissed Off Bastards rode in drunk, wild and destructive, landing as if behind enemy lines with a belly full of TNT. (Jamison, 2000)."
Abstract This paper presents the findings of an article written after testing two specific hypotheses: (1) that the ski boot in its standard setting causes a misalignment of two measurements of knee angles as compared to the natural barefoot position; and (2) that both canting and boot rotation affect on varus valgus (VV) and internal-external rotation (IRER) angles as well.
Outline:
Introduction
Article Summary
Subjective Evaluation
Biomechanical Description of Technique
Critical Analysis of Technique Selected
Summary
From the Paper "Knee injuries are some of the most interesting issues in orthopedics and sports medicine from the perspective of both prevention and treatment. The analysis of biomechanical causation is crucial to understanding acute traumatic knee injuries as well as long-term chronic knee problems commonly presenting in athletes at all levels of involvement.
"In the case of knee injuries in skiers, one testable hypothesis is the component of causation that relates to ski boots. By design, ski boots are intended to provide external support and maintenance of advantageous ankle and knee flexion and tibial angular orientation with respect to the perpendicular as measured between the skier and the ski
slope. Previous research has established a relationship between external ankle support in general and specifically, the way that altering or restricting the natural motion of the ankle joint contributes to changes in the mechanical load on anatomical structures in the knee."
A report on an experiment designed to demonstrate that the radius r of a thin-walled, rigid-body cylinder, when neglecting friction, has no effect upon the velocity of the center of mass vcm of the cylinder down an inclined plane of constant angle q.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 2 sources, 2000, $ 55.95
From the Paper "This is accomplished by showing that vcm of the cylinder is a function of gravity g down an inclined plane and the height h of the inclined plane, unaffected by the radius of the cylinder as given in the equation
vcm = (gh)1/2
The lab is an original comprehensive work with a full theoretical background of derived equations, and tables and graphs displaying all pertinent experimental data. "
