Discussing how the concept of corrective affliction affects the protagonist in the novel "The Scarlet Letter" by Nathaniel Hawthorne and Anne Bradstreet's poem, "The Author to My Book" .
Abstract This paper looks at how the works "The Scarlet Letter" and "The Author to Her Book" provide a good definition of corrective afflictions. When thinking in terms of how the theme of corrective afflictions is present in the novel and the poem, one could define it as placing someone into a position of pain to correct some sort of sin that one has committed. This paper looks at how this concept influences the main characters of these writings.
From the Paper "There are many corrective afflictions given to both Anne and Hester. Hester and ?the ill formed offspring,?(140) are the children who display these corrective afflictions to their mothers. God placed all of Hester and Anne's corrective afflictions upon them, in order to fix pieces of their lives that seemed to be broken. Both Anne Bradstreet and Hester Prynne walk through life with challenges that appear dismal, having thoughts of there being no chance for happiness. Through the afflictions given to the mothers from the children, and the abnormalities that the mother's must respond to, there are lessons for Anne and Hester to learn from Pearl and the ?ill formed offspring.? Yet, the afflictions are adherent to the fact that it will make their lives seemingly complete. The corrective afflictions change Hester and Anne's perception from their lives being utterly worthless, to wanting to make their lives one with the righteous of heart and soul."
Abstract This paper analyzes the narrator and the theme of the book "Affliction" and discusses how effectively these elements are transferred to the film. It looks at the difficulties of translating a book such as "Affliction" to a movie without deviating significantly from the meaning or narration style of the book. Overall, the paper is positive review of both the book and the film.
From the Paper "The affliction that Banks and Schrader have tried to capture is the strain and impact of brutality that affects every man but while some are string enough to overcome it, others fail to do so which eventually turns their lives upside down. But it is this affliction when it becomes overwhelmingly powerful that explains why some apparently sane people would commit violent crimes. Schrader has done justice to the strain of brutality that Banks describes as ?barely controlled hysteria" (108) in the novel. The cinematography, the slick camera work and perfect performances all contributed to effective transformation of the novel into a movie."
A critique of the theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations and its practical application for those afflicted with sickle cell disease.
Abstract This paper examines Coretta Dorsey and Carolyn Murdaugh's theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations, in particular those afflicted with sickle cell disease. It begins by reviewing sickle cell disease. It then explores the five intra-personal factors to empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat the adverse symptoms of the affliction. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories and finally provides a critical judgment on the theory.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Critique of the Theory of Self-Care Management for Vulnerable Populations
From the Paper "The theory that Self-Care Management will increase health status and quality of life while reducing the urgent need for crisis episode intervention appears to be superficially self-evident. The basic concept of a good positive mental outlook, coupled together with increased self-esteem, armed with knowledge and a supportive social network is the recipe for success in most self-help seminars. This is generally accepted as true, and the authors of the theory provide of their theory through extensive research references, not the anecdotal testimonies associated with the above referenced seminars. Further, comparison to these self-help gurus is not meant to diminish the theory, or bring disrepute, the parallels are draw because, by a large part, those that properly practice these self-help techniques are successful in their endeavors. These intra-personal factors can be applied to any adverse personal circumstance, health related or other. The research is as sound as it is extensive, however the practical application of the theory is where the proponents made what may be fatal errors."
Abstract This paper is a country profile on Italy that reflects the current adversities that Italy faces. Afflictions outlined include illegal immigration, corruption, and elections. The paper explains the problems Italy has faced in the past, and the problems they face now. It also emphasizes the difficulty in repairing these problems.
From the Paper "The Italian Republic, better known as Italy, became a nationwide state in 1861; they were united under King Victor Emmanuel. It originally had a parliamentary government; that came to an abrupt end in the early 1920s when the Fascist leader, Benito Mussolini, established a dictatorship. He formed an alliance with Nazi Germany that ultimately led to both Mussolini and Italy's defeat in World War II.(1) Italy's economy was finally revived in 1946 when a democratic republic replaced the monarchy. In 1999, Italy joined the European Monetary Union and now uses the "Euro Dollar" as their currency. This paper will show that Italy's most current affliction revolves around the influx of illegal immigration."
Abstract This paper shall assess the impact that support groups and the perception of HIV and AIDS has on those that are afflicted with the disease. There is a focus on women and women's issues in respect to HIV and AIDS. Format is a literature review.
Abstract This paper considers the issue of finality and whether heroic projects to vanquish affliction transcend offense and yield finality, using the writings of Simone Weil and the section of "The Brothers Karamazov" known as "The Grand Inquisitor" by Fyodor Dostoyevsky. The paper suggests that the issue of "why" cannot be answered and that the question is thus meaningless and will never be answered. It argues that finality is achieved through faith and acceptance and will only be achievable in the next world.
From the Paper "One of the issues addressed by religious thought is the meaning of affliction, the means that can be taken to eliminate or mitigate it, with the possibility of finality as a result. Simone Weil examines these issues in her essays and notes the problem when she writes, "There can be no answer to the 'Why?' of the afflicted, because the world is necessity and not purpose. If there were finality in the world, the place of the good would not be in the other world. Whenever we look for final causes in this world it refuses them. But to know that it refuses, one has to ask" (90). The oft-asked question as to why god allows suffering can thus not be answered, for things are as they must be, with no other answer possible."
Abstract The paper looks at the self-care management theory that seeks to mitigate the circumstances of the vulnerable population through a positive approach to the symptoms of the disorder. The paper focuses on sickle cell disease and explores the five intra-personal factors that can empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat their afflictions. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories. The paper contends that the research is as sound as it is extensive, but in the practical application of the theory there may be fatal errors.
Outline:
Abstract
Theory Description
Theory Critique
From the Paper "This theory proposes methods and strategies to increase health and quality of life for members of vulnerable populations afflicted with Sickle Cell Disease. The vulnerable population is defined as members of social groups that experience a functionally lower level of health care due to lack of resources. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43) Membership in this disadvantaged social group is typically predicated by being a person of color, living in poverty, those marginalized due to sexual preference, immigrant status or religion. Additionally non-English speaking individuals, people with AIDS, and homeless families are general members of this social group. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43)"
Abstract This paper discusses and reviews three research articles that relate to counseling in different scenarios. The paper describes the content of each article and why that particular article is unique. It then provides a review of the discussion in the article according to the opinion of the writer of this paper. The paper discusses articles that relate to counseling behaviors associated with gay, lesbian and bisexual clients that are afflicted with additions, counseling behaviors in relation to conservative Christians in Louisiana and school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States.
Outline:
Counseling for Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Clients
Counseling of Conservative Christians
Counseling in Schools
From the Paper "Constantine and Gushue (2003) discuss school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States (p. 185). The article is unique because it focuses on an area of counseling that is not often approached through research and that provides insight into an issue that is a growing concern in the nation. It is known, for example, that growing numbers of Hispanic and Asian students exist in the nation and that many of these individuals, as first generation immigrants, have special needs and complications that make their socialization difficult. One of the purposes of school counseling in this case is to provide for the services that the student needs in order to make the transition into American society more effective."
Abstract This paper describes leprosy, a disease which has afflicted humanity since time immemorial and has, at one time or another, affected every continent. The paper describes the areas of the body most commonly affected by leprosy, the damage it causes, the approximate number of people afflicted with leprosy, its incubation period, treatment strategies and the best possible methods for its prevention.
From the Paper "The World Health Organization reports that at the beginning of 2005, the number of leprosy patients under treatment throughout the world was approximately 300,000 (Leprosy pp). During 2004, roughly 400,000 new cases were detected, among them, 47 percent were multibacillary cases, 12 percent were children, and 4 percent were diagnosed with severe disabilities (Leprosy pp). During the past three years, the global number of new cases detected has continued to decrease at a reduction rate of about 20 percent a year (Leprosy pp). Although leprosy control efforts have intensified, full control of the disease has eluded many parts of Angola, Brazil, India, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nepal, and the United Republic of Tanzania (Leprosy pp)."
Abstract An estimated 24 to 28 million Americans suffer from migraine headaches, which is the most common neurological disorder in the modern world and modern times. This affliction reduces work performance by 50% and accrues to wasted resources and a generally low-quality of life. The more common type of migraine afflicts 80% of all sufferers, who mostly do not consult with physicians. The paper shows that, at present, migraine attacks are managed with pain-killers, herbal medications, and alternative therapies. But research continues to discover more effective, safer and readily available modes to control migraines.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "The holistic and practical way of preventing migraine attacks consists of recognizing and avoiding triggers and taking prescription or appropriate drugs when the attacks begin (Robinson 1999). Certain habits must be established to avoid these attacks. These may be eating at regular times, reducing coffee intakes, keeping regular sleeping hours without oversleeping, restricting physical exertion and time management that will avoid or lessen stress at work or at home. Drugs that can help prevent migraine attacks are beta blockers, tricyclic anti-depressants, cancium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, prozac, monoamine ocidase inhibitors and serotonin antagonists (Robinson)."
Abstract This paper looks at the sickness, bulimia. The author shows how bulimia reflects the afflicted's need to feel in control. It is an ongoing battle they encounter with perfection. The characteristics of a bulimic and the disease itself are looked at in-depth.
From the Paper "Everybody eats. We do so both because we need to and because we enjoy it. However, as with all human behavior, there are huge differences between people. Some eat more, some eat less, some put on weight easily, others do not. And some people go to such extremes that they harm themselves, by eating too much or too little. As a result, they may harm their health and come to the attention of doctors. Here, we will discuss the issue of bulimia."
This is a research paper outlining the current issues in mental health, like the stigma that those afflicted will face. The paper looks at who was more likely to stigmatize based on age, sex and experience with mental health.
Abstract This study examines who is more likely to stigmatize the mentally ill according to their experiences. Specifically, the study examines the level of knowledge each participant has about mental health issues and their viewpoints on the mentally ill, and whether it is related to gender.
From the Paper "Stigma, has "traditionally been defined as a sign or mark that designates the bearer defective, and therefore as meriting less valued treatment than normal people" (Heatherton 2000:88). This view of an individual is apparent in all societies. The actual experience of stigma is common. Virtually everyone has experienced some form of stigmatization. Whether it is our personality, our dress, or our economic status. However it has been the mentally ill and former mentally ill individuals who "have traditionally been degraded and rejected; they have experienced prejudice similar to that experienced by racial and ethnic minorities" (Heatherton 2000:103). It is a fault in society to assume that everyone stigmatizes in the same way. It is the way we socialize our children that anyone different is less of a person. The mass media constantly characterizes the mentally ill as "sick", "dangerous", "worthless", "unpredictable" (Heatherton 2000:103). Literature found on mental illness usually states that stigma for the mentally ill is common to all society, but a closer look shows that it fails to differentiate between its origins. Specifically that everyone looks at the mentally ill the same way: that they are negative and violent."
Abstract This paper accounts for the problems that afflicted the new central American state, Mexico, during its first half-century of existence. This paper argues that the underlying problem was the absence of a shared political-constitutional vision within the country's creole elite. It further explains that what the new state needed to realize its potential was a period of sustained peace accompanied by the implementation of a consistent political-constitutional vision. From the point of view of nation building, it was not important whether the vision of the nation was liberal or conservative.
From the Paper "Although the constitutional settings to enable the new state to function smoothly had been laid down by the federalist constitution of 1824, during the first few decades after independence the elite grew increasingly divided over matters of political direction. A division manifested itself between liberals and conservatives. However, neither side ever remained in power long enough to impose its particular vision of political order upon Mexican society. Historically, dangerous divisions of this kind have been resolved or suppressed by a stable period of authoritarian, "strong man" rule. A peculiarity of the Mexican situation was that Mexico's greatest strong man in this period, General Santa Anna, did not use his power and popularity to create a consensus in favor of either liberalism or conservatism. Without elite consensus on constitutional fundamentals, however, there was not the least chance of successfully incorporating the Indians into the new order. The "caste war" of Yucatan was the most dramatic outcome of the Mexican elite's inability to establish an elementary consensus about the principles and character of the new republic."
Abstract A study of the meanings behind William Faulkner's 'Sound and the Fury'. In the novel, Faulkner examines death from many different perspectives within the Compson family. The characters of Quentin, Jason, and Caddy are afflicted with three main types of death: physical, spiritual and emotional. Faulkner also uses the characters of the Compson family to demonstrate that various forms of death often serve as coping mechanisms by which people try to deal with an oftentimes incomprehensible world.
From the Paper "In the novel The Sound and the Fury by William Faulkner, Faulker examines death from many different perspectives within the Compson family. The characters of Quentin, Jason, and Caddy are afflicted with three main types of death: physical, spiritual, and emotional. Within the framework of death, Faulkner illustrates his pessimistic view of the fate of the Compsons, and quite possibly of mankind. By using the Compson children as examples, Faulkner explores death on a physical, spiritual, and emotional level throughout the novel."
Abstract A paper which shows how Oxford University Prof. Anthony De Jasay presents an extremely negative view of the modern constitutional, contractual state in his book "The State". The author of the paper shows that the issues De Jasay raises in his book are both relevant and pertinent to some of the philosophical difficulties of government afflicting the modern United States and modern states across the globe.
From the Paper "De Jasay, over the course of his analysis, presents a rather interesting view of the nature of the state as a governing entity. Within his metaphor of the chastity belt with the key lies the assumption that the government, i.e. the state, exists in a perpetual state of desire. The state by its very nature, like a knight of old wishing keep his lovely wife's virtue safe while he is away doing battle, desires to keep safe individual liberties that ensure the perpetuation of citizen's liberties and that the state's very free and open nature remain intact and untouched. Yet also that same state has the desire penetrate (for lack of a better word) the individual freedoms of the populace. To prevent rampant penetration of individual liberties, a constitution is put into place that prevents rights from being impinged upon, but that constitution is state-created and thus has a key."
