From the Paper "This research examines allegations in 1994 against Hillary Rodham Clinton with respect to possible improper or illegal commodities futures trading conducted in 1978. The research will set forth the context in which these allegations were made and then provide a review of the accusations against her, the responses of President and Mrs. Clinton to the accusations, and how third-party legal, business, and political commentators viewed the accuracy and seriousness of the allegations.
In the spring of 1994, at the time that a special prosecutor, Robert Fiske, had been selected to head the so-called Whitewater investigation into a real estate project in Arkansas in the mid-1970s, The New York Times published an account of first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton's 100-to-1 profit on an investment in cattle futures on the commodities market ..."
Abstract This paper explores the topic of television violence and the impact it has on children. In recent years there have been increasing allegations that television violence is having a negative impact on child development. The writer begins with an overview of the problem, looking at specific examples of television in America. Next, the paper defines some key terms for understanding the topic as well as providing a background about why this topic is important to society. The writer concludes by arguing that children are not developmentally advanced enough to separate fantasy from reality and that the increased violence they are seeing on television is creating more violent and aggressive children.
From the Paper "In recent years there have been increasing allegations that television violence has a negative impact on child development . There have been school shootings, children acting out both at home and in classrooms and other developmental traits that have been laid and the feet of television violence".
Abstract This paper analyzes a case study of a mother and her young daughter who presented themselves for treatment, initially as a result of the daughter's alleged sexual abuse by the mother's boyfriend. It discusses how even though the daughter is the primary patient, her relationship to the larger system of which she is a part, is relevant to the case and to the course of treatment. Using Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, it examines the context of the child's case, the extent to which she is at risk for future problems, the suggested course of treatment and the additional information needed to treat her and her mother effectively. It shows together with a literature review, how the case offers an interesting example of many of the kinds of issues and questions faced by professionals dealing with child guidance psycho-pathologies and family contexts.
From the Paper "Surrounding the mesosystem is the exosystem, the wider settings which define Carrie's life, and the macrosystem, the cultural mores that influence how she and those around her are expected to behave. Through his abuse, Jim violated those expected behaviors, and Joanna's initial refusal to believe her daughter also disengaged the little girl from the protections that the larger society is supposed to provide to the individual. However, the legal system, which is usually part of the next level in, the exosystem, has intruded into a closer circle of Carrie's life and is attempting to rectify the personal violations of those close to her. This has caused an ecological transition (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), a situation in which "a person's position in the ecological environment is altered as the result of a change in role, setting, or both" (p. 26). Although traumatic for both Carrie and her mother, this ecological transition should prove to be an important, positive step in the development of both individuals."
Abstract This paper is an oral presentation of the findings of an independent auditor of the HealthSouth Corporation. The audit concerns a 300-million-dollar refund HealthSouth is seeking from the federal government on the over-inflated profits it reported on its assets. The auditor asserts that no indications of Medicare fraud were found and that the over-inflated profits reported by the company were a result of HealthSound projecting assets not truly expected to incur, as well as a refusal to take into consideration the costs of the company (reporting only money accrued, rather than actual profits. This, in turn, was facilitated by the bureaucratic nature of the medical industry, where reporting of costs, payment of bills, and administrative costs are often delayed because of the nature of health care providers. The paper concludes by stating that HealthSound has not been negatively impacted by the allegations of securities fraud and that it is, and will continue to be, a sound company because of the quality its product.
From the Paper "As a part of this presentation, I, as an independent auditor commissioned by the committee of the firm representing the HealthSouth Corporation, wish to make clear that the company I have just audited, though tarred and feathered by the modern media, is not nearly at fault as one might initially believe, given the nature of the following components peculiar to the health services and health care industry. Although HealthSouth's supposed irregularities may have been elided in the public imagination with corporations such as Enron, it is not an ?imaginary corporation.? Mistakes were made, but these mistakes should not cause individuals to forget the ongoing quality of care still provided by the company."
Tags: finances, accountant, bookkeeping, creditors, debt, survival, solvency, tenet, health, care, industry
Abstract Discusses the concerns of parishioners over the integrity of the American Catholic Church, Church protection of pedophile priests, and the Church's maintenance of complete and secret oversight of future sex-abuse allegations.
From the Paper "In June 2002, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops proposed a "zero-tolerance policy" for sexual indiscretions by its clergy and vowed to hold itself accountable to parishioners when this new policy was ..."
Abstract This paper explains that the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) chose General Motors, the world's largest automaker, as its target candidate because it would have the largest impact on moving the civil rights agenda forward. The author points out that the EEOC alleged that General Motors actively discriminated against black, Hispanic, and women workers. The paper states that, 20 years after the GM?EEOC agreement and 40 years after civil rights legislation has been signed into law, there still is a problem in the work environment at General Motors
Table of Contents
The Players
Civil Rights Legislation
Clarence Thomas and the EEOC
General Motors ? An Easy Target
The Future of Civil Rights Legislation
From the Paper "Because the injustices of discrimination did not end with the passage of laws, organizations such as the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) were created. The NAACP was one of the most significant of these organizations, and was led by chief legislator Thurgood Marshall. During his years spent with the NAACP, Thurgood developed a unique strategy to combat racial segregation throughout the United States. Without Thurgood breaking new legal ground, the Civil Rights Movement would not have gotten off the ground with the power and unified force with which is was eventually able to direct in the direction of General Motors. Marshall believed that the only way for change to occur was by altering the laws, and Thurgood Marshal was the first Civil Rights leader willing to use the law as means of change."
Abstract This paper explains that, while being exemplary on the domestic front in terms of social and environmental issues, its labor practices are less than admirable. The author points out that Nike's many environmental and social projects demonstrate its commitment not only to its shareholders but also to the community from which it was founded; Nike has adopted the goal of sustainability into many facets of the manufacturing and production of its products. The paper relates that, although Nike has adopted a so-called Code of Conduct concerning its labor practices, which is supposed to endorse the health and safety of all its workers, in real life situations, this dogma appears to be less than true as observed in its factories in Indonesia, Vietnam, Pakistan and China.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Executive Summary
The History
Social and Environmental Commitments
Labor Practices and Allegations Conclusion
From the Paper "In February 1993, the Nike Environmental Action Team (NEAT) arose out of Nike's efforts to coordinate specific environmental efforts in its business practices around the world. The team's mission was to develop answers to the problems that Nike's business posed to the environment. Since then NEAT has implemented many changes in Nike's fundamental goals and objectives concerning their impact on the environment. At the center of the team's work are the issues of pollution prevention and sustainable development. Every year changes are made to the materials and compounds used in creating Nike footwear and apparel. New technologies have enabled Nike to reduce the amount of basic materials required to manufacture each pair of shoes. Also, these technologies have led to other improvements such as a widespread reduction of PVC content in rubber; and recently, the development of new eco-friendly water-based adhesives as opposed to traditional chemical adhesives which are toxic and pollute the environment. In terms of environmental aid and awareness Nike's greatest innovation has been the invention of Nike REGRIND, made possible by the Reuse-A-Shoe program. Similar to how Xerox inc. refurbishes and reuses high quality parts from leased copiers, Nike reuses the rubber soles from used runners it collects and grinds it up to be reused in other products."
Abstract This article discusses a class action suit that was filed on behalf of school-aged children of illegal Mexican immigrants residing in Smith County, Texas who were allegedly denied the right to an education. At the time of the suit, the school year in Tyler was just beginning for its students; however, the children of the Mexican farmers were not included, due to an existing Texas law which only allowed or permitted children to enroll in a public school if they were legal residents of Texas, or could pay full tuition. Unfortunately, many of the Mexican children did not meet these qualifications, and as a result, the parents of these children filed a class action suit. In this paper the writer looks at the court decision and court rationale. The paper also discusses the case's impact on public education.
From the Paper "However, the Tyler School District as the defendant claimed that they desired to see these children removed from the State of Texas, due to the financial and educational impact on the state and its budget and the problems that would be created as a result of the growing population of Mexican immigrants in the U.S. Conversely, the U.S. Supreme Court realized that the exclusion of these illegal alien children from the public schools of Texas would eventually affect the state's financial status at some level. Thus, the state of Texas believed that banning these children would help to save money, yet the court added that even though a negative effect would result, the quality of education in the public schools would not be affected."
A review of a class action suit filed in August 1970 in the US that alleged that the Detroit school system was racially segregated as a result of policy.
Abstract This paper reviews the case of "Milliken v. Bradley" (1974), a class action suit filed by parents of students in the Detroit Michigan school system and the Detroit Branch of the National Association for the Advancement for Colored People (NAACP) against the Michigan State Board of Education and various other state officials of the state of Michigan, alleging that the Detroit school system was racially segregated as a result of policy, in particular, a state statute known as Act 48. The paper gives the background of the case, a summary of both the plaintiff's and the defendant's arguments as well as the court's ruling. The author also provides his opinion on the case.
Outline:
Facts of the Case
Summary of Plaintiff's Argument
Summary of Defendant's Argument
The Supreme Court's Decision
Significant Concurring Opinions
Significant Dissenting Opinions
My Decision on the Case
From the Paper "I understand why the families of the children in the suburban schools outside the city of Detroit felt like they did nothing wrong and should therefore not be sent to schools in Detroit. At this time in history I believe that whites felt secure inside the suburbs and did not want to interact with the African American community. I believe that this type of feeling needs to be deemed unacceptable because after the Brown v. Board of Education decision, the people needed to realize that racial desegregation is indeed moving in a positive direction and they should join in on it. I think the white people may have been afraid of the African American community but without them ever coming together there would be no way that they would ever realize there is really nothing to be afraid of."
Abstract This paper proposes a research study on the topic of police misconduct. The paper hypothesizes that socio-cultural issues, both within the police force jurisdiction as well as in the public community are often the 'root' cause of increased incidents and allegations of police misconduct. It also suggests that police misconduct is more likely to occur where a culture of violence exists in the community the police officers serve.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Problem Statement
Background of Study
Hypotheses
Research Design
Dependent Variables
Independent Variables
Data Analysis and Collection
Sampling
Ethical Issues
Literature Review
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The work entitled: "Coping with Police Misconduct in West Virginia: Citizen involvement in Officer Disciplinary Procedures: A Review of Existing Law, Legislative Initiatives and Disciplinary Models" published by the West Virginia Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (2004) states that incidents of police misconduct continue unabated in West Virginia prompting advocates to call for improvements in existing procedures for handling citizen complaints against officers. This report does however remind the researcher that: "In order to minimize harm to others and to themselves, law enforcement officers must exercise critical and quick judgment, often when the circumstances are volatile and potentially deadly.""
Abstract Since its formation in 1975, Microsoft has grown rapidly to become one of the largest and most successful companies in the world. However, since 1990, it has been plagued by a series of investigations by the US Fair Trade Commission (FTC) and the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) on various antitrust allegations. This culminated in a major antitrust lawsuit filed against the company 18 May 1998. This paper provides an analysis of the above case, including the findings of facts, conclusions of law, the remedies proposed, the outcome of appeals filed as well as the proposed settlement reached in November 2001. The paper first, presents some background information on Microsoft and its major products. This is followed by a review of its conduct which resulted in the above-mentioned lawsuit filed against it. Next, the paper outlines the allegations made by the plaintiffs against Microsoft as well as the position taken by the company. This is followed by an account of the findings of fact, which found Microsoft guilty of almost all the allegations against it, conclusions of law, proposed remedies, outcome of appeals filed and settlement pact.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
What is Microsoft all About?
Microsoft Responds to the Internet Revolution
The Plaintiff's Attack
Microsoft Defends Itself
The Judge Releases his Findings of Fact
Assessment of Findings of Fact
Aftermath of Findings of Fact
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "To do so, it began by investing US$100 million a year in Internet research and development and developed its own browser, the Internet Explorer (IE). It then carried out a slew of measures to promote IE as the browser of choice among Internet users. These included the free distribution of the browser software; bundling its browser with the Windows operating system when selling it to PC manufacturers and refusing to offer them the option of purchasing the operating system without the browser; and preventing PC makers from removing IE from the operating system, including the visible means of user access to the IE software, such as the IE icon on the Windows desktop or the IE entry in the "Start" menu."
Abstract This paper explores the Kosovo conflict, its escalation in 1998 and its subsequent management. It is divided in four parts. First, it deals with the accusations of human rights violations within the province and presents diverse evidence from various human rights groups on the existence of such abuses. Second, it examines the Serbian response to these allegations and the reasons behind Milosevic's unwillingness to rectify the worsening situation. Third, it presents an evaluation of the need for intervention with regard to International Law and previous humanitarian practice. Fourth, it analyzes the diplomatic and military actions taken by the International Community.
Table of Contents:
Introduction.
The Human Rights Situation in Kosovo:
History of Albanian Mistreatment.
Allegations of Human Rights Violations.
The Serbian Response to Accusations of Human Rights Violations.
An Evaluation of the Need for Intervention with Regard to International Humanitarian Law
An Examination of the Accusations of Human Rights Violations.
On the Legality of Military Intervention.
International Action
International Humanitarian Action in Perspective: The Failure of Diplomacy and the NATO Bombing Campaign
Belated Recommendations: Was there an Alternative?
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Bosnia and the Kosovo conflicts marked the biggest outbreaks of violence in Europe after the end of the Second World War. The instable political environment in federal Yugoslavia after the fall of communism, brought about the emergence of salient ethnic issues, which led to the deaths of tens of thousands of people. The focus of this paper is the Kosovo conflict, the human rights violations that led to its escalation, and the international response that followed. Even though the situation in Serbia has changed and democratic parties are in power, the Kosovo question is still far from being resolved due to the mutual hatred of Serbs and Albanians. Moreover, the downturn of the Kosovo crisis gave credibility to the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) as a political player, which has further exacerbated the situation not only in Kosovo, but also in neighboring Montenegro and Macedonia."
Abstract This paper discusses the meaning of corporate racial discrimination, its consequences, the response of the firms that are allegedly practicing it and the methods of fostering corporate diversity. Racial discrimination is referred to any set of actions that discriminate on the basis of race, color, cast or creed. It shows how in the corporate world, racial discrimination can take the form of categorizing employees, customers and suppliers on the basis of their race, cast, color, or creed by treating them in a relatively negative way as compared to other races. It explains racial discrimination through the example of two different companies, Denny?s, a food service chain in the United States ,and Texaco Inc. regarding their treatment of minority workers and the consequences of the allegations of their action.
From the Paper "In 1993, six US Secret Service agents who happened to be African-Americans went to Denny's for breakfast. After waiting for a considerable period of time and complaining to the manager, when they still did not get served, they filed a class-action race-discrimination lawsuit against Denny"s. Not only did the management at Denny's had to respond to this lawsuit but they were further forced to deal with the myriad complaints and lawsuits that followed this event. As a consequence of racial discrimination that was being practiced at Denny"s, the firm had to pay $54 million to 294,000 discriminated customers and their lawyers (Abes et.al, 2000). Furthermore, Denny's was obliged into signing a decree with the US Justice Department where the firm agreed to publicize non-discriminatory policies and retrain existing employees about the same. Moreover the firm's outlets came under the constant supervision of the Justice Department, for the following seven years, where they would be judged continually for any evidence of racial discrimination."
Abstract This paper examines the effects of market timing and late trading on the investment industry, describing recent alleged market timing allegations and the SEC's attempt to reduce late trading and other abuses. It also analyzes the impacts of proposed SEC rulings on the financial institutions' risk and return framework and shows how companies will have to change their policies.
From the Paper "Market timing and late trading involve a relatively small group of investors who realized that the institutional framework of mutual funds could be manipulated to their advantage (McChesney, 2004). If mutual funds only price their shares once a day, late in the afternoon, events that occur after the market close and before the next day's opening are likely to affect the value of the underlying securities owned by the fund. Investors can study the value changes in the underlying securities, including price changes for foreign stocks and bonds owned by the fund that trade overseas, and anticipate the likely gains or losses in the fund the next day. Figuring out prices in advance in turn creates opportunities for short-term traders to time their moves, moving into and out of mutual funds to their profit ahead of the once-a-day price revisions."
Abstract This paper examines how General Augusto Pinochet has been found guilty of the torture, disappearance, and murder of thousands of Chileans, including international citizens, but has not yet been brought to justice. It discusses how, while in England, Pinochet was arrested on a warrant from Spain for murder during his dictatorship and how, due to his age and alleged mental incapacity, was released again in March 2000. Today, he remains in his mansion and is receiving treatment for insanity. It provides an examination of how and when General Augusto Pinochet is alleged to have engaged in criminal activities and what has been done to try to bring him to justice. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper "By July 2000, Pinochet's parliamentary immunity had been taken away by Chile's Supreme Court, and nearly 200 lawsuits were filed against him. Some of the charges have been limited and appeals are underway, but the general has been ruled fit to stand trial. He was placed under house arrest in January of 2001 (Waltz, 2001). His lawyers continued to press for his release on the grounds of his ill health (Spanakos, 2001). In July 2002, Chile's Supreme Court ruled Pinochet mentally incompetent to stand trial. The decision ended efforts to prosecute him for human rights violations. Days later, for health concerns, Pinochet resigned from his lifetime Senate seat."
