Abstract This paper addresses the question of whether the present recession in the U.S. will be aggravated by the Sept. 11th attacks. The paper looks at how the collapse of the "Internet Economy' in early 2001 which lead to decreased spending and consumer confidence even before 9/11, is causing the Federal Government to work double time to ensure that the US economy is spared an even greater blow than it has already experienced. The paper then examines some of the options available to the government in its efforts to best ensure a return to prosperity.
From the paper:
"One of the most obvious victims of the terror attacks has been consumer confidence ? which was already shaky in the light of the economic slowdown in the months before September ? a slowdown this week confirmed as the economy was declared in a recession back to March...
The Fed's generally positive assessment of the U.S.'s $10-trillion economy last year has shifted, in part due to the terrorist attacks and in part due to the softening economy, which itself must be seen as in part caused by the massive Bush tax rebates that have caused the federal surplus to vanish like mist in the sunlight. Last year at most of its meetings last year it maintained the Discount Rate, this year even as the economy began to slow down, a fact that for the Fed was mitigated by its warnings about the inflationary posed by the nation's tight labor market (the jobless rate continues near its lowest level in a generation) and a sharp rise in energy prices.
The absence of such key economic indicators showing a slowed rate of growth last year prompted the Fed to maintain or raise its Discount rate, just as the presence of a number of economic indicators (such as high unemployment, falling sales of new homes or other indications of disinclination toward consumer spending and a general decline in leading economic indicators that predict how the economy will likely fare in three to six months? time) have this year prompted the Fed to lower its Discount rate. As the high-tech sector continues to disintegrate, consumer confidence continues to fall and the recession has been made official, observers now wonder exactly how low the Fed can go."
From the Paper ""The Fed's generally positive assessment of the U.S.'s $10-trillion economy last year has shifted, in part due to the terrorist attacks and in part due to the softening economy, which itself must be seen as in part caused by the massive Bush tax rebates that have caused the federal surplus to vanish like mist in the sunlight. Last year at most of its meetings last year it maintained the Discount Rate, this year even as the economy began to slow down, a fact that for the Fed was mitigated by its warnings about the inflationary posed by the nation's tight labor market (the jobless rate continues near its lowest level in a generation) and a sharp rise in energy prices. "
Abstract This paper examines the arguments for and against the detention of a young offender. The case in question is one in which a 12 year old male was detained on the following charges: attempted sexual assault of a minor; aggravated assault: minor in possession of an alcoholic beverage; and unlawful possession of a controlled substance, marijuana. The author tells us that the juvenile was caught in the act of sexually assaulting a 14 year old female acquaintance by the victim's 16 year old brother, who had arrived home and observed the act. The 12 year old suspect had also beaten the victim with the heel of a shoe. The juvenile was arrested and charged with aggravated sexual assault of a child and aggravated assault and possession of a controlled substance. The paper describes the background of the defender and, the circumstances under which he lives. The author describes all of the laws that apply to juvenile defenders. In conclusion, the author points out that a case like this is presented by both sides and, taking the laws and jurisdictions into consideration, the case would then be decided.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Argument in favor of taking the delinquent into custody.
Argument for the release of the delinquent
Final decision
From the Paper "Another point that can be given in favor of this case is that the court first thoroughly studies the case and only then gives its final decision. Thus, if the court feels that it is not safe for the child to remain at home then it places the juvenile in a foster home or any out-of-home placement. It is the juvenile court's responsibility to rehabilitate the minor when he poses a danger to the common public and hence the court has the right to take any protective measures. As one of the articles says "once juvenile court has jurisdiction over a delinquent minor, its jurisdiction may be extended until the youth's 21st birthday, or, in a small number of cases, until age 23" (Protecting the Welfare of Minors, p.1)."
Abstract This is an argument paper that addresses the causes of the continuing hostilities in Northern Ireland. The discussion focuses on the fact that while religion was the original cause of the fighting between the Catholics and the Protestants, additional social and political factors have continued to promote and aggravate these hostilities.
Abstract This is an argumentative paper about the division along socio-economic lines. The author argues that today's technological advancements continue to drive us apart and further aggravate the problem of social inequality.
From the Paper In the race to converge all forms of media, modern-day technological trailblazers are leaving millions behind. American society is still hurting from unethical institutions that have deprived certain groups from social equality and is encountering the digital age, which seems to promise a freer, faster and more connected society. Instead it may have created another gap between the "haves" and "have- nots". With these new-age industrial advancements a term commonly known as the "digital divide" has been coined to describe the uneven access particular groups have to technological tools.
This paper discusses gun control laws: Firearms, accessibility by the general public, the rising rate of armed robberies, aggravated assault and homicides, gun control solutions and pro and con.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, 1990, $ 63.95
From the Paper ""A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security o a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." -- Second Amendment to the Constitution
The words of the Second Amendment, written two centuries ago, lie close to the heart of one of the most divisive issues in contemporary American public life: gun control. On the one hand, gunfire claims a constant, daily toll of American lives, from suicide and accidents even more than from violent crime. Every year or so, a mass murderer, often armed with one or more semiautomatic military-type assault weapons, mows down a dozen or so victims. On the other hand, gun ownership is a core value to millions of Americans, and perhaps a majority of all American ... "
From the Paper "Much of the constitutional debate surrounding the death penalty concerns its compatibility with the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against the imposition of cruel and unusual punishment (Murphy, 1993, p. 51). Justice William Brennan, Jr., has argued that the sentence of death offends both the dignity of the prisoner and the evolving standards of decency which reflect the advance of a maturing society. That position has not prevailed and, given the present composition of the Supreme Court, it is unlikely that it will in the near future.
Newer members, such as Justice Antonin Scalia, have a more restricted view of the Court's role in society and they resist any measures that would make the justices "philosopher-kings" rather than "judges of the law." The debate over whether the death penalty is inherently unjust, or offends civilized..."
Abstract This paper discusses this medical innovation which has become a complicated medical issue. It discusses how these drugs are used to improve brain function and how both the appropriate and inappropriate use of these drugs can have a profound effect on both mind and body. It explains why the drugs can have physical as well as behavioral or emotional effects and how sometimes the side effects can be managed well, but sometimes can cause or aggravate another problem.
From the Paper "The human nervous system has very specific cells that allow the nervous system to communicate within themselves. ?Interneurons" exist only in the brain and spinal cord and receive signals from the rest of the body from sensory neurons as well as from other interneurons. There may be as many as 100 billion interneurons, with up to 1,000 synapses where other neurons can communicate with them (Kimball, 2003). There are many different kinds of interneurons.
Most neurons communicate by releasing neurotransmitters to another cell. The part of the cell that sends the message is called an axon. It does not directly touch another cell's synapses, but sends out a neurotransmitter. Different synapses are configured to receive different neurotransmitters (Hamilton & Timmons, 1994). The space between the axon of one cell and the synapse of the next is sometimes called the synaptic cleft, and the goal of many psychotropic drugs is to affect this process in one of several ways."
Abstract The violent crime rate in the United States today remains more than three times higher than during the decade following World War II. The aggravated assault rate is nearly four times what it was then and news reports commonly celebrate the current drop in crime rates to the levels of the late 1970s, but fail to note that by then the long road of unbroken annual crime increases had already tripled the rates of the 1950s. The paper shows, that based on the emerging epidemic of juvenile crime, the unknown impact of the coming wave of 'crack babies,' together with an array of other predictable or unpredictable changes, the potential for increases in crime continues and represents an enormous challenge for the criminal justice system in the U.S. today and in the future. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of law enforcement techniques in the United States during the period 1940 - 2003, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper "This is not to say of course that relief is not available for victims or that all police officers are indifferent to the suffering and emotional trauma involved in violent crime. It is to say, however, the sheer numbers of victims who enter the criminal justice system today for the first time will predictably result in a number of them simply giving up in light of the lengthy prosecutions involved, the number of court appearances required, and the need to interrupt personal lives and jobs in order to satisfy the requirements of being a witness."
Abstract An 8-page paper examining contaminated drinking water in its western and Third World implications. How economic factors aggravate the problem and affect the ability to find solutions.
Abstract At many points in this paper, the World Bank's role and its policies are discussed in contrast with the alternative of socialist development through to the late 1980s. Reference is made to socialist and other alternatives too, in discussing what some writers see as the wide scale failure of the World Bank to promote a better standard of living for all of the world's peoples. In many respects, what the World Bank now pursues is not very different from the American policies promoted in the 1950s and 1960s, because development remains tied up in different political and Western economic goals. This research tends to conclude that not only have the recipient countries' problems been unsolved, but some World Bank initiatives actually stood to perpetuate these countries' economic problems and to aggravate the more human impacts of poverty.
Abstract Vertical transmission of AIDS has assumed enormous proportions, and this problem is aggravating the already disastrous AIDS epidemic in South Africa. This paper considers the problem of vertical transmission in little detail and ascertains the treatment methodologies and how their proper implementation could avert this major crisis from worsening the already damaged social and economic structure of Africa.
From the Paper "AIDS is one of the most dreaded epidemic diseases of the last century with an almost unabated outburst throughout the last two decades. More than 40 million people throughout the world are afflicted by AIDS. The dreadedness of the disease is reflected in the disastrous and debilitating effects it has had on people all over the world. The social and economic implications of AIDS has been something unprecedented in the history of world. Though the HIV virus is not easily transmitted the increasing number of infected people around the world only indicates a major global catastrophe. The concerning fact is that while we are still engaged in active medical research for a cure of this deadly disease, the HIV virus continues unhindered, to infect millions of people worldwide. The third world nations and Africa in particular have been the most affected. The impact of the AIDS epidemic in Africa is made worse by the poor economic situation and the consequently unaffordable medical facilities. Vertical transmission of the disease from mother to the child is continuing in an uncontrolled manner contributing to as much as 40 % of new AIDS cases. [AidsAction]"
Abstract This paper examines what stress is, both positive and negative, looks at the history of how society has typically dealt with stress, and then discusses several of the commonly recommended coping strategies that are used in the mental health field.
From the Paper "For many years, the mental health profession has studied stress and its impact on people. After watching how stress occurs, who it affects and what it means, experts have agreed that stress is an unavoidable fact of life. Following this decision, the experts then moved to define types of stress. Since it cannot be avoided, it became important to identify whether it is negative or positive and then figure out how to handle it. Today, the focus is no longer on denying its existence, but instead on developing coping strategies to lessen the negative impact it might otherwise have on one's life."
Abstract This paper discusses the growing violent behavior of adolescents with issues, such as date rape, teen relationship abuse, and other examples of adolescent violence. It looks at how the focus is currently on what causes the teens to become violent, and attention is turning to the history of their lives. It presents an examination of how a compromised early attachment relationship becomes a risk factor in a child's development by adolescence. The writer explores the theory that such a relationship sets the teens on a course for subsequent violence, including domestic violence and non-intimate violence.
From the Paper "Attachment disorders are currently being looked at as precursors to adolescent violence. Adolescent violence comes in many forms(Marcus, 2001). Adolescents can be violent in an overt manner such as violent bullying of peers, or even in the extreme such as a Columbine situation. Adolescents who are violent are not always in the spotlight however. Teens who beat their significant others, as well as teens who rape are considered violent teens. It is important to pinpoint the causative or contributory factors to adolescent teens for the purpose of being able to treat it before it occurs."
Abstract This paper explores the current treatments available for patients suffering from type 2 Diabetes. Addressed here are Glipizide, Sulfonylurea, and Avandia, belonging to the thiazolidinediones. The analysis considers the patient's medical history and physical exam findings for evaluation of potential side effects, aggravation, and overall safety of the drug options.
From the Paper "In monotherapy considerations, there are occasions when Avandia may be more optimal than the primarily recommended Glipizide, and instances when a drug combination plan utilizing both may be warranted. Thus, both the patient and drug characteristics must be evaluated relative to each other to determine the proper course of therapy. Diabetes mellitus is a complex group of syndromes applied to disturbances in the oxidation and utilization of glucose. This occurs secondary to a malfunction of the beta cells of the pancreas, which are responsible for the production of insulin. Insulin is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Diabetes mellitus can be classified as type 1 (juvenile) or type 2 (adult onset), the latter of which is discussed here. In type 2 diabetes a metabolic abnormality exists, characterizing this syndrome with insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic glucose output."
