Abstract
This paper argues that government regulation in the United States since the middle of the 1990's - at both the state and federal levels - has steadily limited the areas wherein individuals can consume tobacco products. The paper further points out that tough state excise taxes have made it increasingly difficult for consumers to afford such goods. At the federal level, the United States government has pursued a policy of embracing stiff fines for those who have the audacity to smoke in areas where they are not supposed to smoke. The paper also discusses how the government has attacked the capacity of US tobacco firms to market their products to consumers during the course of the past several years.

From the Paper
"The following paper will assert that government regulation in the United States since the middle of the 1990s - at both the state and federal levels - has steadily limited the areas wherein individuals can consume tobacco products; at the same time, tough state excise taxes have made it increasingly difficult for consumers to afford such goods however much they may want them. At the federal level, the United States government has pursued a policy of embracing stiff fines for those who have the audacity to smoke in areas where they are not supposed to smoke. With this matter..."

Tags:tobacco, united, states

Abstract
The paper discusses how the regulation of food and food products in the United States has been a concern since the 1950s when the federal government established the Food and Drug Administration to oversee food safety. The paper explains that the federal entity has had a profound effect on how food and food products can be advertised and marketed due to the documentation that must prove claims of ingredients and the labeling that is required by the federal organization.

Tags:regulation, ingredients, products

Abstract
The paper explores the concepts of corporate greed, corporate social responsibility and government regulation and oversight, and addresses how recent events brought the markets down in America and around the world in lieu of government regulation and oversight. The paper discusses how people are confusing the legal responsibility of the corporate world to provide consumers and investors with true and accurate business reporting with a moral or social responsibility to do so. The paper also highlights how the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) performs its legal oversight of corporate America without a true social conscience. The paper reaches the conclusion that the only solution is to take the social conscience out of business, so that it can be perceived for what it is: profit focused production and operations for which the consumer receives that which is purchased from that company. The paper emphasizes that consumerism, not social conscience, drives the success and the profitability of corporate America.

Outline:
Introduction
Corporate Social Responsibility
Government Oversight and Regulation of Publicly Traded Companies
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The responsibility of any publicly traded corporation is to the profit line, and to the shareholders who have invested in the business and who expect to realize a return on their investment. In the past two decades, however, corporate America has been called upon to take a more involved role in the overall welfare of society (Angelidis and Ibrahim, 1993). The pressure brought to bear on corporations by social groups and special interest groups caused the corporations to create codes of ethical standards, which in effect had little to do with the business of the corporation (Angelidis and Ibrahim, 1993). Many businesses have paid a special attention over the past two decades to the social impact of their production and business (Angelidis and Ibrahim, 1993).
"These expectations imposed upon Corporate America by the public has, Angelidis and Ibrahim say, left corporate America somewhat perplexed (1993, p. 7). Social conscience has not until recent times been a part of the corporate structure or responsibility. In America, the quid pro quo between society and consumers has always been the product or service produced by corporate America. The corporate social conscience, to the extent that we can tie social conscience and business together, has been largely satisfied by individuals whose fortunes arose from their business acumen pursued individual and private philanthropy."

Tags:capitalism, accountability, consumers, profit

Abstract
The paper discusses how free market economy versus government regulation have occupied the political debate in the United States for over 100 years. The paper explains how this debate is about the manner in which the country should govern institutions and consumers. The paper discusses how those in favor of free market economy, like Andrew Sullivan, argue that government should be small, regulations limited, and that the market can regulate itself.

From the Paper
"These two concepts, often mutually exclusive, have occupied the political debate in the United States for over 100 years. This debate is about the manner in which the country should govern institutions and consumers. Those in favor of free market economy, like Andrew Sullivan, argue that government should be small, regulations limited, and that the market can regulate itself. Those who support regulation recognize that markets are never free from corruption and, if left unchecked, it will lead to economic downturn and exploitation of consumers. This paper argues that the credit crisis and..."

Tags:credit, crisis, america

Abstract
This well-researched paper discusses the importance of domestic and international e-commerce in today's economy and the need for stricter governmental regulations in order for global commerce to fulfill its potential. In both the domestic and the international fields, most of those engaged in e-commerce favor a minimal approach to government regulation but concede that additional regulation is necessary for the efficient conduct of business across international boundaries.
Topics covered in this report include:
Customs and Taxation
Electronic Payment Systems
Legal Environment
Intellectual Property Protection
Privacy
Security
Telecommunications Infrastructure and Information Technology
Bibliography

From the Paper
"There are now methods of payment for goods and services over the Internet that link existing electronic banking and payment systems with new retail interfaces via the Internet. Private sector investment and competition is spurring innovations in this area. Despite the obvious need to ensure the safety of electronic payment systems, no policy is being developed at this time, and it is hoped that the market driven interests that are on the cutting edge of this technology will regulate itself."

Tags:marketing, globalization, international, domestic, business, finance, tax, government, regulation

Abstract
This paper explains that, in recent years, food and beverage cost, control from the standpoint of business management, has become increasingly significant to consumers, restaurants, other food and beverage entity owners and government agencies. The author points out that, in the past few decades, the American diet has undergone several changes and trends as the result of many sociological factors and technological advances, including the rage of health trends, the advent of new ways to preserve food and new health regulations applied to the modern processed food industry. The paper stresses that the food and beverage industry is one of the most competitive and lucrative markets worldwide.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Consumers and the Food and Beverage Industry
Business Management View of Cost Control for the Food and Beverage
Industry
Governmental Regulations and the Food and Beverage Industry
The Interrelation of Each Category within the Food and Beverage Industry
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Business managers, such as restaurant owners or food supply stores, have many unique challenges to meet. The food and beverage industry from their aspect can be best described as a monopolistic market structure in which many firms produce similar goods but each firm maintains some independent control of its own price. The barriers to entry in this type of industry are fairly low and new competitors can easily enter the market. This industry is very competitive, as members not only compete in pricing, but also in product taste, appearance, reputation, quality, enjoyment, and any other factors."

Tags:competitive, restaurant, lucrative, tests, modified

Abstract
This paper will seek to understand the market for housing and how the government controls the regulations, which are so affective in this area. By understanding how these regulations affect the pricing, and the way that housing is set up, we can see why the government intervention makes such a wave in these markets. With specific examples of the way that government works in this area, a better understanding of housing in American can be seen.

Abstract
This paper explains that proponents of globalization consider government intervention, in the form of economic regulation of the market and state ownership of strategic industries, as obstacles to market liberalization; the Australian government has been strongly influenced by neo-liberalism economic theory, resulting in government deregulation of the market. The author points out that, although its supporters argue otherwise, globalization is not a natural occurrence but rather the result of deliberate political and economic policy implemented by government. The paper stresses that globalization threatens democracy and the relevance of the nation state, results in fewer but larger corporations, rationalizes the downsizing of labor forces, de-skills the work force and replaces the democratic ideal of majority rule with that of minority reap.

From the Paper
"Globalization is promoted by the owners and controllers of capital; the captains of industry and commerce, management of multi national corporations, financial institutions and investment funds. It is this group that are advocates of market liberalization and market deregulation and privatization, as they consider such policies allow them the freedom to reduce costs by the efficient allocation of resources in order to maximize profit. Supporters of globalization are proponents of neo-liberalism economics. They believe that the market, free of tempering controls, is the best mechanism for the regulation of economic activity and the attainment of increased general living standards. Tariffs are viewed as a hindrance to trade and thus economic growth."

Tags:deregulation, workforce, privatization, minority, neo-liberalism

Abstract
This paper explains how the New Deal eliminated earlier concerns and conflicts between safety and productivity. The author states that this article recognizes the roles of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Farm Credit Administration (FCA) in the farmers' investment strategy and that the economic impact of government regulation interfered with market forces in ways that did not always benefit the economy of the country. The paper concludes, in terms of history, that the article shows that the past needs to be taken into account for both its successes and its failures, if things are to move forward in a significant way.

From the Paper
"Clarke makes several points to advance her argument. Firstly, she points out that high sales figures for tractors starting in World War I may be misleading, as they do not focus on the farmers who might potentially have bought tractors and did not. When calculating the relative number of farmers potentially benefiting from purchasing tractors, Clarke finds that fewer farmers in the Corn Belt than expected owned tractors in 1929. This advances the argument that economic factors led to reluctance to invest in new technology during this time. The author further reinforces the point by citing the farmers' tendency to protect assets due to the instability of commodity markets."

Tags:cash-flow, safety, fca, tractors, economic

Abstract
This paper discusses fraud by pharmaceutical companies. It discusses how pharmaceutical companies are monitored and investigated in the US by many government organizations and how they aim to prevent the fraud. The paper also examines federal laws such as the Federal Anti-Kickback Law and the False Claims Act and looks at how the government can enforce these laws.

Table of Contents:
Federal Anti-Kickback Law
False Claims Act
Prescription Drug Market Act
Examples of Government Enforcement Actions
Compliance Plans

From the Paper
"In October 2002, the Department of Health and Human Services stated that gifts, programs, and financial incentives to doctors could appear to be illegal kickbacks and that the companies could be charged with federal fraud and abuse laws. Currently there are several hundred fraud cases covering more than 500 drugs now under investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice under the False Claims Act. Since 2001 over 16 pharmaceutical companies have been charged with fraud including kickbacks, Medicaid rebate fraud, off-label marketing, and best price violations. Recently there have been increasing numbers of "whistleblowers" who have spoken up about pharmaceutical fraud. As of 2006, U.S. have recovered over 4 billion dollars from these fraudulent companies (Nolan & Auerbach, 2006)."

Tags:consumer, drugs, doctors, medication