This paper looks at the different components that make up the five-factor model that is used by many psychologists in the determination of a person's self-esteem.
Abstract This paper is an extensive analysis of the five-factor model of personality theory. Using different sources, it relates these five factors to an individual's sense of self-esteem. The model's main goal is to identify which personality constructs shape self-esteem on both the individual and the global levels. The author suggests that extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness, and openness to experience are associated with high (as opposed to low) self-esteem. The paper then offers a ten-item personality test that can be used as a means with which to measure self-esteem in terms of the five factor model.
From the Paper "Self-esteem is widely viewed by personality theorists as a multidimensional construct of an individual's universal emotional orientation toward the self (Farmer, Jarvis, Berent, & Corbett, 2001; Robbins, Tracy, Trzesniewski, Potter, & Gosling, 2001). Self-esteem can be predicted in research settings by evaluating how much importance an individual places on self-evaluations (Farmer, et al., 2001). Based on such predictions of an individual's self-esteem, researchers can then use the five-factor model of personality (FFM) as a framework for organizing the central paradigms involved in global self-esteem (Robbins, et al., 2001). The FFM has been very useful in determining which of the five personality correlates--extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness, and openness to experience--are associated with high versus low self-esteem."
Abstract The paper discusses four attributes that are necessary to acquire to become a successful leader, namely, surgency, dependability, openness to experience and agreeableness. The paper focuses on three world leaders that exude these qualities; Colin Powell, Peter Jackson and Aung San Suu Kyi. The paper discusses how Powell, Jackson and Suu Kyi also follow good models of leadership, such as the normative decision model and the path-goal theory. The paper emphasizes that leaders are not born and positive behaviors can be learned.
From the Paper "Leaders come in all shapes and sizes with various backgrounds of experience and culture. Stodgill's (1948) research proved that it is not qualitative differences such as height and weight that separate leaders from followers (as cited in Hughes, Ginnett, & Curphy, 2006). Yet, it is not intelligence alone that separates the two either. There are other qualities that have been found to make a difference as well. None are absolute, but some show more positive correlations for leaders than followers. Surgency, dependability, and openness to experience are all personality traits that can create distinctions. Also, agreeableness as a feature can not stand alone, but few successful leaders are made without it. Those who possess these characteristics and follow good models of leadership are more apt to be successful leaders."
Abstract In this paper the author takes an in-depth look at Ethanol. The author makes mention of the different ways that it can be produced, its various characteristics, chemical composition and uses. The paper concludes with various arguments as to why ethanol has so many benefits and is so useful and argues why it may well be the "fuel of the future".
From the paper:
?Ethanol (ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol) is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic, agreeable odor. In dilute aqueous solution, it has a somewhat sweet flavor, but in more concentrated solutions it has a burning taste. Ethanol, CH3CH2OH, is an alcohol, a group of chemical compounds whose molecules contain a hydroxyl group, ? OH ? bonded to a carbon atom.?
Abstract This paper examines the various ways in which women used magic in the Norse Sagas using examples taken from English translations of the original sagas. The change in society's attitudes towards witchcraft, from an agreeable and accepted part of society in the early sagas to one of contempt, is looked at. The paper traces the process of how witchcraft was eventually outlawed in the later Sagas. The paper links this change primarily to the introduction of Christianity and its attempt to undermine pagan religions.
From the Paper "Magic is a central theme of the Norse Sagas. Entire sagas have been written about battles with ghosts and the influences of witchcraft on battles and bad luck. Magic was practiced by both men and women. Women, however were considered to be more adept than men and were often called upon by men to cast spells for them. Magic was incorporated into women's daily activities such as brewing, spinning, and weaving. Women used magic for both healing and causing harm. The belief in the power of sorcery was so powerful that it was outlawed after the arrival of the Christians (Gtettir's Saga, Ch. 84). This paper will examine the various ways in which women used magic in the Norse Sagas using examples taken from English translations of the original sagas. Societies' attitudes towards witchcraft changed from an agreeable and accepted part of society in the early sagas to one of contempt and was eventually outlawed in the later Sagas. This change was primarily due to the introduction of Christianity and its attempt to undermine pagan religions."
Abstract This paper is on the meaning of "serendipity". The phenomenon of finding something valuable or agreeable things not sought for is called serendipity.
Abstract This paper explains that "Antigone" and "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience" share a common theme that civil disobedience is valid and agreeable for individuals to conduct because the moral law and the conscience take precedence in a human's priority over legal laws imposed by "mortals" only. The author points out that the function of literature as the mirror of the society is illustrated effectively in the most popular and well-known literary work of Sophocles, the play "Antigone". The paper relates that Henry David Thoreau's discourse on the nature of government and its functions and dysfunctions in the society is discussed thoroughly in "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience".
From the Paper "People do not only experience governments and the political state of societies, because political institutions are also illustrated and mirrored effectively through literature. Although considered an art form, literature also provides people with insights and subjective reflections of individuals about specific issues that the author deems important not only for him/her, but also for the society s/he lives in. More than anything, literature is an effective medium through which irregularities and conflicts that happen between the government and society or individual is reflected and informed to other people as an issue of public interest."
Tags: discourse, mirror, dysfunction, validity, moral
Abstract This paper examines how the impact that personality has on the ability to forgive has been a topic of much debate for many years and how many experts believe that certain personality traits can make an individual more susceptible to forgiveness. The investigation explores the type of research that has been done and what is currently being studied in this subject area.
Outline
Importance of Forgiveness
Forgiveness and Personality (Current Studies)
Agreeableness: Empathy and Altruism
Emotionally Stable
Religion and Spirituality
Personalities and Forgiveness (Future Studies)
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper "According to the Journal of Mental Health Counseling, Forgiveness plays an important role in ensuring the mental stability of individuals. The journal reports that people that practice forgivenss are able to improve their well being and have more meaningful interpersonal relationships. Much of the scientific literature pertaining to the subject of forgiveness indicates that practicing forgiveness can result in less guilt, anxiety, anger and remorse of fear. (Harrington et al 2000) Harrington et al (2000) also reports, that the positive impact of forgiveness can be found amongst large and diverse populations that contain everyone from incest survivors to the families of individuals that have been murdered. (Harrington et al 2000)"
Abstract This paper examines the functioning of the federal budget process and explores the barriers involved. The paper explains that federal budgeting can also be split up into its basic standards of activity and measurement. The expenditure process involves three different stages of budget authorization, obligation, and outlays. The paper discusses the various parties involved in decision-making regarding the federal budget from Congress to the president. The laws pertinent to the federal budget process are presented in the paper. The paper contends that the federal budgetary procedure is required to endorse specific and apparent information on budgetary alternatives, to provide the lawmakers with a structure for arriving at agreeable conclusions on expenditure and receipt strategies, and to facilitate those policies to be implemented.
From the Paper "As is with any complicated strategy, the federal budgeting can also be split up into its basic standards of activity and measurement. The expenditure process involves three different stages of budget authorization, obligation and outlays. The Budget authority is bestowed by the Congress and President within the legal framework. It generates the legal base for federal units to make the financial responsibilities enforceable in terms of the obligations. The activities of the federal agencies in form of executing contracts, appointment of personnel and executing orders for goods and services give rise to generation of such obligations. The outlays follow when the obligations are settled down. The outlays are normally in shape of the checks, electronic fund transfers and other payments effected to by the Treasury Branch. The budget authorities mostly are provided to the agencies every year being excerpted from the legislations made during the previous Congresses. The funds are provided without the legislation by the Congress. (Keith, 1996)"
This paper examines the constitution of the United Kingdom, specifically the "conventions" of law, their ability to be enforced, and the superior rule of law.
1,665 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
Abstract This paper explains that the United Kingdom (UK), or Great Britain, is considered a democracy, which operates under a parliamentary system in which the supreme authority is held by the legislature under a figurehead sovereign, who, for all intents and purposes, does not rule but does reign. The author points out that, due to conventions, the Queen generally will not act against the advice of her ministers, but her participation is a requirement, as is her approval. The paper relates that the sources of constitutional conventions are those things that are acceptable and have been acceptable for a long time, things that society finds acceptable within the realm of its morals, beliefs, or principles, based on many years of compatibility and agreeability among the majority of society.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Government of the UK and Great Britain
Parliament
The Legislature
The Executive
The Judiciary
The Crown
The House of Lords
The House of Commons
Political Parties
The Ministry and Cabinet
County Courts
Constitutional Conventions
Functions of Constitutional Conventions
Conclusion
From the Paper "An act of Parliament can make changes in the constitution or a new convention being established through usage and acceptance in general. An appointed committee released a report in 1973 which makes recommendation for revisions that were major in nature. These recommended revisions would permit the constituent parts within the United Kingdom to take the reins of control of their own affairs to a much greater extent. The government is composed of the Parliament which governs in the name of the Crown or Monarchy and is considered to be supreme. The three branches of the Parliament are the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary branches."
This paper reviews John Kenneth Galbraith's history of economics "The Good Society: A Humane Agenda", which he wrote when he was nearly ninety years of age.
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 0 sources, 2005, $ 55.95
Abstract This paper explains that, knowing the cruelties man has inflicted during this century, much of it due to economic reasons, the reader of John Kenneth Galbraith's "The Good Society: A Humane Agenda" wonders whether the concept of a "good society" was a tongue-in-cheek effort to prove to his readers that this "good society" through a higher standard of life is an unattainable goal. The author points out that this book, which demonstrates the demise of Keynesian economics, is more a morality tale than a book on economics. The paper relates that the difficult task Galbreath sets for himself is to differentiate between what is "perfect" and "ideal" and what is achievable, or in his terms---between the "agreeable irrelevant" and the "ultimately possible", which may well contradict each other.
From the Paper "It is idealistic, of course, for anyone trained in economics to proclaim, as Galbreath does, that a good society must provide an upward chance for all, and a reliable economy to sustain employment. This would obviate the "business cycle" of inflation, stagflation, even minor recession. He is, one might comment, a little simplistic when he states the over-obvious: that a steady flow of demand is a vital factor in keeping business going. Of course, if stores sell products customers want, or manufacturers produce goods that are so reasonable to purchase, then the business cycle is on the upswing. What is missing in this idea of a "steady flow" is that manufacturers, given more and improved technology, can now produce higher quality goods more rapidly with robotics and computers that require little or no human assistance, other than supervision. Thus, economics creates the goods at the expense of employment. It is called "downsizing", a word that brings terror to workers and managers alike."
Abstract This paper examines the relationship between violence and sports. The paper first asserts that violence in sports is culturally agreeable and goal oriented. The paper then explores recreational violence, including hunting. Next the paper studies how sports legitimize violence and the relationship between sports, violence and masculinity. The paper concludes by studying the effect on male-female relationships of violence in sports.
From the Paper "This research paper addresses the topic of how violence in sports affects our lives. The following relevant areas are presented..."
This paper discusses elements of poetry in three different poems: Alberto Rios' "Seniors", Edgar Allan Poe's "The Haunted Palace" and Tato LaViera's "American".
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, 2006, $ 26.95
Abstract This paper examines a few outstanding poetic elements which three prominent American poets have used to convey the messages they wish to impart to readers. Along the way the paper notes how each poem, while undeniably great nonetheless, uses different tools to become so. The paper is also quick to note how the best poetry, using the work of Tato LaViera as one example, is able to use common place literary devices like repetition in ways that make predictability agreeable.
From the Paper "Great poetry uses certain techniques in much the same way great fiction uses literary techniques to craft a story or draw a character. This paper will briefly examine three poems - Alberto Rios' "Seniors", Edgar Allan Poe's "The Haunted Palace", and Tato LaViera's "American" - and discuss the dominant poetic elements which animate each. In the end, what should become clear is that there are many different ways of producing memorable poetry in the modern age, and each of these authors does an expert job of finding what is needed to convey the message they wish convey. In Alberto Rios' "Seniors", the reader is confronted with the clever use of both middle and informal diction."
Abstract This paper presents Socrates' discussion of why the just or "good" life far exceeds the unjust or "bad" life that is given over to the rapacious pursuit of material and corporeal gratification. The author points out that the core of Socrates' moral philosophy is the emphasis on the ability of human beings to think rationally and to use moral precepts to arrive at a means of living and a way of life, which allows them to be proper citizens as well as contented and balanced individuals. The paper relates that, in this view, the soul can only be made peaceable and agreeable if a person seeks out only moral or "pure" pleasures and eschews bad actions. The author concludes that, generations later, Socrates' work continues to serve as a remarkably didactic and important contribution to the western philosophical tradition.
From the Paper "When reviewing Socrates' "Crito", it must be said that one of the chief arguments which arises is the argument that the just life is one means - perhaps the ultimate means - by which a man (or woman, though women were not discussed as possible philosophers by Socrates or by the other ancient writers) can maintain individual freedom and not fall to the debased status of a slave. Specifically, a man or woman is not truly free unless she applies human logos (the gift of the critical, inquiring mind) to the difficult question of what is truly just and proper within a particular situation."
A literature review of the five factor model, which posits five different variables that constitute a conceptual mode for describing human personality.
Abstract The paper describes the five-factor model (FFM) of personality and its development, effectiveness in the ascertaining of personality, the contentions and criticisms of this model, and the alternative theories that are suggested to replace the FFM model. The paper shows that, while the theory has attained a certain degree of acceptance and viability in psychological praxis, there are also many areas and aspects of the model that have been subjected to criticism and scientific interrogation.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature overview
From the Paper "A central aim in psychology has been the establishment of a comprehensive and applicable model that can adequately describe human personality as well as human personality disorders. To this end, there are a number of models that are vying for prominence in the field. One of the most successful and well accepted of these models is the five-factor model of personality or FFM. This theory posits five different variables that constitute a conceptual mode for describing human personality. These are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism."
Abstract This paper first discusses the role of women in American politics as being a relatively recent development in history. The paper goes on to describe Condeleeza Rice's rise to power, her personality, and her roles and strengths as a politician in the Bush administration. The paper then discusses the more diplomatic and agreeable aspects of feminist rhetoric in Condeleeza's career. Next, the paper takes a more argumentative stance by describing Condeleeza's conservative ideology as exemplifying feminist rhetoric by propounding a theme of women's empowerment. Lastly, the paper discusses how Condeleeza attempts to entwine her feminist rhetoric with the larger goal policies as Secretary of State.
From the Paper "Feminist Rhetoric
Women's rhetoric in politics is of great interest of late. The development and new state of the rights of women are of great concern in this day and age of globalization, equal rights and empowerment, and women's rhetoric in politics seeks improve the lives of women in society both domestically and abroad. It is relatively recently that women have gotten involved in politics, and forged prominent reputations. These women strive to make their values known on the subject of improving the quality of life of humankind. One woman who has made significant strides as a politician is Condoleezza Rice, who has taken steps to establish herself as an individual, a politician, a professional and a woman. Her use of women's rhetoric is careful, and often criticized or questioned, but ultimately she is a personification of the nature power of the woman in today's society. Her example is a model of strength, restraint, and subtlety in the area of women's rights feminist rhetoric. A survey of the means by which she incorporates rhetoric into her messages to the public in the example of her political career demonstrates that it is possible for a woman these days to talk softly and carry a big stick."
Tags: women's rights, secretary of state, bush administration, gender sex
