Abstract
This paper analyzes Shumann's work, "Carnaval". The author uses modulation analysis, chordal analysis as well as historical biography of Schumann's life to examine this piece of music. Charts are included.

From the Paper
"Florestan and Eusebius were the two alter ego personalities that Schumann created in Carnaval. In the two pieces, "Eusebius" and "Florestan," Schumann's use of harmony shows true instability in each personality. Each represented a different aspect of Schumann's own personality and took on a character of its own, both in Schumann's mind as well as in his music. In the two selections from Carnaval, Schumann uses harmonies and tempos to depict the two personalities. This study will serve to show the contrasting features of each alter ego through an examination in harmony and tempo. This study will look into the effectiveness of the chordal structure and tempo changes and how they represent each alter ego personality."

Tags:alter, ego15, music

Abstract
In this paper, an analysis of Chuck Palahniuk's messianic character is represented in the dual personality of Jack and his alter ego, Tyler Burden. By realizing the tendency toward a messianic urge in the growing disgust of Jack as victim of American consumer culture and corruption; Tyler Burden becomes his alter ego seeking to destroy American culture though the example of Christ's crucifixion. The archetype of the messianic figure is ever present in this novel with Tyler's desire to cleanse humanity of corruption and sin through fight club's anarchist terrorism.

From the Paper
Analyzing Apostolic Fiction in the Messianic Characterizations of Chuck Palahniuk's Fight Club This study will analyze the role of messianic characterization in the novel Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk. The main character, Jack, is a messianic figure that is founded through a split ego personality, which provides him the necessary invention and leadership of Tyler Burden to invent fight club. However, the messianic overtones of Fight Club revolve around his desire to thwart the materialism of American society, which acts as a recruiting ground for various apostolic followers in the club. In essence, Palahniuk creates the Jack/Tyler personality as a messianic

Tags:fight, club, palahniuk

Abstract
This paper explains that, although "The Glass Menagerie" centers its attention on Tom, another character, Laura Wingfield, Tom's sister, emerges as a powerful individual in the story. The author points out that establishing Laura's character takes more than physically describing her deficiencies, such as her being crippled. Laura is also characterized as a woman who has lost all hope of attaining a wonderful life in being a wife and mother. The paper relates that author Williams achieves self-actualization through Laura's character in the same way that Tom and Laura finally free themselves from their emotional burdens in the play, "The Glass Menagerie".

From the Paper
"Laura's low regard for herself is not only developed within her but also by the people who are with her, especially Amanda, her mother, and Tom. This observation is expressed among critics who have illustrated Laura's character as "symbolic", i.e., laden with hidden meanings meaningful only to Williams. Indeed, she is identified as the character who is "burdened by self-consciousness", experiences a "sense of worthlessness", and "yearning for " ideal or mystical beauty and spiritual or romantic love" absolute emotional and artistic fulfillment". The third symbolic description of Laura, which pertains to her inherent likeness for "mystical beauty" is symbolically represented by her fascination of her glass collection, considering them as objects that compensate for her imperfection."

Tags:glass, crippled, self-actualization, emotion, burden

From the Paper
"James Baldwin (1924-1987) wrote his first novel, Go Tell It
On the Mountain, when he was only 29 years old. This research is an analysis of John, who is Baldwin's alter ego in this autobiographical work. By exploring the character of John, concentrating on his relationship to his father, it is possible to see how the author grew up in Harlem, and how he gained his maturity.

"Everyone had always said that John would be a preacher when he grew up, just like his father" (11). A good part of John's persona in the early section of the novel is his coming to grips with his father's religious beliefs. Since John is a surrogate for the actual Baldwin, it is not difficult to see in the young boy the growing intellectuals rejection of the church's beliefs, and how this affects the rapport with his father."

Abstract
This paper explains that the human collective shadow is traits, which represent the collective experience of people's alter egos or darker sides that become the collective cultural shadow. The author points out that the archetypal, which is the antithesis of the collective shadow, is the way in which the collective culture tends to perceive itself without being aware of the dark shadow. The paper describes the archetypal of Western culture and the ways it has changed over time.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Collective Shadow
The Archetype

From the Paper
"It is from these unrealistic archetypal images that, during the 1960s, the darker shadow side of American culture began to clash with. The result was the counter cultural revolution of the 1960s, wherein young people went to seemingly great extremes to look and behave opposite the archetypal image, which soon became known as "the establishment." At a point in American history, during the years of the Vietnam Conflict, it would have served Americans well to have found a way to blend the archetypal with the new; but that did not occur. "

Tags:psychopathic, alter egos, disenfranchised patriarchal, counter cultural revolution

Abstract
This paper reviews the book, "Woman Warrior," written by Maxine Hong Kingston. The paper examines how Kingston uses dream and fantasy to tell her story. The paper explains that, for Kingston, dreams and fantasies are equally as important as real-life narratives, which only provide a sliver of the truth and a partial rendering of a person's experiences. The paper contends that all people spend a considerable number of hours dreaming, and Kingston's approach to memoirs honors and respects this essential aspect of human existence. The paper explains that dreams mirror and reflect our psychic impressions of daily life, and they offer insight into our egos, alter-egos, hopes, and fears.

From the Paper
""Night after night my mother would talk-story until we fell asleep. I couldn't tell where the stories left off and the dreams began, her voice the voice of heroines in my sleep," (19). Maxine Hong Kingston's surreal memoir Woman Warrior weaves between dream life and waking reality, especially in the two chapters "White Tigers" and "Shaman." In these two chapters of the book, Kingston includes the rich imagery, content, and themes of her dreams, nightmares, and fantasies to more clearly illustrate her mundane daily experiences as a Chinese immigrant in the United States. In many ways her dreams more accurately reflect her psychological development, dreams, and desires than her real-life narratives do."

Tags:dream, white, tiger, shaman

Abstract
This paper discusses the characters Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, and Herakles from Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red", explaining their alter egos in mythology.

From the Paper
"Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red" features the names Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryon's red dog Geryoneis and Herakles. Carson did not invent these figures, they have a reality outside her fiction. Stesichorus, for example, was a ...th-century poet whose name means chorus master. Inspired by Homer, he specialized in long narrative poems having mythological themes and wrote similar stories such as "The Wooden Horse" and "The Capture of Troy". Stesichorus is said to have been struck blind for writing a..."

Tags:Ann Carson, Autobiography of Red, Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, Herakles

Abstract
The paper examines how in the movie "Batman" there is the portrayal of the split self in both the protagonist, Batman, and the antagonist, the Joker. The paper shows how the alter ego of Batman is disguised and hides the personal self, as a method of protection. The paper also highlights how, although Batman maintains a sense of connectedness to the world, he still cannot live a normal life as the persona of Bruce Wayne.

From the Paper
"As portrayed in the movie Batman (1989), Bruce Wayne's psychological dramatic experience of witnessing the death of his parents as a child causes a split between his alter ego, his major identity as a hero, and his real persona of Bruce Wayne that is below the surface of his masked hero identity. Even though he has become intimate with Vicki, he can't bear to share this pain with her or anyone else. In the book Heroes and Villains, Mike Alsford points out that "in order for Batman to survive, he must keep his distance from ordinary people"(137). This distancing can be seen in Batman's psychological cathartic expression when on the night after he has sex with Vicki, he memorializes the death of his father and mother by laying two long-stemmed roses in the alleyway where they were both murdered."

Tags:alter, ego, persona, Joker, super-hero, feelings, ideals

Abstract
This paper relates that, in David Fincher's film "Fight Club", the protagonist is the "Narrator", a contemporary "everyman" who exhibits symptoms of urban loneliness and existential angst in a materialistic and meaningless society. The author relates that the film descends into violence and brutality as the character Tyler Durden, head of the "Fight Club", feels more alive fighting other males who also feel emasculated by contemporary culture. The author believes that Durden appears to be the alter-ego of the Narrator, someone who feels genuinely and has abandoned the superficial and materialistic pursuits of contemporary society and culture. The paper expresses that the filmmaker is attempting to provide a warning to viewers in contemporary society that if people do not redefine their identity through something more meaningful than materialism or macho notions of masculinity, society will erupt into chaos and violence.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Body
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The inability to define identity or connect with spirituality leads the members of the "Fight Club" to beat each other, engage in random acts of violence and destruction, and to ultimately plan for major destruction of society. These men have lost hope in contemporary society and its values to provide them with meaning or identity. Instead, they have become unable to feel or express spirituality because of living in a world where who you are is often defined by what you own or how much money you make. As Durden explains at one point, "You're not your job."

Tags:everyman, loneliness, materialistic, violence, alter-ego

Abstract
This paper explains that James Lasdun is one writer who seems fascinated with the idea of repression; many of the stories in his book "Besieged" deal with the subject of repression. The author points out that the story, "Ate/Menos or the Miracle", shows how repression can be a means of finding freedom from controls. The paper concludes that Lasdun seems to be suggesting that the ego is a necessary means of control and that, when the man gains freedom through his alter ego, he actually loses all freedom because he is no longer in control of himself.

From the Paper
"In "Ate/Menos or The Miracle" the main character finds himself mistaken for another man by an older woman. He chooses to make use of the mistaken identity and assumes the identity of the other man for his own selfish reasons. Essentially, assuming the identity of the other man allows him to fulfill his basic wants and desires and sleep with the woman. It is not coincidence that Lasdun chooses an older woman for the story, since sexual repression is often regarded as being related to an individual's parents. As one source notes, "Freud believes that psychopathological symptoms often result from repressed sexual and aggressive feelings about one's parents". In choosing to sleep with the woman, the woman actually becomes a replacement mother figure for the man. The desire to sleep with her combines with seeing her as a mother figure. This results in the inner conflict, where the man's instincts are harming the ego. The harmful impulse that occurs is the man's desire to sleep with his mother. Since this impulse is harmful to his ego, it becomes repressed so that the man does not allow it to enter consciousness."

Tags:character, freedom, control, ego, alter