Abstract
"Since AR is defined as the proportion of subjects in each group that is oriented and/ or confused the EER and CER are used to calculate the ARR which is the difference between the EER and CER. The experimental group has a larger oriented population while the controlled group has a lesser oriented population. The relative risk (RR) is the ratio of the risk of one group versus that of another group. The odd ratio (OR) was less for the controlled group and higher for the experimental group. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is half the OR."

From the Paper
Internal and External Design Validity Clinical Significance 1. Hypothetical Situation: +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Ambient Lighting | Control Group | Experimental group | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------| | Absolute Risk | 240 oriented/60 | 270 oriented/30 | | | confused | confused | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------| | Bright Light (ON) | .25 CER | .11 EER | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------|

Tags:questions, and, answers

Abstract
The paper examines Tomas Rivera's novel "And The Earth Did Not Devour Him" and his portrayal of powerful family images. The paper also looks at "The Children Were Victims," "Christmas Eve," "Little Children Burned" and "When We Arrive" and points out the themes of families, faith, hard work, hardship in the lives of the migrant Latinos. The paper points out that Rivera doesn't tell or lecture, and that makes his work more meaningful and memorable.

From the Paper
"Tomas Rivera's stories show the reader, they do not "tell" the reader. They do not preach, but they give a voice to their characters. In a literary sense, his stories relate not only to migrant workers, but also to the underdog everywhere. The stories stand on their own but they all weave themes of humans confronting suffering and prejudice with the strength of hope, love, and family bonds. It's a terrible shame that Rivera died at such a relatively young age (48), because one can only imagine how many more wonderful stories he may have written - even though his demanding profession and his high social status as the Chancellor of the University of California at Riverside did not allow an extraordinary amount of time for serious writing."

Tags:Latinos, Chicanos, migrants, family, hardship, faith

Abstract
This paper discusses "We Were Soldiers Once...and Young: We Were Soldiers Once... and Young: la Drang--The Battle That Changed the War in Vietnam," by General Harold G. Moore and reporter Joseph L. Galloway. The writer explains how both men had firsthand knowledge and experience of the events during the battle and were able to interview Vietnamese as well as American soldiers who had fought and survived the battle. The guidelines followed by the two authors, who met in 1983 to discuss the terms of writing the book, are also explained. The writer provides a brief synopsis of the book and discusses some of its themes, concluding that this book is one of the best books on military history every written.

From the Paper
"Each of the authors has reasons of their own for wanting to write this book. General Moore, who was shown throughout the book to be a man of honor and a man who was loyal to his troops, wanted to honor the men who served in the battle of Ia Drang Valley. He also wanted to show a view of war that was not glorified. He wanted the reader to experience the intense emotion, the intense fear and the intense drive to survive, at least as much that is possible through reading a book in the relative safety and comfort of a soft couch. General Moore was nothing if he was not a man of his word."

Tags:firefight, military, PAVN, historiography, battlefield, courage, discipline, heroism

Abstract
This paper discusses how although appearing much like a novel, Tomas Rivera's "And Earth Did Not Devour Him" reads like a bundle of narratives tied together. It looks at how the novel is structured into stories and vignettes characterized as temporal explorations of the narrator through Rivera's stream of consciousness style and how all of these fragments join together in Rivera's raw testimony about the plight of the Chicano farm workers and their solidarity in a quest for social justice, which was derived from Rivera's own personal experience.

From the Paper
"This technique used by Rivera is clearly influenced by William Faulkner and his famed stream of conscious styles found in such works as The Sound and the Fury and As I Lay Dying. Rivera, in the vignettes, threads together impressionistic pieces consisting of a stream of consciousness style whereby the character's unadorned thoughts are conveyed in a manner roughly equivalent to the way our minds actually work. John Mepham defines stream of consciousness as a style of writing that allows the reader a glimpse into the private thoughts of the character (1892). William Faulkner, in America, and James Joyce, in Europe, are thought to be the innovators of this technique that opens up the inner dialogues of the character's mind to the reader. Rivera uses the stream of consciousness stylistic form known as quoted narrated stream of consciousness that reveals the interior monologue of his anonymous narrator. "

Tags:Chicano, social, justice

Abstract
This paper compares the roles of the leading characters in three of Edgar Allan Poe's books, "The Imp of the Perverse", "The Black Cat "and "The Tell-Tale Heart". The paper notes that in all three books Poe connects a logical and rational argument with an irrational plot. The paper discusses how, without motive, the main characters exhibit all acts of evil while participating in horrific crimes. The paper concludes that the stories written by Edgar Allan Poe always combine the psychological with the supernatural, hinting at the connection between the human psyche and some hidden forces of the universe.

From the Paper
"Evil is therefore inextricably related to irrationality, and therefore almost uncontrollable. Although psychoanalysis had not been born yet in Poe's time, it is obvious that the writer's psychological investigation of evil is very deep. Poe recognizes the influence of the subconscious over the human reason, and many times, its overwhelming power. He compares the man sitting on the edge of a precipice with someone who is ready to plunge into his own irrationality and obey his darkest impulses: "And because our reason violently deters us from the brink, therefore do we the most impetuously approach it. There is no passion in nature so demoniacally impatient as that of him who, shuddering upon the edge of a precipice, thus meditates a plunge. To indulge, for a moment, in any attempt at thought, is to be inevitably lost."(Poe, 296) This simile between the free plunge into the abyss and the modern definition of the subconscious gulf underlying our minds reveals Poe as a predecessor of psychoanalysis."

Tags:ghastly, events, paradoxical, impulse, atrocities, supernatural

Abstract
In the course of nursing practice, nurses will frequently encounter female clients with eating orders and/or obesity. This is because there are so many people in our society who have these conditions. For example, we frequently hear that Western society has an obesity epidemic. This paper will argue that nurses should focus their practice on counselling women to accept and be happy with their bodies, while attempting to live a healthy lifestyle and take adequate exercise. Nurses should not be part of the system that coerces women to diet, with frequently devastating consequences.

Tags:obesity, eating, disorders

Abstract
The book "And the Earth Did Not Devour Him" by Tomas Rivera, is full of strange and haunting images. The writer shows how these images are found throughout the book, and contribute to the reader's understanding and the book's impact. However, at the very end of the novel there are images that have a particularly powerful significance in terms of the overall meaning of the book. This paper explores some of those images and their possible interpretations.

From the Paper
"When the last scene begins, the boy is under a house, playing hooky from school. As he lies there in the dark, many fragments of thoughts and recollections float through his mind. In a sense, he goes back over the whole book, showing the reader many of the scenes from a slightly different perspective. This is a clear signal from the author that what we are seeing in this scene has significance beyond just for this chapter."

Tags:haunting, mind, mexican

Abstract
This paper closely examines, evaluates and compares several after-care programs for inmates with HIV/AIDS, STDS, and/or TB. In particular, the research attempts to answer the following question: Are in-prison and after-care programs for inmates with HIV/AIDS, STDS, and TB adequate in meeting their medical needs?

From the Paper
"Implemented Continuum of Care Programs. A Rhode Island program is commonly considered to be one of the best continuum of care programs. The program, initiated by Brown University, Miriam Hospital, the Rhode Island Department of Corrections, and the Rhode Island Department of Health, provides care for inmates with HIV/AIDS in the correctional facility and continued care for them after their release. According to T.P. Dixon and associates (1993), the program includes about 40 community-based organizations and service providers, with comprehensive discharge planning and linkages to substantial community services, and is available to both HIV-positive inmates and high-risk but HIV-negative inmates."

Tags:prison, health, disease, convicted, service

Abstract
This paper briefly looks at the history of events that lead to the fall of the popularity of the Church and,finally, to its downfall. Examines the role of Rome in this train of events and discusses the ramification for the future of Christianity.

From the Paper
"This continued in spite of the fact that authorities, upon the pretext of perceiving such behavior as being unfair to other sects, tried to apprehend this as far as possible. By and by, with Christians refusing to go through the formalities of paying homage to the emperor and refusing to appear when they were called upon to join the army, this conflict continued to rise and surge, eventually leading the inevitable inception of the socio-political platform idealistically shaped for the fall of the church (How Rome Became the Center of the Christian World, 2003)."

Tags:rome, christianity, catholic, reform

Abstract
The paper analyzes and reviews "And Then There Were None" by Agatha Christie. The writer suggests that, in the book Christie seems to be commenting not only on the social injustice of the caste system in England, but also on how it is so ingrained in society that everyone adheres to it, no matter what.

From the Paper
"The author also shows this in Vera's seemingly compulsive need to let everyone know she is an employee, rather than a guest. She immediately indicates she is a "lesser" being than the guests, and there to serve them, although she does not even know how at the beginning of the story. England's society is based on societal levels and the book helps the reader understand how important they are to English people. Americans may not understand their need to categorize people into societal levels, but at least they will understand how it works a little better by reading this book. It also shows there is something decidedly different about all the guests, which makes the reader want to continue on and discover just what it is."

Tags:strict, caste, system, compulsive, societal, frontier, justice