Abstract
The paper discusses how collaboration is an essential element in nursing since nurses work as part of a multidisciplinary team, and it is actually a complex process that involves good interpersonal communication skills as well as knowledge of group dynamics. The paper explains that a baccalaureate degree is to be preferred over a nursing diploma but there are situations where the presence of an advance practice nurse is needed to ensure effective collaboration. The paper discusses how the problem with lower levels of education is not lack of understanding of an issue or problem related to practice but a failure to understand the nature of collaboration. The paper relates that collaboration can result in helpful recommendations from peers as well as positive feedback (Morgan, 2006). The paper also notes that the level of education is important but when diploma and baccalaureate nurses as well as nurses who are trained at the master's level work collaboratively, they all share equal responsibility for improve patient outcomes (Patel & Moch).

From the Paper
"Collaboration is an essential element in nursing since nurses work as part of a multidisciplinary team. Collaboration is actually a complex process that involves good interpersonal communication skills as well as knowledge of group dynamics. A baccalaureate degree is to be preferred over a nursing diploma but there are situations where the presence of an advance practice nurse is needed to ensure effective collaboration. The problem with lower levels of education is not lack of understanding of an issue or problem related to practice but a failure to understand the nature of..."

Tags:education, collaboration, impact

Abstract
This paper explains how on-line collaboration makes it possible for people to transfer information anywhere in seconds. It describes how users in certain local area networks and other networks are capable of communicating with each other through their PC by swapping files and e-mails in text files and other files. It also includes a list of software for use in online collaboration. It discusses how the company can ensure "integration" and "appropriate use" factors of this tool, online collaboration.

From the Paper
"Online Collaboration bases the system on what have been started by the earlier PC networking system. Users in certain local area and other network are capable to communicate each other on their PC by swapping files and mails in text file, although during the early time it was limited to text data in small size. As technology has developed more sophisticated facilities, it is possible for people to use the complete system to transfer information anywhere in seconds, enabling people to cut time and travel and having the whole work, outline, discussions and commands transferred through the wire. People are dependant on computers to connect to each other nowadays. With the emergence of the internet, many industries will find an open door to spread the news and support the growth to anywhere in the world. Controlling the whole world's business will need the most effective way to unite people in the entire organization. The technology has offered its capability to contact a group of people and bring them in a forum where they can chat, send messages, transfer file, and perform exactly like what they do on a traditional meeting, only this one is done through the net."

Tags:on-line, collaboration, PC, networking, system, local, area, technology, users, transfer, information

Abstract
In this paper, three journal articles are critiqued that relate to the general topic of improving collaboration between parents and professionals. The author aims to study methods for improving collaboration in a CPSE program for disabled children. The paper notes that these studies generally review earlier research or explain the methodology used to involve parents in surveys aimed at improving collaboration.

From the Paper
"There is a lack of collaboration between parents and educators in a CPSE program for disabled children with learning delays (ages 3-5). The purpose of my study will be to identify methods for improving the level of collaboration and as a result the quality of services for these children. The approach will be qualitative rather than quantitative. Rather than quantifying the size of the problem the goal, as it is in the three articles reviewed, is to identify and implement solutions."

Tags:disabilities, collaboration, research

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses leadership in terms of collaboration and conflict resolution in social work dealing with parents and children.

From the Paper
"One of the key responsibilities of any successful leader centers on fostering collaboration within a business team a unit a division or an entire organization. James Kouzes and Barry Posner suggest that to foster collaboration leaders must create a climate of trust and facilitate relationships. They assert as well that collaboration is a critical competency for achieving and sustaining high performance With multiple constituencies come diverse and frequently conflicting interests. As paradoxical as it might seem leadership is more essential when collaboration is required."

Tags:leadership, social work, conflict, collaboration

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the definition and usage of collaboration in nursing and healthcare. An exemplar format is used in order to provide a clear practical meaning to the information given. The exemplar demonstrates the ways in which collaboration in nursing can be used to provide better quality of care for the patient and increase the support network available to the nursing staff. The writer maintains that the concept of collaborative patient-centered care in the primary health care setting is essential to ensure that the patient receives optimal treatment. The writer concludes that collaboration not only provides a better quality of care to the patient, but also ensures that every member of the health care team is acknowledged as a valued contributor.

Outline:
Introduction
Defining Collaboration
Defining Attributes
Model Case
What the Concept is Not
Conclusions

From the Paper
"Although there are various perspectives apparent for the concept of collaboration, this piece will concentrate on the concept from the perspective of patient-centered care. From the literature review it is possible to compile a set of defining attributes for the concept of collaboration. These characteristics are reflective of the ways in which the parties involved interact to meet a common purpose. Firstly, collaboration involves the establishment of a common purpose to all parties involved. There should be a clear definition of the various roles which each party will take to achieve this purpose. Each member taking part in the collaboration should be respected as a valued partner in the collaboration. Each partner's knowledge and skills should be respected and utilized, with every partner participating in achieving the purpose. It is only if all of these defining attributes are met that the concept of collaboration is achieved as opposed to simply referral."

Tags:patient, care, benefits, contributor

Abstract
The paper explains that collaboration is a complex way in which people work together on a specific issue sharing ideas, values, commitments and goals. The paper discusses how collaboration with others does not mean that differing opinions and approaches to a situation are not expressed-all collaborators come together to share their experience knowledge and thoughts and from this sharing solutions to existing issues are determined and revealed. The paper looks at six common characteristics of collaboration that can be witnessed in every success attempt, specifically, common purpose, clinical competence, interpersonal competence, humor, trust and valuing and respecting of diverse, complementary knowledge. The paper also explains that collaboration differs from consultation in that the process of asking and seeking advice from others is not a means of shared ideas-consultation is about finding answers to fill the medical professional's shortcomings.

From the Paper
"Collaboration is a complex way in which people work together on a specific issue sharing ideas, values, commitments and goals. Collaboration with others does not mean that differing opinions and approaches to a situation are not expressed--all collaborators come together to share their experience knowledge and thoughts and from this sharing solutions to existing issues are determined and revealed. There are six common characteristics of collaboration that can be witnessed in every success attempt, they are--common purpose, clinical competence, interpersonal..."

Tags:staues, np, supervision

Abstract
The paper explains how collaboration in nursing requires a partnership of health professionals, from various fields, in developing nursing objectives, strategies and measures. The paper looks at the definition, requirements and criteria of nursing collaboration and shows how it enhances the effectiveness of health programs and initiatives. The paper concludes that there should be a recognition that nursing collaboration is a necessity in nursing professional practice.

Outline:
Introduction
Significance
The Concept of Collaboration in Nursing
Defining Criteria
Cases in Point
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In recent years, there has been an emphasis on the need to create collaborative education, training and partnerships in health care. One of the health professions that has recognized the importance of this advocacy are the nursing professionals. The Canadian Nursing Informatics Association (2002) considers this response as an indication of the intimacy the profession with health care and at the same time is an indication of the importance of nursing in health professions. Furthermore, Karuhije (2002) suggests that collaborative nursing enhances perceptions of competence, sensitivity and responsiveness which in turn can enhances confidence of patients for health programs and personnel."

Tags:partnerships, multidisciplinary, approach, competencies

Abstract
The paper relates that in recent years, advances in research have helped educators realize the importance of individualized instruction programs (IEPs) for students with disabilities. The paper discusses how a big part of supporting IEPs in the classroom involves teacher/student collaboration, as one team of experts put it, "collaboration really begins at the classroom level" (Thurlow, Elliott & Ysseldyke, 2002, p. 160). This paper provides a summary of findings of a classroom observation focusing on teacher/student collaboration in this area. More exactly, the current study shows how one special education teacher (Jane) collaborated with students to support IEP measurable annual goals.

From the Paper
"In recent years, advances in research have helped educators realize the importance of individualized instruction programs (IEPs) for students with disabilities. A big part of supporting IEPs in the classroom involves teacher/student collaboration. That is, as one team of experts put it, "collaboration really begins at the classroom level" (Thurlow, Elliott & Ysseldyke, 2002, p. 160). It follows that the following discussion provides a summary of findings of a classroom observation focusing on teacher/student collaboration in this area. More exactly, the current..."

Tags:iep, dyad, special ed

Abstract
The paper evaluates the effects intersectoral collaboration have on nursing retention programs in general and on Canadian nursing staff in particular. The paper discusses how collaborative initiatives have been shown to improve nursing retention rates many times as well as improving the ability of all practitioners to deliver healthcare services more effectively and efficiently. The paper discusses how nurses are going to remain in short supply in the foreseeable future and the Canadian healthcare system is going to need to use all the tools in its management repertoire to meet these shortfalls. The paper concludes that intersectoral collaboration, based on an improved sense of interdisciplinary collaboration, was shown to be a viable approach to improving the delivery of healthcare services today.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Today, there are a number of frameworks and concepts available to describe the working relationships between medicine and nursing. According to Coombs (2004), "At present, the most frequently cited concept in health care policy and literature is that of 'collaboration,' meaning 'to labor together': although alternative definitions are offered that imply a willingness to co-operate with one's enemy" (p. 11). For the purposes of this study, though, collaboration assumes the more relevant definition of being "non-hierarchical in nature and a cooperative venture based on shared power and authority. It assumes power based on a knowledge base or expertise as opposed to power shared on role or function" (Coombs, 2004, p. 11). A more popular term, "interdisciplinary," is also frequently used to describe a level of collaboration requiring joint development of a plan of care with healthcare professionals pooling their expertise."

Tags:partnership, together, workers, healthcare

Abstract
This paper discusses the situation of the Allied powers in early December 1941 and the United States' decision to focus on "Europe first," which led, after some opposition from the United States Joint Chiefs, to the North African Campaign. The writer describes the situation in Northwest Africa, which was completely under European, mostly French, control at the time, and explains that the only way into Africa was through one of the few French artificial ports, most notable of which was Casablanca. As the French were less likely to resist American forces than British, Operation Torch was mainly commanded by U.S. officers, notably General Patton. The writer describes the preparations for the assault as well as the assault itself, and concludes that Operation Torch was extremely successful since, with casualties of only about 1% of the landing force, Morocco succumbed in less that four days.

From the Paper
"Why North Africa? The British already had a vested interest in controlling the Suez Canal, a vital point for both sides of the conflict. Since the autumn of 1940 the Eighth Army had fought a successful battle against combined Italian and German forces, but the tide was on the brink of turning. Rommel, commander of the German Afrika Korps, was able to retake the initiative after the seizure of Tobruk in June, 1942. This seizure gave him a direct line of supply from the Balkans, through Nazi occupied Crete, and into Tobruk. With this vital life line, Rommel and the Afrika Korps were able in July to punch deep into Egypt, stopping only at El 'Alamein due to thinning supply lines."

Tags:Japan, Pacific Fleet, Roosevelt Rommel, Marshall Plan, amphibious Vichyist collaboration