Abstract
This paper begins with a brief history and some background information on the Alcoa company and then explains the reasons for the legal case brought against it by the EPA. The paper also points the connection between former Alcoa CEO, Paul O'Neill, and the Bush Administration and how this relationship helped Alcoa achieve a favorable ruling in the EPA's case against the company. Additionally, the paper describes the conclusion to the legal case, discusses Alcoa's strategies for winning the legal battle, and presents an analysis of the entire issue as well.

Company Basics
Company History in Brief
The Arena of Conflict
The Issue
The Conclusion of Case
Alcoa's Strategies
Analysis

From the Paper
"Alcoa is the leading global producer of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum and alumina. It is active in virtually all aspects of the aluminum industry, serving aerospace, automotive, packaging, building and construction, commercial transportation, and industrial markets. It promotes itself as a single source for design, engineering, production and other fabrication-related operations. In addition to serving those industries listed above, it also produces and markets consumer brands including Reynolds Wrap, Alcoa wheels, and Baco household wraps. It has also branched out into other businesses including vinyl siding, closures, fastening systems, precision castings, and electrical distribution systems for cars and trucks."

Tags:pittsburgh, semi-precious, metal, strip, mine, smelter, texas, clean, air, act, grandfathering

Abstract
The paper relates that with a company history that spans more than a century, Alcoa, Inc. is a leading global provider of a wide range of engineering products for consumers and industries alike. The paper shows that Alcoa, Inc. is a global provider of a wide range of aluminum and non-aluminum products for both consumers and industrial applications. This paper provides a brief history of Alcoa, Inc. and an analysis of the company and the industry in which it competes. The paper analyzes the company's financial performance and presents a summary of the research. The paper concludes that Alcoa has emerged as a premier global enterprise in the 21st century. The paper recommends that the company continue to place a high priority on corporate governance and its strategic partnerships to help it continue this pattern of growth in the future.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Company Analysis
Industry Analysis
Financial Performance
Conclusion and Recommendations

From the Paper
"The company changed its name from Aluminum Company of America to its current version, "Alcoa Inc.," in 1999, based in New York City (Alcoa, 2006) but with its headquarters in Pittsburgh (Aluminum Company of American, Inc., 2006). Today, Alcoa, Inc. (hereinafter alternatively "Alcoa" or "the company") is a leading producer of aluminum. The encyclopedic entry for Alcoa reports that the company's operations range from mining bauxite and other ores to smelting and processing aluminum, fabricating aluminum products, and marketing and shipping; further, the company has a majority ownership of Alcoa of Australia Limited, a leading producer of aluminum oxide (alumina)."

Tags:mining, aluminum, consumers, industries

Abstract
This paper reviews, discusses and analyzes the Alcoa Company, one of the global leaders in the production of alumina, aluminum and the coordination of supply chains specifically for the natural materials used for creating these products. The paper reports that the company's center of operations is located in Pittsburgh, PA employing 129,000 people in over 350 operating locations in 42 countries. According to the paper, raw material prices are critical to the present and future profitability of Alcoa.

Outline:
Company Description
Company Analysis
SWOT Analysis
Industry Analysis
Global Aluminum Demand
Alcoa Financial Analysis

From the Paper
"Primary Metals. - This business segment of Alcoa generated After Tax Operating Income (ATOI) $480MM in Q4'06 vs. $346MM in Q2'06 and $242MM in Q4'05. This segment is benefiting year-over-year from rising aluminum prices and higher production offset by start-up costs at the new state-of-the-art smelter in Iceland and higher carbon and pitch costs that affect production costs. This specific operation of Alcoa is also heavily influenced by aluminum prices, and performance in this specific segment will also be heavily influenced by the efficiency of their supply chain."

Tags:operating, margin, revenue, growth, natural, resources, aluminum, Aerospace, transportation, packaging, construction, power, lines

Abstract
This papers examines the policies and situations in China and Germany regarding hostile takeovers in those countries. It looks at how hostile takeovers are becoming more popular and how the number is increasing on a global basis. In particular, it discusses a case in China where a foreign entity was able to gain a considerable market share of an entire sector, despite government controls to avoid such a situation. The Chinese Beer War is an excellent example of why governments need to devise strategies for protecting domestic companies from hostile takeovers.

Outline:
The Problem
Significance of the Problem
Company Self Protection
Government Protection Against Hostile Takeovers
Structure of the Thesis
Chapter I - Introduction
Analysis of the Methods of Hostile Take-Over
Types of Takeovers
Anatomy of a Takeover
Chinese Beer Wars
Alcan/Alcoa
Shanda and Sina
Sohu's Poison Pill
Germany's First Hostile Takeover
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Hostile takeovers are not only a danger for the company that is being taken over, it can also pose a threat to national security. This is especially true in the face of a foreign hostile take-over. If the take-over occurs in a major business sector, it could have devastating effects on the economy. A foreign hostile take-over can be seen as foreign direct investment, which in many circumstances would be considered to be good due to the boost to the economy. However, in the case of a foreign hostile take-over, there is a loss of a domestic business. Therefore, the boost to the economy is negligible. Companies need to take measures to protect against hostile takeovers as a matter of national economic stability. "

Tags:Chinese, Beer, War, Alcan, Alcoa, Shanda, Sina

Abstract
The paper relates that the gas turbine industry is considered by many to be one of the most dynamic segments in the power generation industry. The paper examines the Hungarian energy market and discusses its strengths and weaknesses. The paper concludes with a recommendation for direct investment in Hungary in this industry, given the potential of the market and the perspectives for its development in the future.

From the Paper
"The Hungarian energy market is continuously growing to keep up with the diversification of the economy and with the constant increase in the level of industrial modernization. One of the threats for Europe and Hungary in terms of the gas turbine market is the high dependency to Russian energy sources. Indeed, as the recent energetic crisis have shown, the countries in Central and Eastern Europe are depending on Russian gas transports, as well as on the prices that Gazprom, the large Russian energy holding, sets."

Tags:electricity, generators, energy, sources, Alcoa, Alstom, Siemens

Abstract
Economics is oftentimes shaped by societal conditions and political decisions. Such is the case with business operations in the United States. Antitrust laws have gradually emerged to reflect the values and perspectives of American society. This paper presents a discussion of the historical context of anti-trust laws, an examination of individual antitrust laws and amendments and an overview of the implications such regulations have had on specific companies.

From the Paper
"Just as the Sherman Antitrust Act affected some businesses, so too did the Clayton Act, its amendments, and the FTC. In the Standard Oil Co. of California and Standard Stations, Inc. versus the U.S. suit, the court declared the companies' tying agreements a violation of the Clayton Act and therefore illegal as they restricted free commerce. A similar decision was made regarding IBM after it was uncovered that the corporation required buyers of its computers to also purchase its brand-name punch cards (Dolan, 1983, pp. 253 & 254). A breach of the Celler-Kefauver Anti-merger Act was cited in a case involving Von's Grocery Company. The court ruled its merger with Shopping Bag Food Stores a violation of the Celler-Kefauver Anti-merger Act in that such an action decreased competition, albeit modestly (Dolan, pp. 252 & 253)."

Tags:Sherman, Antitrust, congress, American, Tobacco, Alcoa

Abstract
Trusts are viewed as competition destroyers which attempt to control the market for a product. Anti-trust laws arose out of the abuse of such trusts and these laws persevere to this day. This paper questions whether the government's enforcement is executed when the economic climate is right or whether the enforcement is occurring at regular intervals. It also questions whether certain corporations, like Microsoft, are unwitting targets of the government. The overall question in this paper is whether the enforcement of anti-trust laws harms American competition. The response lies in the history of anti-trust laws, the enforcement of such laws and the meaning of competition within economic understanding.

Paper Outline:
Introduction
The History of Anti-trust Laws
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)
The Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)
Robinson-Patman Act (1936), Celler-Kefauver Act (1950) and The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976
Competition
Enforcement
Has the Microsoft Anti-trust Case Helped or Hindered American Competition?
Has the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act Helped or Hindered American Competition?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In 1911, two decades after the Sherman Act was passed, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the Standard Oil Company and the American Tobacco Company exerted unlawful monopolistic authority. This was the first major court decision since the Act was passed. The two mentioned companies were forced to dissolve into smaller firms that would compete against each other. The courts have not been consistent when interpreting the meaning of monopoly power under the Sherman Act either."

Tags:ALCOA, Department, of, Justice, Bill, Gates, HSR, Act