Abstract
This paper explains that patients often confide information through natural dialogue with nurses, expressing their understanding of their own health, their concerns about after-care, and personal needs they feel are or are not being met by other members of the health care team. The author points out that the greatest need for a patient advocate is in circumstances where temporary or chronic psychological diseases or processes, such as epilepsy, reduce the individual's ability to self-advocate. The paper relates that the position as advocate may put the nurse into circumstances of conflict with other care providers, especially doctors, but the role of the nurse is to advocate for the needs of the client.

From the Paper
"The nurse has a distinct advantage, over many other health care professionals in that they often spend the most time with patients. In this role, they interact on a clinical as well as social level with the patient and in almost every setting learn things about the patient that others providing care may never know. It is for this reason that nurses are the most logical persons to act as advocates for patients. As an advocate for a patient a nurse might be able to influence care to better meet the holistic needs of patients."

Tags:self-advocate, doctors, concerns, conflict, holistic

Abstract
The paper describes how in the HBO television movie WIT!, Emma Thompson portrays an English professor that is diagnosed with cancer and begins a struggle for survival that teaches her about what is important in life. The movie serves to teach the audience as well, depicting a realistic situation in which Thompson receives little support for her plight and even less human kindness. At the hospital where Thompson frequently is admitted for treatments, the staff visualizes her as just another cancer patient. The paper portrays how one nurse is capable of befriending the character and demonstrating her honest concern for Thompson's well being.

Tags:nursing, advocate, patients

Abstract
The issue of whether or not prayer should be allowed in schools has long been debated. This paper attempts to equally present both sides of the debate and also weigh in on the pros and cons of the issue. It also reviews what types of prayers may be said in schools if mandatory prayer is allowed. In addition, it discusses who will make the final decision as to whether or not prayer should be allowed in schools.

From the Paper
"There are four major reasons why advocates believe that prayer should be allowed in school. These reasons are; the elimination of school prayer leads to moral decline, the government is based on religious principles, the free exercise of religion clause allows for school prayer, and the majority of Americans advocate school prayer. (School Prayer a Community at War)"

Tags:state, religion, education, children, christianity, moral, church, bible, god, court, law

Abstract
In this work, the role of the nurse as the patient advocate in the field of psychology treatment is explored through two seminal works on the role of the nurse as advocate for the mentally ill patient. After reviewing these two works, Hummelvoll's "The Nurse-Client Alliance Model" and Vuckovich's "The Ethics of Involuntary Procedures", the paper concludes that the role of the nurse patient advocate in psychiatric nursing is crucial to the well-being of the patient, and though it evolves with the differences in care and the level of self-advocacy, a patient can provide it is a major part of the care process.

From the Paper
"The issue of ethics is central to the nurses ability to provide services for a client as his or her advocate and in one article the psych nurse's ability to base decisions on ethical grounds for the greater goods of the client is explored, and within the work the role of nurse as patient advocate is explored, though secondarily through the language of the article. Though issues become much more complicated when involuntary procedures are concerned nurses rely on experience, not excluding the experience with the patients themselves as a guide. Without the role of advocate these decisions would be much harder to make."

Tags:nurse-client-relationship, professional, medical, psychosocial, cognitive, abilities

Abstract
This paper discusses the role of the Judge Advocate General's office which provides legal advice to the upper command of the military as well as serves as the prosecutors of criminal offenders that violate military law. In particular, the paper focuses on the importance of effective communication in maintaining a productive work environment in the department as well as showing the potential consequences of a breakdown in communication. The paper further describes the communication environment in the Judge Advocate General's office as being both open and structured. Additionally, the paper notes the direction of communication, which is downward and lateral. Finally, the paper notes areas for potential confusion in which the military and criminal justice aspects of this department may become blurred. The paper concludes by stating that in order for a criminal justice agency or an organization to have effective communication the environment must be both open and supportive.

From the Paper
"The communication climate of the Judge Advocate General's Office is one efficiency and productivity. The military is run like a well-oiled machine and communication processes are mostly formal. All staff members have a clear understanding of their roles and the leadership is effective in communication commands and instructions. Job performance can be affected by an inadequate understanding of expected details ().In the JAG office staff members are effective communicators and there are rarely issues with any type of miscommunications.
Communication climate can be defined as the internal environment of information exchange among people through an organization's formal and informal networks (Buchholtz, 2001).The communication climate of the Judge Advocate General's Office is both open and structured. In the military functions the climate is formal and so are the communications. In the criminal justice functions of the agency communication is open and staff members can express ideas freely. Staff members are encouraged to express ideas and are supported by the leadership. "

Tags:JAG, chain of command, legal advisers, criminal justice process

Abstract
The paper shows how the play "Doctor Faustus" and the movie "The Devil's Advocate" both deal with similar themes including the struggle between good and evil and how the seven deadly sins can corrupt. It shows how, in each of the works, vanity is the primary sin that leads each character into evil. While this does create an overall similarity in theme, there are also some important differences between each work.

From the Paper
"Faustus chooses to sign a pact with the devil because of his need to succeed. Faustus seeks power, imagining in the opening scenes that he will have wealth and have the ability to remake Europe and change the world. It is not only ambition that drives Faustus, it is also a belief that he knows better than everyone. Faustus refuses to accept anything he has studied, as these things are just the works of others, instead he believes that only what he has to offer is worth anything. This is how Faustus's pride appears in the play, in his belief in his own self-importance and his ambition to realize this importance. It is these qualities that allow him to reject God in the first place. While he is aware of the consequences, his excessive vanity causes him to believe that somehow he will be excused from the rules of God. This same vanity is also the downfall of Lomax in The Devil's Advocate."

Tags:Kevin, Lomax, John, Milton, Mary-Ann

Abstract
No issue conjures up more emotions than the animal rights debate. As one expert explains, advocates of animal rights seem to think that their adversaries are selfish, unthinking, cruel, and even morally blind while those who oppose animal rights appear to think that "the advocates are fanatical and even bizarre, willing to trample on important human interests for the sake of rats and mice and salmon" (Sunstein and Nussbaum 4). In light of this interesting debate, the following discussion examines the morality of zoos. Specifically, the current study presents the argument that zoos are moral provided that animals are treated with proper care and kindness.

From the Paper
THE MORALITY OF ZOOS Introduction No issue conjures up more emotions than the animal rights debate. As one expert explains, advocates of animal rights seem to think that their adversaries are selfish, unthinking, cruel, and even morally blind while those who oppose animal rights appear to think that "the advocates are fanatical and even bizarre, willing to trample on important human interests for the sake of rats and mice and salmon" (Sunstein and Nussbaum 4). In light of this interesting debate, the following discussion examines the morality of zoos. Specifically, the current study presents the

Tags:ethics, animal rights, morality zoos

Abstract
This paper addresses the current situation that our country is facing with "spam." It focuses on spam advocates, the opposition, and their points of view. Some groups examined are the marketers, Internet service providers, consumers, organizations, and free speech advocates. The paper is written with a tendency towards electing an opt-in procedure for future spam. There is great support with statistics and summaries of spam legislation. It contains extremely current information and data.

From the Paper
"In this paper we are exploring the issue of spam and whether or not the US should adopt an "opt in" or "opt out" procedure. To do this we are looking at the major players involved in the spam problem that plagues the Internet today. These groups include marketers, Internet service providers (ISPs), consumers, corporations, and free speech advocates. We will also be taking into consideration examples from other countries, such as Korea and the UK, who have already adopted legislation on the issue. Thus far in the United States only "opt out" legislation has been considered. The "opt out" system establishes the right to oppose spam for those who do not wish to receive commercial non-solicited communications. The "opt in" scheme means that commercial non-solicited communications are only addressed to those who have given their previous and express consent for it. There are both positive and negative implications in both of these systems for each of the major players in the US. We will discuss these thoroughly and argue that "opt in" is the system that the United States should adopt."

Tags:computers, email, internet, laws, legislation

Abstract
The paper presents a nursing situation that demonstrates the role and responsibility of nurses as advocates of patient safety and quality of care. The paper discusses the issues raised in this particular situation such as lack of time for nurses to offer even basic care to their patients, harm caused to patients because of not getting basic care, the patient's and family's right to know, how the truth should be told, and the problems connected with whistle-blowing. The paper then looks at possible options and resolutions for dealing with the issues.

Outline:
Introduction
Core Issues in the Situation
Potential Options
Analysis of Each Option
Theoretically Defensible Position
What Made the Situation Challenging?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"refers to adhering to high moral principles or professional standards.
In this series on the heart of nursing, the role of integrity in nursing practice merits a mention. Every year, market researchers conduct a poll in various countries to find out how the population surveyed rate a range of professions and occupations in relation to honesty and ethical standards. In Australia, the UK and the United States, nurses are frequently ranked number one, or pretty close to it. In the US, nurses have been ranked top for 'honesty and integrity' every year since 1999, except 2001, when they were ranked second.
"Being honest is at the heart of our work. That is why the charge nurse is still upset about the part he played in Meg's care, and why nurses often go home troubled because they have not, in their own eyes, been able to maintain integrity in their practice."

Tags:Care, nurses, patients, medication, treatment, doctor

Abstract
The paper shows that abortion, according to the Court, refers to the termination of pregnancy with the consent of the mother. Therefore even when the mother herself is demanding abortion, pro-lifers maintain that termination must not be allowed because it violates basic rights of the unborn child. The paper shows too how the pro-choice quarter on the other hand, advocates a mother's right to health and feels that an unwanted child would only lead to numerous economic, social and emotional problems for the woman. The paper therefore addresses both sides of the issue and also briefly mentions the role of the Supreme Court in this area.

From the Paper
"The pro-choice movement on the other hand advocates rights of the mother. It maintains that a child in the womb is not a fully developed person and therefore his rights are not as important as that of the mother and similarly it is her life and health, which must be kept in mind, when decision regarding pregnancy is being made. (Gordon, 1995) Logically speaking, this group appears to have more valid and reasonable arguments in favor of its stance in the subject but there are certain extremes, which are to be avoided by this group. This is because it is the extreme views, which have turned pro-lifers against pro-choice group. The extreme involves not considering the unborn child a human being even in the final stage of pregnancy. It is true that a child cannot be called a person in prenatal stage, but still he is a fully developed human being when pregnancy has reached the end of its term. Therefore to support abortion at this stage is absolutely wrong because it would be the same thing as killing a human being. "

Tags:clinics, Roe, vs., Wade, fetus