Abstract
This paper analyzes the narrator and the theme of the book "Affliction" and discusses how effectively these elements are transferred to the film. It looks at the difficulties of translating a book such as "Affliction" to a movie without deviating significantly from the meaning or narration style of the book. Overall, the paper is positive review of both the book and the film.

From the Paper
"The affliction that Banks and Schrader have tried to capture is the strain and impact of brutality that affects every man but while some are string enough to overcome it, others fail to do so which eventually turns their lives upside down. But it is this affliction when it becomes overwhelmingly powerful that explains why some apparently sane people would commit violent crimes. Schrader has done justice to the strain of brutality that Banks describes as "barely controlled hysteria" (108) in the novel. The cinematography, the slick camera work and perfect performances all contributed to effective transformation of the novel into a movie."

Tags:wade, whitehouse, failure, abuse, brother, father, alcoholic, nick, nolte, james, coburn, sissy, spacek

Abstract
This paper looks at how the works "The Scarlet Letter" and "The Author to Her Book" provide a good definition of corrective afflictions. When thinking in terms of how the theme of corrective afflictions is present in the novel and the poem, one could define it as placing someone into a position of pain to correct some sort of sin that one has committed. This paper looks at how this concept influences the main characters of these writings.

From the Paper
"There are many corrective afflictions given to both Anne and Hester. Hester and "the ill formed offspring,"(140) are the children who display these corrective afflictions to their mothers. God placed all of Hester and Anne's corrective afflictions upon them, in order to fix pieces of their lives that seemed to be broken. Both Anne Bradstreet and Hester Prynne walk through life with challenges that appear dismal, having thoughts of there being no chance for happiness. Through the afflictions given to the mothers from the children, and the abnormalities that the mother's must respond to, there are lessons for Anne and Hester to learn from Pearl and the "ill formed offspring." Yet, the afflictions are adherent to the fact that it will make their lives seemingly complete. The corrective afflictions change Hester and Anne's perception from their lives being utterly worthless, to wanting to make their lives one with the righteous of heart and soul."

Tags:hester, pearl, pain, lesson, correct, sin

Abstract
This paper is a country profile on Italy that reflects the current adversities that Italy faces. Afflictions outlined include illegal immigration, corruption, and elections. The paper explains the problems Italy has faced in the past, and the problems they face now. It also emphasizes the difficulty in repairing these problems.

From the Paper
"The Italian Republic, better known as Italy, became a nationwide state in 1861; they were united under King Victor Emmanuel. It originally had a parliamentary government; that came to an abrupt end in the early 1920s when the Fascist leader, Benito Mussolini, established a dictatorship. He formed an alliance with Nazi Germany that ultimately led to both Mussolini and Italy's defeat in World War II.(1) Italy's economy was finally revived in 1946 when a democratic republic replaced the monarchy. In 1999, Italy joined the European Monetary Union and now uses the "Euro Dollar" as their currency. This paper will show that Italy's most current affliction revolves around the influx of illegal immigration."

Tags:benito, mussolini, europe, lira, euro, sicily, silvio, berlusconi, government, rome

Abstract
This paper examines Coretta Dorsey and Carolyn Murdaugh's theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations, in particular those afflicted with sickle cell disease. It begins by reviewing sickle cell disease. It then explores the five intra-personal factors to empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat the adverse symptoms of the affliction. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories and finally provides a critical judgment on the theory.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Critique of the Theory of Self-Care Management for Vulnerable Populations

From the Paper
"The theory that Self-Care Management will increase health status and quality of life while reducing the urgent need for crisis episode intervention appears to be superficially self-evident. The basic concept of a good positive mental outlook, coupled together with increased self-esteem, armed with knowledge and a supportive social network is the recipe for success in most self-help seminars. This is generally accepted as true, and the authors of the theory provide of their theory through extensive research references, not the anecdotal testimonies associated with the above referenced seminars. Further, comparison to these self-help gurus is not meant to diminish the theory, or bring disrepute, the parallels are draw because, by a large part, those that properly practice these self-help techniques are successful in their endeavors. These intra-personal factors can be applied to any adverse personal circumstance, health related or other. The research is as sound as it is extensive, however the practical application of the theory is where the proponents made what may be fatal errors."

Tags:symptoms, affliction, support, cognitive, behavior

Abstract
The paper uses the psychodynamic personality theory and trait theory to examine the personality of Wade Whitehouse, a fictional character and the protagonist of the film "Affliction". The paper then provides a description and rationale of personality trait theory and analyzes the character of Wade Whitehouse in light of this theory. The paper reaches the conclusion that trait theories serve as reasonable models for understanding individual personalities, but the identification and assessment of traits alone is not sufficient to truly understand the behaviors and attitudes produced by a particular personality.

Outline:
Introduction
Wade Whitehouse: Personality Breakdown According to Psychodynamic Theory
Wade Whitehouse: Personality Breakdown According to Trait Theory
Description and Rationale of Personality Trait Theory
Wade Whitehouse: Character Description
Character Analysis: Trait Theory
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Personality theories come in several major forms; trait theories are generally concerned with external attitudes and behaviors that can lead to an understanding of various traits inherent internal traits. These theories have proven somewhat more consistent and effective in identifying and treating certain disorders as well as providing basic therapy than equivalent psychodynamic theories and methodologies (Bhar & Beck 2008; Smith 1999). The general underlying premise behind trait theories is that individuals have certain inborn personality traits, most likely determined by genetics, that continue to influence and affect behavior throughout life (Tzeng & Tzeng 1981). Though external situations and factors also influence the development of and manifestation of certain traits, trait theories place the primary burden of responsibility for the development of unique personalities on internal factors.
"Many trait theory-based therapies involve coming to a conscious understanding of one's own traits, and how they can be adjusted and utilized to overcome certain disorders and situations, as opposed to other theories that look to remove or entirely alter certain underlying causes of psychological disorders and disturbances (Milrod 2009; Burgin 2009). When analyzing a given personality using trait theories, it is usually necessary for the individual being analyzed to fill out an extensive questionnaire which provides the researcher with information regarding how the individuals perceive things and react to these perceptions--provides evidence, that is, of their personality traits (Edwards & Abbott 1973). Observations can also be made without the use of such instruments, provided that sufficient instances of behavior and evidence of attitudes can be observed from the detached perspective of the researcher."

Tags:trait, theory, behavior, environment

Abstract
This paper shall assess the impact that support groups and the perception of HIV and AIDS has on those that are afflicted with the disease. There is a focus on women and women's issues in respect to HIV and AIDS. Format is a literature review.

Abstract
The paper looks at the self-care management theory that seeks to mitigate the circumstances of the vulnerable population through a positive approach to the symptoms of the disorder. The paper focuses on sickle cell disease and explores the five intra-personal factors that can empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat their afflictions. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories. The paper contends that the research is as sound as it is extensive, but in the practical application of the theory there may be fatal errors.

Outline:
Abstract
Theory Description
Theory Critique

From the Paper
"This theory proposes methods and strategies to increase health and quality of life for members of vulnerable populations afflicted with Sickle Cell Disease. The vulnerable population is defined as members of social groups that experience a functionally lower level of health care due to lack of resources. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43) Membership in this disadvantaged social group is typically predicated by being a person of color, living in poverty, those marginalized due to sexual preference, immigrant status or religion. Additionally non-English speaking individuals, people with AIDS, and homeless families are general members of this social group. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43)"

Tags:intra-personal, factors, quality, of, life, assertiveness, coping, behaviors, knowledge, self-efficacy, social, support

Abstract
This paper examines how Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, usually life-long, potentially fatal, autoimmune disease that can be difficult to diagnose. It looks at how, since the disease is estimated to afflict anywhere between 500,000 to 2 million Americans, it is important that the medical community take the necessary steps to ensure that it continuously educates its fraternity about the disease's symptoms, methods of diagnosis, types, and treatment. It researches lupus, its causes and symptoms, available treatment, and its impact on patients' lives.

From the Paper
"Unlike diseases such as Cancer, AIDS, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, Lupus is a relatively unknown illness in common parlance. The fact that there is little awareness or knowledge about Lupus among the lay public is, in fact, surprising considering that it is now estimated that the disease afflicts anywhere between 500,000 and 1.5 million Americans. One reason for the lack of public awareness about Lupus could be that for most people, Lupus is a mild disease affecting only a few organs (Lahita, 2001). However, the more likely reason is perhaps the fact that, though considerable advances have been made in the last ten years in the diagnosis and treatment of lupus, the disease still remains something of a mystery (Whitaker, 2001)."

Tags:autoimmune, inflammatory.

Abstract
Osteoporosis has been estimated to afflict from five to twenty million people in the United States alone. It is the principal cause of skeletal fractures in the elderly. The paper shows that while consuming enough calcium is important, bone health is more than just a matter of getting enough calcium in your diet. The paper examines what medical science knows about calcium and bone, and what it does not know about the disease, and overall bone health. The paper addresses five areas: calcium and bone, calcium nutrition, illnesses caused by insufficient calcium, suggested calcium intakes and, lastly, osteoporosis and calcium.

From the Paper
"Osteoporosis is a silent disease and there might not be symptoms until a bone breaks and the condition is recognized after the incident on x-rays. The first sign may be hip or low back pain, or painful swelling of a wrist after a fall. Persons who fall into the risk factor groups should do all they can to avoid these symptoms by eating well and exercising. It is best to prevent the disease by building sturdy bones in childhood, but there are other steps you can take. Your peak bone mass is reached during your twenties and thirties so get regular weight bearing exercise, such as walking. In addition, get plenty of calcium in your diet and if need be use supplements. The average American diet contains about five hundred milligrams a day, but one thousand milligrams a day is recommended and needed. Do not smoke, and drink alcohol only in moderation. If you are at risk of developing osteoporosis and are nearing menopause, talk with your doctor about estrogen or other hormone replacement therapies."

Tags:Vitamin, D, bone, phosphate

Abstract
Diabetes is estimated to afflict approximately 12 million Americans. It is estimated also that per-capita annual health care expenditures are more than three times greater for diabetics ($9,493) than non-diabetics ($2,604). The first part of the paper examines diabetes and its different types. It shows the importance of continuing medical care and education for diabetic sufferers and the creation of public health programs in rural areas throughout America. The remainder of the paper reviews the types of evaluation methodologies than may be employed in the evaluation of programs for diabetics operated by rural clinics.

From the Paper
"Effective public health management programs for diabetics have been developed. Such programs have been implemented with the greatest success in urban area. While programs are present in rural areas, staffing, resources, support, and use of the programs for diabetics in rural areas, as is true of other public health programs located in rural areas, tends to lag behind the levels of these factors that affect urban programs (Castro, 1996). As a consequence diabetics residing in rural areas may not be receiving optimal levels of treatment, support, and management for their disease conditions. Thus, the importance of evaluating the programs for diabetics operated by rural clinics cannot be over emphasized."

Tags:insulin, NIDDN, self-care