Abstract This paper discusses the history of the story of Joseph Andrews, which is important to the text as a whole as it provides a focus on the context of one episode of the story with greater detail. 'Joseph Andrews' was written by Fielding as a response to the Samuel Richardson novel 'Pamela'. Within the Richardson novel, the character of Pamela was a housemaid that had endured advancements of her master that were unwarranted. The character insisted on being treated with respect because of her virtue and ultimately was capable of achieving that end. The paper further discusses how when Fielding composed 'Joseph Andrews' he created the title character that was the brother of Pamela, and that was forced to withstand many of the same issues within his life that his "sister" had experienced. The advances of women in Andrews' case are created by Fielding with a comic sense that reappears again in the storyline.
Abstract This paper examines how America moved closer to a true democracy during Andrew Jackson's term of office as President - 1824-1840. The writer shows how during Jackson's presidency the two main factors increasing the democratic nature of American politics were-- active participation of the common man in politics and growth in the two-party political system.
From the Paper "The period of time in from 1824 until 1840 is known as the Jacksonian Era. This was a time of many political reforms that affected American democracy. During the Jacksonian Era, nominating conventions, the spoils system, and public campaigning for office promoted a more democratic process by strengthening the two-party system of government and promoting the active participation of the common man in politics."
Abstract This paper explains that there are many different styles of writings which are developed from the author's appropriate word choice, varied rhythm, effective placement and choice of modifiers, appropriate transitions, effective and creative use of punctuation, variation of sentence length and a logical hierarchical placement of detail. The author examines the style of V.C Andrews by using a paragraph from her books "Flower's in the Attic", "Heaven" and "My Sweet Audrina". The paper relates that, while Andrews was alive, she only finished six books but her family hired a ghost writer by the name of Andrew Neiderman. However, the author feels that there is a difference between her writing style and that of her ghost.
Table of Contents
Definition of Style
V.C Andrews' "Flower's in the Attic"
V.C Andrews' "Heaven"
V.C Andrews' "My Sweet Audrina"
Ghost Writer Andrew Neiderman
From the Paper "Yes, I do believe his work is very good. He can still see feel the anguish of what they are going through. But I don't think his writings are as dramatic as Andrews. He doesn't use the every day language and modifiers as she does. I think in a way they do portray the same things. For example, all of the main characters want to be happy, instead it takes a long time for that to happen. And in the process, several of the other character's are destroyed, with no intent on the main character. Something always happens to the one who is terrifying the main character."
An argument that the effects of Hurricane Andrew in Florida were exacerbated by the confused and uncoordinated response of the government and the disaster management organizations.
Abstract This paper discusses the impact that Hurricane Andrew had on Florida when it struck in the early hours of August 24, 1992. The paper first discusses the the early warning system and the resulting evacuation in Florida. The paper then argues that the impact of Hurricane Andrew in Florida was exacerbated by the confused, disorderly and uncoordinated response of the government and the disaster management organizations in the United States.
Table of Contents:
The Impact Hurricane Andrew Made on Florida
Gathering of the Storm
The Relative Success of the Early Warning System
Impact of Hurricane Andrew & the Inadequate Disaster Management
Conclusion
From the Paper "Despite there being a "Federal Response Plan" in place, the bureaucratic machinery took a long time to activate. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which was supposed to implement the Federal Response Plan, was hardly in a state to respond adequately to the situation. The Agency was still geared to respond primarily to a massive nuclear attack and saw its main responsibility as distributing federal loans and grants to help rebuild an area after a disaster. It would not issue direct aid to a state until it was given a specific request by the governor, and the state was unable to issue specific requests for aid because it had no one was available to assess the damage (Franklin). Federal help was so slow in arriving that a frustrated director of Dade County's Emergency Office made the famous remark, " . . . Where the hell is the cavalry on this one?" (Quoted by Lerbinger, 61) The quote captured the overall sense of frustration and helplessness that disaster victims felt. Stung by the criticism of the federal response to the emergency, President Bush created a presidential task force headed by Transportation Secretary Andrew H. Card, Jr. for jump-starting the entire disaster response process. Although Card took important measures that helped expedite the delivery of governmental assistance; but by bypassing existing policies and processes, these measures ultimately proved disruptive and expensive and caused greater confusion and hindered a coordinated response to the disaster (Schneider, 100)."
Abstract This report presents a summary of hurricanes in general. The paper discusses the path of Hurricane Andrew. The paper explains that Hurricane Andrew was a small, but extremely ferocious hurricane that inflicted an unprecedented economic devastation all along its path through the northwestern Bahamas, the southern Florida peninsula, and south-central Louisiana. The paper contends that record amount of damage has been updated to well over forty billion dollars, making Hurricane Andrew one of the most expensive natural disasters in the history of the United States.
From the Paper "A hurricane is basically a very big tropical cyclone like weather system that develops in the tropics. There are certain storm classifications that distinguish types of storms: Tropical Depression, Tropical Storm and a Hurricane. One major distinction between these different types of storms is the speed of the associated winds. A Tropical Depression usually has all of the makings of a storm such as persistent clouds and thunderstorms but the maximum sustained winds are at most thirty eight miles per hour. A Tropical Storm also has strong thunderstorms and winds blowing between thirty nine to seventy three miles per hour. In the case of a Hurricane, the tropical weather system's winds range from seventy four miles per hour and up."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the history of President Andrew Johnson and his rise in the political arena. This paper also discusses how he reconstructed the former Confederate states and how his impeachment effected the history of the United States of America.
Contents:
Reconstruction as Conducted by President Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson: The Making of a Martyr to the Republic?
Juggernaut Toward a Restored Union
From the Paper "It was also the era in which American understanding of the law changed, and that change was responsible, along with the actions of President Andrew Johnson, for helping the Union remain intact when continued strong forces for a separate North and South still held sway.
Spaulding makes an essential point for understanding Reconstruction, and one that is particularly apt concerning the impeachment of Andrew Johnson. Spaulding notes that "Although the modern legal profession has its roots in the same time period (legal formalism, education in law schools rather than apprenticeships, Socratic instruction, bar associations, large firm practice, and a distinct brand of constitutional conservatism all emerge in the 1870s), historians of the legal profession have largely ignored the relationship between professional organization and lawyers' experience of the Civil War and Reconstruction" (2005, p. 2001+)."
Abstract This paper explains that Andrew Carnegie is remembered for two main achievements: The enormous amounts of money he amassed as an industrialist and his giving most of his money away to charity. The author points out that, if Andrew Carnegie had not lived in poverty in the early years of his life, he may not have been so very interested in giving away his money to other people or, if he had not been interested in the written word, he may not have given millions away to public libraries and for free education. The paper stresses Andrew Carnegie's strong contention that giving away one's wealth for the common good was as important as making the wealth in the first place, the giving away must be done personally and it must be done in the right manner.
From the Paper "It must be noted that Andrew Carnegie considered education as being the veritable 'key' to life, and he was also extremely interested and also committed to the cause of an access to information. It is said that one incident in particular alerted Andrew Carnegie to this important fact, in the libraries of Colonel Anderson in Allegheny City, an incident that seems to have motivated him into donating enormous amounts of funds to the cause of library building all over the United States of America. As a matter of fact, over the doors of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, are carved the words, 'Free to the People', and this shows the spirit and the thoughts of the man."
Abstract This paper explains how a hurricane forms, looks at the special and unlikely circumstances which led to the devastating effects of Hurricane Andrew, and describes the damage caused in various states and why faulty building techniques were partially to blame.
From the paper:
"David Fisher's book on hurricanes describes a Category 5 hurricane as the ?scariest place on Earth, and Andrew was a Category 5 hurricane when it hit both south Florida and Louisiana.
A hurricane is a giant heat pump (Fisher, p. 61). Both the heat of the sun and the heat generated as evaporated moisture condenses contribute to the development of the hurricane. As the spinning winds contract, they speed up, much as a skater speeds up by pulling her arms in more tightly to her sides. Organization of the storm also requires an upper level high over a lower-level low, which allows the tropical depression to organize into a well formed, rotating tropical storm. If these conditions persist, the tropical storm may strengthen into a hurricane."
Abstract This paper, which focuses primarily on how Henry Fielding depicts English society in the 18th century in his novel "Joseph Andrews", is broken up into four parts, beginning with a look at the author and the context of the book - political, social and religious. The second part of the book has to do with Joseph Andrews in relation to other texts of the period. The third part is entirely focused on Fielding's moral society and the fourth takes into consideration the problem of language as related to society.
Author and Society: Reading Beyond the Text
The Prism or the Mirror: Depicting 18th Century Society
Fielding's Moral Society
Language and Society
From the Paper "Joseph Andrews not only provides a broad panorama of 18th-century English society but it also reveals the specific viewpoint and personal involvement of its author. It is often said that what prompted its writing was a reaction of "amused exasperation" at the astounding Pamela fashion. This is certainly true but the circumstances of the composition of Joseph Andrews are more complex and reach further back in time. The issues, people, and events affecting the author's private, social and intellectual life during the period moulded his vision of reality into a broader outlook that was to influence his literary taste. It would become proper to the majority of his writings. For example, Fielding's pronouncements on political, religious, or social matters would often be inspired by his own involvement in party politics, by his allegiance to some Latitudinarian or other and even by hopes of personal reward. Fielding and his characters refer to a host of actual people of every possible description - highwaymen, freethinkers, preachers, playwrights, poets, actors, and peers. Those are people the author might have met, or heard of, or read. They are the people he opposed, condemned, hated, defended, approved of, or loved. To understand how English society is represented in Joseph Andrews, it is crucial to read beyond the text in order to find the reasons for the author's attitude."
Abstract This paper summarizes and discusses James Curtis's book "Andrew Jackson and the Search for Vindication". The paper describes, according to the the book, the circumstances surrounding the various times in Andrew Jackson's life that he felt the need to search for vindication. The paper concludes that only time brought vindication for Jackson.
From the Paper "Jackson was to have more vindications of a military kind when his forces killed 186 Creek Indians on November 2, 1813, and on November 8, 1813 three hundred Creek Indians in Tennessee. Those battles were won even though Jackson was asked to wait for reinforcements and did not wait as ordered. And when soldiers were without adequate food and supplies, and threatened to walk away from battle, and Jackson himself was "a sick man" (p. 53), he stubbornly insisted on continuing, and threatened to shoot any men who deserted. "To Jackson the war was not a matter of contracts, terms of service, or dates of discharge, but a campaign to vindicate national honor and to prove his personal worth by triumphing over the enemy's wickedness" (p. 53). In 1813, when the British invaded New Orleans (War of 1812), Jackson's forces beat them and he became a hero, once again vindicating him. He was vindicated for the time he was taken prisoner by the British as a young boy, and made to shine British soldier's shoes, and almost had his head chopped off; and for his heroism in the face of a massive British charge in New Orleans. "Glorious," "unparalleled," "incredible" were some of the accolades he received nationwide for his hand in defeated the hated British."
Abstract In "Joseph Andrews", Henry Fielding offers a satiric description of the society he lives in. This paper describes the different aspects of English society seen from Fielding's eyes. It looks at how the narrator, through the adventures of Joseph Andrews and Abraham Adams, gives a description of eighteenth century English society and its habits with its strong belief in appearances, wealth and power. It also discusses how the protagonists enter this world with their prejudices of charity and kindness and how their innocence and virtue do not predispose them to face a rough, materialist and individualist society.
Outline:
Introduction
First Part
Second Part
Third Part
Conclusion
From the Paper "The impact of appearance is also greatly demonstrated in the Lady's story in book I chapter 4. The history of Leonora is significant of the omnipotence of physicality in society. Leonora is said to have all that she could desire - fortune, a devoted lover - and she throw it all away for appearances. The apparition of the coach and six is eye-catching and Bellarmine's dress in a French fashion can but attract her passion. The minute description of his clothes - his "cut-velvet coat of a cinnamon colour", with "a pink satten", "gold" - shows the attractiveness of the man and the good reputation that follows him - certainly everywhere. Then, although Leonora had refused to dance with any of the men, she accepts to dance with Bellarmine and actually falls in love with him. But the brightness of these clothes hides the darkness of his heart and the man Leonora thought to be a gentleman finally flies away. "
Abstract The author of the paper describes Andrew J. Viterbi as a great engineer of the past and present century and states that his success in communication systems helped the United States become a world leader in technological competition. In particular, the writes cites the famous Viterbi algorithm and achievements in CDMA cell phone development. The paper chronicles Viterbi's life from when he left Italy with his parents in the summer of 1939, the family's struggle to settle in the US and Viterbi's development into one of the country's leading engineers. The paper is accompanied by a number of photographs.
Outline:
A Genius of the Past and Present: Andrew J. Viterbi
Linkabit and Qualcomm. His creations.
Works Cited
From the Paper "At a very young age Viterbi was already dreaming of becoming an engineer. When his family moved to Boston, he used to spend his time day dreaming about attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). MIT is one of the highest ranked universities not only in the US, but worldwide. Viterbi would visualize himself as a student at MIT, but he knew his family could not afford it at that time and he would have to work hard in order to have a chance to get there, Viterbi had to get a scholarship (Morton). With hard work and a strong will Viterbi got it. He was ranked fourth among 225 students in his class and was accepted by MIT. He still had to work part time in order to fulfill his needs. He worked at Raytheon in the semiconductor area. At that time it was called the "transistor department." As he studied, he was already working as an engineer on communication equipment, designing electrical circuits and writing some diagnostic programs for radio links and early television. In the evenings he had classes."
Tags: algorithm communication radio satellite education Qualcomm Linkabit space, jet propulsion laboratory, MIT
Abstract This paper looks at the economic and environmental effects of the Hurricane Andrew, comparing it to other hurricanes throughout the United States.
From the Paper In August of 1992, hurricane Andrew swept through Florida and Louisiana causing more than 26 billion dollars in damage and claiming the lives of more than 60 people. Hurricane Andrew was by no means the largest hurricane to hit the United States, but what it lacked in size it made up for tenfold in power, making hurricane Andrew the costliest natural disaster in U.S. history ("Florida", Encarta Online; Rappaport).
The following paper discusses the biography of Andrew Carnegie, an entrepreneur and founder of the American steel Industry, his life, the major influences and significance of his work and the impact of his life on others.
Abstract Andrew Carnegie helped build the formidable American steel industry and then sold his steel business and systematically gave his collected fortune away to cultural, educational and scientific institutions for "the improvement of mankind." This paper examines the way in which Carnegie, who was one of the first industrialists to use scientists to research his own business, came to be the wealthiest man of his time, in the world.
From the Paper "During his final years, Carnegie spent most of his time in endeavors to promote world peace. He built both the Pan American Union building in Washington D.C. and the Hague Peace Palace, in the Netherlands to support international peace. The outbreak of World War I was devastating to him, and he died August 11, 1919 in Lenox, Massachusetts. By the time he died, Carnegie had given away $350,695,653 and had given another $30,000,000 to foundations, pensions and charities. Andrew Carnegie is considered one of the greatest philanthropists in the world and one of the wealthiest men who ever lived (http://www.carnegie.lib.oh.us/andrewcarnegie.htm)."
Tags: foundations, pensions, charities, philanthropists, wealthiest, industrial, military
Abstract This paper looks into the subject of morality and ethics as depicted by Henry Fielding in his novel ?Joseph Andrews?. The book seeks to discard the notions held by 18th century English society in connection with morality and thus offers a better and "more active" definition of the term. According to Fielding, morality was not solely connected with chastity and thus he highlights the importance of charity for attainment of "honor" and "respect". The paper objectively discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Fielding's views in connection with this subject and shows how the author conveyed his message through adept characterization.
From the Paper "When reading "Joseph Andrews", one needs to be very careful in order to be able to fully comprehend the messages, which exist between the lines and are not exactly put forth in obvious terms. In this book, which Henry Fielding described as an epic written in prose form, we find the plot and structure very similar to Greek and other ancient heroic tales with the only difference being that in this novel, the author has tried to dispel the notion that morality is strictly connected with chastity and religion. This is a very interesting highlight of Fielding's work, and one that made his writings stand out among heap of similar literary work during the Eighteenth century. In order to understand clearly what happens in Joseph Andrews and how characters represent morality or lack of it, it is important to first have some background information regarding the description of morality in the early Eighteenth century."
Tags: literature, eighteenth, century, england, society, upperclass, chastity
