Abstract The paper analyzes how the 1989 case of Ryan White, a patient who was given an AIDS contaminated blood transfusion in an emergency room, subsequently causing his death, began to create a growing anxiety for patients relating to emergency room care. The paper further analyzes how the United States will face a serious nursing and physician shortage in the next decade because of an increase in retirements; job dissatisfaction; and the aging 70 million members of the baby boomer generation. The paper concludes that Americans have reason to wonder if the care that they will receive in hospital emergency rooms will be adequate.
An examination of the relationship between anxiety disorders & substance abuse and whether substance abuse can be viewed as a product of anxiety disorders.
Abstract The paper questions whether there is any evidence that increased levels of anxiety result in a higher incidence of substance abuse. People who are very anxious may consume larger quantities of alcohol, smoke more heavily or resort to drugs as a way of self medication in treating an anxiety disorder. The paper relates that the higher the levels of self-reported anxiety,the more difficult it is to complete a treatment program, with the possibility that the person will return to the disorder of abuse on completing the program. The paper continues and discusses subtle affinities of anxiety disorders with that of substance abuse, by indicating that there are minor differences between the amount of abuse by alcoholics who have anxiety disorders, and those that do not. This indicates that anxiety disorders are an independent factor in the study of substance abuse.
From the Paper "However, trait anxiety levels were positively correlated with negative substance abuse consequences, i.e., relapses even after treatment. Trait anxiety levels were also negatively correlated with the number of days an individual spent in treatment. In other words, the more anxiety problems that an individual experienced, the more likely it was that they would be substance abusers and the longer it would take for that individual to successfully complete the treatment program. Additionally, both state and trait anxiety levels were positively correlated with the level of addiction that the individual expressed, as measured and documented by the researchers (O'Leary et al., 2000). The implication of this finding is obvious: the higher the level of anxiety that an individual experience--in other words, the greater the possibility of an anxiety disorder--the more likely it would be for that individual to have a greater substance abuse problem."
Abstract This paper examines how anxiety is a recognized psychological condition that can have corresponding physical and emotional side effects. It looks at how in individuals susceptible to anxiety, including its manifestation in its extreme form of anxiety attacks, the impact of anxiety can have serious corresponding stress and lead to detrimental quality-of-life. This paper offers a study guide to a dissertation on anxiety.
From the Paper "Anxiety is a recognized psychological condition that can have corresponding physical and emotional side effects. In individuals susceptible to anxiety, including its manifestation in its extreme form of anxiety attacks, the impact of anxiety can have serious corresponding stress and lead to detrimental quality-of-life. Strategies for reducing anxiety are frequently recommended by mental health professionals, but testing for the effectiveness of these strategies is frequently ignored in the clinical research. In order to identify whether self-meditative anxiety relief strategies are effective, a qualitative case study is proposed to determine whether academic anxiety can be reduced or eliminated through this particular form of anxiety relief. "
Abstract This paper discusses how Freud contended that neurotics are no different than normal individuals and how his observations of neurotics led him to draw the conclusion that there exists a mental connection between neuroses, symptoms, and anxiety, which all played a profound role in the causation of a neurosis. In order to understand his position, this paper investigates how a neurosis is formed in the psychical mind, what role anxiety plays, and how the symptoms of neuroses cause sufferers to lead an isolated and neurotic life.
From the Paper "Freud also produces another example to further maintain that sufferers of a neurosis hold a neurotic attitude towards life. In this case the traumatic experience occurred during the adult life of a patient. The example surrounds the experiences of a young woman and her husband where he had succumbed to a condition of impotency on the night of their wedding. The husband, ashamed of his inability to perform sexually soon separated from the wife. During the next few months following the separation, the wife performed a series of rituals, such as mimicking her husband on the night of their wedding by running from one room to the other. The ritual concluded when she placed a red strain on the tablecloth in one of the rooms and then called the maid over to bare witness. This red stain in the wife's perspective represented the successful consummation of the marriage. Freud contends that the obsessional behaviour was the result of a fixation to the traumatic event. The purpose of the stain was to prove to the maid as well as herself that her husband was a strong and virile man, and though he had left her, deserved the undying devotion and faithfulness that she bestowed upon him. "
Abstract In this article, the effects of anxiety in the workplace are examined. The writer discusses how anxiety and stress affect organizational communication. The writer looks at the management responses to stress and the importance of recognizing real and current sources of anxiety. Further, the writer discusses the impact of 9/11 on employee anxiety.
From the Paper "Whatever else the events of September 11 were they were also and specifically an assault on and destruction of the environment of the everyday workplace. In the system of capitalist economic organization, holding a job is among the most fundamental of experiences for members of society and within any organization involved in that system the demands of most forms of employment are undoubtedly compelling enough for most people, without the added element of physical danger deliberately imposed from the outside. The event heralded dramatic and irrevocable change that was plainly ... "
Abstract This well-researched paper examines the rising numbers of people diagnosed with various forms of generalized anxiety disorders. According to the National Institute of Mental Health generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) are one of the most common mental illnesses in the U.S. with more than 23 million people diagnosed each year. This paper details various varieties of anxiety disorders which fall under the heading of GAD, including: Panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder. This paper details the causes and symptoms of GAD as well as the available effective treatments which include: medication, specific forms of psychotherapy known as behavioral therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, or a combination of medication and non-medication therapies. This paper also cites the results of a specific case study which ascertained the relative value of medication combined with traditional group therapy versus cognitive therapies alone in treating GAD.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Procedure/Method
Review of the Literature
Summary
References
From the Paper "To ascertain the relative value of medication combined with traditional group therapy vs. cognitive therapies alone in treating generalized anxiety disorder, two groups of young to middle-aged groups were initiated. Each group began with four members, drawn from clients of an Employee Assistance Program; all had developed generalized anxiety disorder after being transferred or otherwise coming under the supervision of various types of ineffective, antisocial, overbearing or micromanaging bosses. All of the participants were looking for other employment, but all had to cope with the situation as is in the meantime; with a soft job market, none expected to be able to wait it out without help and also, many had expressed a need to overcome the anxiety to make the job search possible."
This paper analyzes and examines anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder, including treatments available and recommendations for improving the awareness of these disorders.
Abstract Anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder are two of the most devastating psychological illnesses. Providing a concise and detailed overview of the various types of anxiety disorders and the different stages of bipolar disorder, as well as a discussion of treatment options, the author argues that while improvements have been made to the treatment and understanding of these illnesses, further improvements are necessary, including the integration of drug therapy and psychotherapy.
From the Paper "Despite the increasing awareness, education, knowledge, treatment, and understanding of psychological disorders, there is still no clear-cut, quick fix, and uniform method available to diagnose and/or eliminate (or at least reduce) mental illnesses and psychological disorders. Anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder are two of the most common mental illnesses that prevent an individual from functioning normally. While most individuals may arguably prefer to remain ignorant of the existence of anxiety disorders and/or bipolar disorder, the fact is that more than 23 million individuals suffer from anxiety disorders (Harvard, 1) while more than 3 million individuals suffer from bipolar disorder (Hollandsworth)."
Abstract This paper looks at the Gestalt theory, pioneered by Max Wertheimer in 1924, which attempts to examines the underlying causes of things by going back to the basic principles of science instead of just looking at something on its surface. In particular, it analyzes how it may be helpful in treating patients who have been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder or some other form of social phobia or antisocial behavior. It attempts to explain the both the theory and the disorder and then tie them together in order to clearly understand how the theory can be used in the modification of behavior in individuals with social anxiety and how many individuals can be helped and freed from the self-imposed prison that their disorder has created.
From the Paper "Those therapists who use Gestalt theory in the modern day often feel that it is very helpful in treating all kinds of anxiety and depression. Naturally, it is not the only therapy that is used, as existential, psychoanalytic, and behavioral therapies, among others, are also popular with anxiety and depression troubled individuals. It is, however, one of the leading therapies used for aging patients who have difficulty coping with the losses that often come with living a long time such as poor health, the death of a spouse, or unexpected parenting of grandchildren (Solomon, 1996). It is also popular with many other age groups and many different types of anxiety, including social anxiety."
Abstract From time to time, everyone feels a little anxious when they need to talk in front of people. However, some people are so anxious that it hinders them greatly. A person sits in front of the telephone and agonizes because she's afraid to pick up the receiver and make a call, a man finds it difficult to walk down the street because he is self-conscious and feels that people are watching from their windows. By explaining what social anxiety is, where it possibly comes from, and how we can treat it, this paper presents a better understanding of the people who are shy and why they act the way they act.
From the Paper "Shy people, particularly if they are interacting with a socially confident person, anxiously focus on themselves rather on the person or the conversation. The outcome of this is that they usually forget what they were talking about. Shy individuals report more negative thoughts about themselves in social interactions, seeing themselves as inhibited, awkward, unfriendly and incompetent, particularly with people whom they are sexually attracted to. Ten to twenty percent of shy individuals may also lack basic social skills. This may mean that they don?t know what to say or do, how to do so, and when best to respond. Ratings have shown that some shy individuals talk less, initiate fewer topics of conversation, touch themselves nervously and show fewer facial expressions."
Tags:anxiety, disorder, focus, phobia, self, shyness, social
Abstract This paper presents Sigmund Freud's views on overeating due to anxiety. The paper reviews Freud's concepts of the ego, id, superego and the unconscious and applies them to this situation. The paper also considers Freud's theories on the role of the libido.
Abstract This paper focuses on the issue of college students who drink, suffer from social phobia or from a social anxiety disorder. The paper attempts to determine the percentage of students suffer from social phobia and that routinely drink heavily at social functions, in order to possibly provide intervention programs for these students.
A discussion and analysis of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) that was signed by Congress in 1967 as a method of addressing the arbitrary policies that many industries had in the country relating to older workers.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, 2006, $ 71.95
Abstract This paper presents an overview of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), explaining that it specifically relates to workers of age 40 and older, as Congress believed that this was the age when there was the most evidence of age discrimination. The paper explains that the ADEA directly focuses on a number of issues that affect concerns of age discrimination. These issues include the hiring of employees, the promotion of employees, the salaries of employees and the ability of the company to discharge workers. The paper further explains that the Act discusses the publication of materials for workers that relates to their employment and how these publications may have a direct impact on the interpretation of the ADEA in courts.
Abstract This paper studies the problematic age of legal consent in the United States in general and Maryland specifically. It analyzes the importance of maturity in making this decision and argues that maturity and reason is not necessarily decided by age. The author sees that the law seems to divert focus to age rather than to consent. It gives an example of a story about minors having consensual sex but not necessarily willingly. It concludes that children who are immature should be protected from rash decisions in order to make sure they don't get emotionally and physically scarred.
From the Paper "Here's something you probably didn?t know, boys and girls! According to the ?Legal Age of Consent Website,? the legal age of consent in the state of Maryland is fifteen. In layperson's terms this means that before the age of fifteen, even if you want to say ?yes, yes, yes,? a la Meg Ryan in ?When Harry Met Sally,? certain rules and restrictions may apply. This is reasonable, correct? After all, you are minors. You all have certain special legal protections and privileges (Such as making sure your legal guardian gives you bread, McDonald's milkshakes, and board. Such as the fact mall security noticed those platform shoes you just happened to walk out of Delia's with won"t be a part of your permanent record). Why shouldn"t the law also reserve an interest in protecting you from your own potential lapses in judgment so you can better become a happy and healthy adult? The image of a fifteen-year-old-girl dating a college student probably not only seems like a huge lapse to your parents and to the world at large but to many of your own minds as well."
Abstract This paper defines and clarifies the debate over different types of aging. Starting with the revolutionary work of Havighurst in the late 1960's and incorporating research from the present day, this paper defines the three central components of aging: physiological, psychological (cognitive), and social. Numerous examples of both successful and unsuccessful aging across all three components are described, and backed by empirical research. No clear "recipe" for successful aging can be given, but this paper is a thorough and modern overview of this facet of psychology as it stands today.
From the Paper "In the late 16th century the Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon set out on a quest to discover the fountain of youth. Intruding into uncharted and hostile Indian Territory, de Leon was struck dead by an arrow to his heart, at the age of 47. Today millions of Americans and billions worldwide are experiencing the golden years that evaded De Leon. But does older age necessarily equate to 'golden years'? Since at least the 1960s gerontologists have been developing conceptual frameworks, called schema, to describe ideal outcomes of the aging process. One of the most commonly used terms to describe good old age is "successful aging", often attributed to R.J. Havighurst (1961). This concept lies at the core of the practice of gerontology; the Havighurst article appeared as the first conceptual piece in the first issue of the discipline's prime publication, The Gerontologist. Defining 'successful' aging has been an issue of debate ever since. However, a complete definition must include at least three components: physiological, psychological (or cognitive), and social. It also must be able to be clearly distinguished from the opposite end of the spectrum, namely, 'unsuccessful' aging."
Tags:age, alzheimer, cognitive, development, developmental, geriatric, geriatrics, gerontology, havinghurst, old
Discusses the inevitability of aging and some of the changes that come along with aging as well as optimistic and hopeful philosophy that should be applied to the aging process.
Abstract This paper presents a philosophy of aging that emphasizes hope and commitment. Positive outcome of aged people staying productive, busy and engaged in meaningful ways. Importance of helping older individuals live in dignity in the final stage of their lives.
From the Paper "Aging is inevitable and is accompanied by many challenges and opportunities. Most elderly people, even those fortunate enough to live in advanced countries where high quality medical care is readily available and easily affordable, experience some decline in their physical functionality. Most also experience a series of losses that can include the loss of a spouse or partner, of friends, of an occupation that has helped to define the individual and of a certain amount of autonomy.Even among the healthy and somewhat..."
