Abstract This paper outlines the origins of the Boeing Aerospace Company which which first started in a boathouse in 1915 and today is the world's leading aerospace company. It describes William Boeing's early life, his first plane designs and flight experiences and his airmail career. It examines its contibutions to the military in World War I and its near bancruptcy afterwards.
From the Paper "Boeing also opened the first airmail service between Vancouver and Seattle in a B-1 Flying Boat. In 1934, federal antitrust laws forbade airmail carriers from associating themselves with aircraft manufacturers. The government also canceled its airmail contracts with private planes and gave them to the United States Army. But when the army lost 12 airmail pilots in two months, the government had no choice except to give the contracts back to the companies. Boeing was the only one who did not get his contract back because he was declared ?ineligible and unfit to carry airmail.?"
Abstract This paper provides an insight into aerospace engineering, the flight of vehicles in space, beyond the earth's atmosphere which includes the study and development of rocket engines, artificial satellites and spacecraft. It examines the plethora of purposes that it serves with earthbound vehicles and household supplies and discusses the various tasks that an aerospace engineer team performs. It looks at the future of aerospace engineering including education, new products and challenges to the aerospace engineering program in the United States.
Outline
Introduction
Definition of Aerospace Engineering
Plethora of Purposes
Earthbound Vehicles
Household Products
Tasks that an Aerospace Engineer Performs
The Engineer
The Scientist
The Technician
The Future of Aerospace Engineering
Education
New Products
Challenges to Aerospace Engineering
Conclusion
From the Paper "The engineer can serve of to twelve different purposes. For this discussion we will only focus on four of these purposes including; analytical, computational fluid dynamics, design, and systems software. Analytical engineering involves the combination of math and rudimentary engineering practices. The computational fluid dynamics engineering implements the use of high speed computers to solve complex nonlinear equations which govern fluid motion. ("Education") Design engineering determines the arrangement, function and structure of a component or the entire design of a vehicle. ("Education") Finally, systems software engineering involves performing the proper analysis of the system."
Tags: artificial, satellites, rocket, engines, space
Abstract This paper provides insights into how aerospace manufacturers are tackling the task of transforming lean production lessons learned into lean enterprise strategies and instituting lasting change at the process level. The paper discusses the steps that aerospace manufacturing companies are taking to overcome the challenges of making lean enterprise strategies become part of their permanent sourcing, manufacturing and fulfillment strategies. The paper also illustrates how measures of supply chain, manufacturing and fulfillment can be effective in measuring the progress of aerospace companies in becoming leaner. The paper contains tables and charts.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Table of Figures
List of Tables
Defining Lean Best Practices in the Aerospace Industry
Evolution of the Lean Enterprise in Aerospace Taking a Process-Centric View of Lean Transformation
Roadmap to Lean Best Practices Starts with Business Process Management (BPM) and Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)
Barriers Aerospace Manufacturers Face in Becoming Lean
Measuring Progress towards Being Lean in the Aerospace Industry
Recommendations for Attaining Lean Transformation
Appendices
From the Paper "Aerospace manufacturers are continually under pressure to reduce costs and increase product quality, while at the same time better aligning their production processes with demand in the form of product and service requirements from customers. This is the essence of their lean manufacturing vision. The pressure to continually increase the return on invested capital (ROIC) while better serving their more demanding customers, and increasingly responding to their unique and often customized product and service requests requires a complete re-alignment of the manufacturing, service, and support processes that encompass a manufacturing operation. To accomplish the strategic objectives of being more customer-centric in both aerospace manufacturing and services processes, being able to respond to the customers' highly specialized needs for products while at the same time making aerospace operations more efficient is at the heart of the lean manufacturing philosophy pervading global manufacturers today. Simply put, lean manufacturing focuses on the elimination of all forms of waste, continuous improvement, and simplification of business processes. Through constant stream of Kaizen (continuous improvement) events, manufacturers systematically attack waste, streamline processes, and improve operational flexibility. Core to the Lean philosophy is the notion that operations and processes have become too complex to be self-correcting in their alignment to the rapidly changing demands of customers (Philip Beaumont 2002). Lean manufacturing supports the simplification of production processes to ensure a higher level of visibility through better metrics of performance and the use of dashboards and key performance indicators and hence control of their operations and processes. Lean's original roots were in the Toyota Production System and focused on improving automotive manufacturing. Lean is firmly rooted in the automotive supply base and similar industrial markets where operating margins are tight and management of working capital is critical to survival. However, as the success of lean has become more widely known, it is being adopted by many industries and is spreading into many other areas of the value chain. For those manufacturers successfully adopting lean, the motives are clear -- provide superior value to the customer while at the same time improve profitability."
This paper is a business analysis of the company Lockheed Martin which is one of the world's leading system integrators in aerospace, defense and technology services.
Abstract This paper is a business analysis of Lockheed Martin, a world leader of system integrators in aerospace, defense and technology services. It describes the company's mission, details its management staff, introduces its product line and details the company's corporate strategy.
From the Paper "Lockheed's vision is to become the world's leading system integrator in aerospace, defense and technology services. Through this it aims to accomplish its corporate strategy which is performance excellence on the core defense/aerospace businesses; divest non-core businesses and assets; extract value from adjacent businesses through participation by strategic partners and access of public markets."
Tags: Lockheed, Martin, aerospace, defense, technology, United, States, corporate, bussiness
Abstract This paper compares the focus, mission, challenges, and business practices of the two dominating aerospace companies, Boeing and Lockheed Martin. The paper takes a look at external and internal influences on the companies, their strengths and weaknesses, their public images, and the public's overall image of the aerospace industry. Finally, the paper includes recommendations for the future for improving the aerospace industry, in general, and for improving companies like Boeing and Lockheed Martin, in particular.
Brief History
Mission
Recent Growth
Industry Trends
External Environment
Data
Agencies Affecting Industry
Society's Outlook
Group Recommendation
Conclusion
From the Paper "Lockheed Martin is a large global organization that specializes in providing advanced technology and services to government and private clients. The culture of the company reflects an established willingness to work closely with the customer to provide solutions, and often customer needs are portrayed as being the same along lines of
company policy. The company is seen by many to be an industry leader that provides its customers with new technological directions. In this way, Lockheed Martin appears to be embracing what many see as the future of business in the twenty-first century by demonstrating that it is closely aligned with and attuned to customer needs; that is, the
company has a reputation of putting the customer first and working with the customer in a way that is organic and progressive. The company provides what is generally construed to be a positive atmosphere in which teamwork is encouraged within a framework of effective leadership."
Abstract This paper outlines and discusses the strategic plan of Boeing that has enabled the company to remain a great competitive force in the aerospace industry. The paper takes into consideration the company's history and background, mission and values, its goals, financial strategies and ethical issues. The paper concludes that Boeing has survived as a strong competitive company in the aerospace industry as a result of the mergers, goals, plans and strategies that it has implemented over the years, as well as its ability to recover from past scandals that have forced other companies into bankruptcy and failure. The paper is of the opinion that the future of Boeing appears very bright, so long as these same strategies and standards are consistently met.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Company Background
Vision Statement
Mission Statement & Values Statement
Environmental Analysis
Long Term Objectives
Strategic Analysis and Choice
Plan Goals and Implementation
Financial Projections and Analysis
Critical Success Factors
Controls and Evaluation
From the Paper "According to recent statistics released by Boeing, Boeing is the number one U.S. exporter in terms of sales, and has a reach that covers up to 145 different countries. Among Boeing's capabilities are the creation of new efficient staff members, the integration of military platforms, defense systems and the war fighter through network operations. Boeing's headquarters are located in Chicago Illinois, and the company employs over 153,000 individuals located in 67 countries. Over 83,800 Boeing employees hold college degrees, 29,000 advanced degrees in a range of business and technical fields."
Abstract The paper discusses the factors that an aerospace company should consider when seeking to expand its operations. Specifically referring to Affiliated Aerospace Enterprises (AAE), the paper suggests that
a comparison be made with France and the United States as potential locations for AAE's new production facility and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each. The paper follows with an analysis of the impact of a decline in the exchange rate and appropriate responses for AAE.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Factors to Consider in Entering New Foreign Markets
Comparison of France and the United States for Expansion Purposes
Impact of a Decline of the Sterling Exchange Rate and Appropriate Responses
Multiplier Effects of Investments in Research and Development
From the Paper "Companies seeking to expand their operations into foreign markets have much to consider because there is a lot at stake. According to Stanat and West (1999), "Entry into the global marketplace is a form of diversification and needs to be treated just as carefully as consideration of a new product or a new market sector. The biggest limitation to globalization is the lack of will to engage in and drive a global marketing program" (p. 35). Two of the biggest challenges involved in such foreign market expansion efforts are acquiring the resources needed for such initiatives and developing a keen understanding of the differences represented by the target country. In this regard, one authority advises, "Regardless of whether the new venture always intended international expansion or whether it pursues expansion after it becomes established, the firm faces many difficulties (e.g., acquiring needed resources, understanding target market differences, etc.) in its international expansion efforts."
Abstract This paper presents a brief overview of nanotechnology. It first looks into some of the potential medical, technological and environmental applications of nanotechnology. The paper then looks at carbon nanotubes which are the focus of the aerospace industry. The paper concludes that the frontier of nanotechnology is likely to develop rapidly and become the way of the future.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Nanotechnology (Molecular Manufacturing)
Medical Applications
Electronics
Green Nano
Aerospace Conclusion
From the Paper "Carbon nanotubes are the focus of aerospace industry because of their special electrical and mechanical properties. They are 100 times stronger than steel at one sixth the weight. Several studies have shown that carbon nanotubes are ideal building material because of their high tensile strength and low weight. Further, the high conductive nature of carbon nanotubes makes them highly suitable for aviation electronics. [Belluccia et.al] As Dr. Bourne, from the NRC Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences (NRC-SIMS) in Ottawa says, "If we can show that these carbon nanotube composites can perform as expected in these applications, then this will go a long way to validating their use in the really big market - aerospace." [NRC]"
A review of peer-reviewed and scholarly literature concerning opinions and recommendations relevant to large-scale project management for use in the aviation/aerospace industry.
Abstract This paper reviews research and literature concerning project management considerations in the aviation/aerospace industry today. The author explains the processes that project management entails for a successful project. The paper also identifies and defines the useful tools for project management, such as the goal, the approach, the costs, the personnel, the timetable, and the deliverables.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background
The Aerospace Focus on Project Management
Today's Project Management
Communicating Project Status
Conclusion
From the Paper "Software has been developed to assist the project manager in organizing and monitoring the project data. This software provides the ability to easily produce a variety of reports that are well known within the project management profession. For illustration purposes this paper will provide examples from the most commonly used project control software, Microsoft Project; however, software alone will not bring a project to a successful conclusion. Conveying the information it produces and, convincing others of the appropriate action plan, requires effective communication and people skills."
Abstract This report provides the information necessary to troubleshoot industry obstacles and develop consistent marketing strategies. It looks at how technology in the defense/aerospace electronic markets is advancing at unbelievable rates. As these technologies begin to unite, the need for information from a variety of sources will become even greater.
From the Paper "Most aerospace companies transversely the supply chains are active in both civil and military markets. Although customer requirements for military and civil aircraft are very different, a general technological base feeds both activities. The way in which the interface between military and commercial activities is managed varies from company to company. Specialized military aerospace divisions are the standard for the systems assemblers. Often aerospace corporations control military-oriented divisions operating in other sectors like electronics, shipbuilding, weapons and munitions, thus consolidating military activities across a range of sectors and areas of expertise. In contrast, the defence industries have had to face a reduction in the volume of the domestic and international markets from their climax levels in the mid-1980s. Worldwide military expenditure has fallen conspicuously. According to estimates from the Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC), military expenditure is now below 2 percent of the global gross national product as compared to over 5 percent at the end of the1980s. Although R&D expenditures have also been pretentious by these trends, there are big differences across countries. While defence R&D has collapsed in Russia, among OECD countries it has fallen by less than 20% since the early 1990s and remains very momentous in many European countries. In France, for instance, public expenditure in defence R&D has fallen by a third since 1990, but its present level is the same as in the mid-1980s (Serfati 1998)."
Abstract The demographics of the national defense industry are discussed, including the size of the defense forces and their mission. The major factors facing the aerospace industry today, such as the lack of funds for research and development of new technologies and the loss of U.S. superiority in space, are outlined.
From the Paper "In the area of national defense, there are two major demographic forces at work. A primary worry is the number of people serving in the armed services, and their missions. An armed service prepared mainly for peacekeeping missions is one very different from one prepared for combat, and today, most of our military force is primarily regarded as a peacekeeping force. Many also believe the military should somehow represent the demographics of our society, which is not always possible or necessary.
Adding to that stress is the notion of some that the U.S. military must replicate society, responding to a variety of domestic demographic and social issues. To presume that the military must replicate society is, we believe, another dangerous notion. While the military must represent society, it cannot replicate society without eroding the very basis of the military's purpose and cohesion (Sarkesian and Connor 435)."
Tags: peacekeeping, combat, military, space, army, funding, space, satellites, power
Abstract Summary: This paper is written about Canadarm. Canadarm represents a very sophisticated piece of aerospace engineering-eight years in the making and costing about $100 million ("Case Study: Canadarm and Canadarm2," n.d.). Fifteen meters in length and weighing 410 kg (making it unable to support itself in Earth gravity), the Canadarm boasts six joints-or what are called six degrees of freedom: two at the shoulder (yaw, pitch); one at the elbow (pitch); and three at the wrist (pitch, yaw, roll).
Abstract This paper first assesses the suitability of existing quality management programs to small aerospace suppliers, pointing out that these programs are not the most reliable and cost-effective programs for small suppliers. The paper then goes on to recommend a framework that will enable such companies to embark upon an alternative approach to quality management.
Introduction
Background and Overview
Structure of ISO 9000
Baldrige Quality Award Criteria
European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM).
Discussion and Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "Barker Coppinger (2003) favorably reviewed AS9100, an ISO 9000 derivative standard for use in aerospace industry, and concluded that it will yield superior quality. This level of quality assurance is appropriate for suppliers of flight equipment; however, it appears to be excessive for suppliers involved in the production of non-flight hardware. A review of the non-flight supply base of a major U.S aerospace OEM reveals that over 80 percent of such suppliers employ less than 100 people and generate annual EBIT below $250,000. Clearly, small companies such as this will find it difficult to make the financial investment required for ISO 9000 certification, which has been variously estimated between $140,000 and $160,000 (Holtz, 1997; Quality Systems & Plexus Corporation, 2000)."
Abstract The writer explains that in the past few years, competition among various business industries has dramatically increased, resulting in a scramble by companies to develop and implement numerous process improvement initiatives to remain competitive. The writer notes that Boeing, the world's leading aerospace company and the largest manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft combined, is an example of a company that has successfully implemented these initiatives. This paper discusses the process improvement initiatives that Boeing has successfully implemented, and concludes with a SWOT analysis of this industry leader. The writer concludes that a SWOT analysis of Boeing indicates that the company is very strong in competitive capabilities and market resources, and does not face very many threats to market opportunity.
Outline:
Boeing Overview & Introduction
Boeing's Mission & Strategies
SWOT Analysis of Boeing
From the Paper "Boeing's company mission involves leadership and impact in the field of aerospace, with the objective of insuring that it remains the aerospace industry leader in the 21st century. Boeing believes that using knowledge, insight and to the full extent of their capabilities help provide the most creative and affordable solutions to their customer's needs. Boeing's values statement also runs parallel to its vision and mission statement. According to Boeing, the value of their company begins with trust and dependability. The company has proven their dependability to their customers and their goal of speed and urgency by improving commercial airplane production. Boeing strives to develop its company values by developing team leadership skills at every level, including management, design performance, support products, and financial results. Boeing's business strategies involve the incorporation of the "just in time inventory" theory, which is an inventory strategy implemented to improve the return on investment of a business by reducing in-process inventory and its associated costs. In just in time inventory, new stock is ordered when stock reaches the re-order level, which saves warehouse space and costs. The risk of this system is that the re-order level is determined by historical demand; if demand rises above the historical average, the company can deplete inventory, leading to customer satisfaction issues."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) of the USA, an all-volunteer organization, made up of pilots and other young citizens who care enough about their country to put their time into a worthy cause. According to the paper, the mission of the Civil Air Patrol is broken down into three functions: emergency services, aerospace education and cadet training.
Outline:
Abstract
The Civil Air Patrol - Recent News and Information
From the Paper "But the CAP wasn't only offering help through the air; volunteer CAP teams went "door-to-door through demolished neighborhoods to find trapped victims," the AFPN report explained. When the initially search and recovery efforts were finished, the CAP volunteers had surveyed 4,266 homes and made 8,524 contacts with people affected by the hurricane. The CAP volunteers had flown 1,848 hours over the widespread area affected by the storm, and had contributed over 35,495 hours of hands-on assistance to the effort."
Tags: private, aircraft, Pearl, Harbor, World, War, II, aerospace, education, Katrina, Rita
