Abstract
In this work, the role of the nurse as the patient advocate in the field of psychology treatment is explored through two seminal works on the role of the nurse as advocate for the mentally ill patient. After reviewing these two works, Hummelvoll's "The Nurse-Client Alliance Model" and Vuckovich's "The Ethics of Involuntary Procedures", the paper concludes that the role of the nurse patient advocate in psychiatric nursing is crucial to the well-being of the patient, and though it evolves with the differences in care and the level of self-advocacy, a patient can provide it is a major part of the care process.

From the Paper
"The issue of ethics is central to the nurses ability to provide services for a client as his or her advocate and in one article the psych nurse's ability to base decisions on ethical grounds for the greater goods of the client is explored, and within the work the role of nurse as patient advocate is explored, though secondarily through the language of the article. Though issues become much more complicated when involuntary procedures are concerned nurses rely on experience, not excluding the experience with the patients themselves as a guide. Without the role of advocate these decisions would be much harder to make."

Tags:nurse-client-relationship, professional, medical, psychosocial, cognitive, abilities

Abstract
This paper discusses the role of the Judge Advocate General's office which provides legal advice to the upper command of the military as well as serves as the prosecutors of criminal offenders that violate military law. In particular, the paper focuses on the importance of effective communication in maintaining a productive work environment in the department as well as showing the potential consequences of a breakdown in communication. The paper further describes the communication environment in the Judge Advocate General's office as being both open and structured. Additionally, the paper notes the direction of communication, which is downward and lateral. Finally, the paper notes areas for potential confusion in which the military and criminal justice aspects of this department may become blurred. The paper concludes by stating that in order for a criminal justice agency or an organization to have effective communication the environment must be both open and supportive.

From the Paper
"The communication climate of the Judge Advocate General's Office is one efficiency and productivity. The military is run like a well-oiled machine and communication processes are mostly formal. All staff members have a clear understanding of their roles and the leadership is effective in communication commands and instructions. Job performance can be affected by an inadequate understanding of expected details ().In the JAG office staff members are effective communicators and there are rarely issues with any type of miscommunications.
Communication climate can be defined as the internal environment of information exchange among people through an organization's formal and informal networks (Buchholtz, 2001).The communication climate of the Judge Advocate General's Office is both open and structured. In the military functions the climate is formal and so are the communications. In the criminal justice functions of the agency communication is open and staff members can express ideas freely. Staff members are encouraged to express ideas and are supported by the leadership. "

Tags:JAG, chain of command, legal advisers, criminal justice process

Abstract
The paper shows how the play "Doctor Faustus" and the movie "The Devil's Advocate" both deal with similar themes including the struggle between good and evil and how the seven deadly sins can corrupt. It shows how, in each of the works, vanity is the primary sin that leads each character into evil. While this does create an overall similarity in theme, there are also some important differences between each work.

From the Paper
"Faustus chooses to sign a pact with the devil because of his need to succeed. Faustus seeks power, imagining in the opening scenes that he will have wealth and have the ability to remake Europe and change the world. It is not only ambition that drives Faustus, it is also a belief that he knows better than everyone. Faustus refuses to accept anything he has studied, as these things are just the works of others, instead he believes that only what he has to offer is worth anything. This is how Faustus's pride appears in the play, in his belief in his own self-importance and his ambition to realize this importance. It is these qualities that allow him to reject God in the first place. While he is aware of the consequences, his excessive vanity causes him to believe that somehow he will be excused from the rules of God. This same vanity is also the downfall of Lomax in The Devil's Advocate."

Tags:Kevin, Lomax, John, Milton, Mary-Ann

Abstract
This paper explains that patients often confide information through natural dialogue with nurses, expressing their understanding of their own health, their concerns about after-care, and personal needs they feel are or are not being met by other members of the health care team. The author points out that the greatest need for a patient advocate is in circumstances where temporary or chronic psychological diseases or processes, such as epilepsy, reduce the individual's ability to self-advocate. The paper relates that the position as advocate may put the nurse into circumstances of conflict with other care providers, especially doctors, but the role of the nurse is to advocate for the needs of the client.

From the Paper
"The nurse has a distinct advantage, over many other health care professionals in that they often spend the most time with patients. In this role, they interact on a clinical as well as social level with the patient and in almost every setting learn things about the patient that others providing care may never know. It is for this reason that nurses are the most logical persons to act as advocates for patients. As an advocate for a patient a nurse might be able to influence care to better meet the holistic needs of patients."

Tags:self-advocate, doctors, concerns, conflict, holistic

Abstract
This paper discusses Dante's vacillation between supporting or challenging God's justice during his journey among the dead sinners in "The Inferno." The writer discusses first the argument that there is a decreasing trend of pity in Dante for the sinners, and the texts on which it is based, and then shows how Dante alternates between pity and loathing throughout much of "The Inferno". The writer shows that Dante's personal biases and municipal and political loyalties remain the deciding factor in his interaction with the sinners, not the nature of the sin committed. Dante's pity or lack thereof is also influenced by the words and actions of the sinners he encounters. The writer analyzes Cantos XXXII and XXXIII and concludes that Dante remains as indecisive in the end as he was in the beginning of his journey. The paper includes figures.

From the Paper
"Before launching into an argument against Dante's decreasing trend of pity for the sinners, let us take a moment to consider the merits of this stance. At first glance, the character Dante seems to become increasingly merciless towards those agonizing in Hell. Early on in his venture, he weeps at the very sound of the suffering souls: "Now sighs, loud wailing, lamentation / resounded through the starless air, / so that I too began to weep" (III.22-24). Without even identifying the sin behind their cries, he grieves at the justice commanded by God and so, as Virgil warns, affiliates himself with the sinners instead of with heavenly sanction."

Abstract
This paper looks into the phenomenon of a nurse's conflict when faced with the decision whether to follow a doctor's orders and in doing so, to go against the best interest of the patient. It discusses that nurses are often faced with dilemmas of whether or not to act for their establishment or the patient.

From the Paper
"Persons who choose nursing as a profession do so because they have a deep sense that they want to help others. Most do not do it because of pay incentives. Those who choose nursing for that reason are soon disillusioned by the long hours, physical and mental fatigue that go along with it. People choose nursing because they have a need to help those in need. When they become nurses however, the role that they play is often defined by a large, bureaucratic system and they sometimes find that they must choose between their sense of doing what is right for the patient and conforming to the rules of the system."

Tags:hospital, doctor, patient, ethics, role, care-giver

Abstract
This paper documents the life of former slave Frederick Douglass, the father of the Underground Railroad. The author writes that Douglass was a great advocate of black men and women voting, and equal rights for blacks and women regardless of race. The paper provides a wonderful journey through the early struggles for racial equality and end to slavery by a brave leader in the pre-Civil War Era.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Emancipation
Enlistment of Black Soldiers
Fair Wages for Black Soldiers
Equal Treatment
POWs
Awards / recognition
Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Most history classes teach only that Frederick Douglass was a freed slave who helped free others. While he was instrumental in the Underground Railroad and the emancipation of slaves, he was also a major civil rights advocate. He fought for their freedom, the equal treatment of blacks and the rights of women as well. He was an abolitionist, an orator, and editor of the North Star (later renamed Frederick Douglass' Paper)."

Tags:slavery, underground, railroad, emancipation, civil, rights, advocate, blacks, african, american, women, orator, north, star, antislavery

Abstract
Dorothea Dix was a teacher, advocate for the mentally ill and responsible for forming the Army nursing corps for the Union during the Civil War ("Biography", 2007, sec. 1). Dix was a pioneer in many respects because she recognized the needs of individuals and did not hesitate to fight for change to improve their lives. As a teacher she understood the need for learning and literacy. As an advocate she witnessed the maltreatment of the mentally ill and fought diligently for the construction of hospitals designed to address their needs. And as a nursing leader, she volunteered to create a military nursing corps that established nurses as significant members of the health care community and women as capable and responsible partners in the treatment of patients.

From the Paper
Dorothea Dix Dorothea Dix was a teacher, advocate for the mentally ill and responsible for forming the Army nursing corps for the Union during the Civil War ("Biography", 2007, sec. 1). Dix was a pioneer in many respects because she recognized the needs of individuals and did not hesitate to fight for change to improve their lives. As a teacher she understood the need for learning and literacy. As an advocate she witnessed the maltreatment of the mentally ill and fought diligently for the construction of hospitals designed to address their needs. And as a nursing leader, she volunteered to create a military nursing corps that established nurses as significant

Tags:dorothea, dix, nurse

Abstract
This paper traces the historical growth in power and political influence of organizations that advocate for senior citizens. The paper's analysis maintains that it is not seniors who have become too powerful or immune to government budget cuts, but rather the interests groups who often have an ulterior agenda in mind.

From the Paper
"Senior citizens -- seniors hereafter -- are generally considered those aged sixty-five and older in the U S population. According to Day, this demographic has grown twice as fast as the rest of the population over the past two decades..."

Tags:AARP, Medicare, Congress, protest, activism, public administration, Pennsylvania, prescription drugs, lobbyists, legislators, law

Abstract
This paper describes the life, career and accomplishments of Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis, a women's rights advocate, social reformer, educator and author. The paper describes her support and active involvement in temperance, abolition, women's rights and other reform movements and the reforms she was able to help advance as a result her involvement in these movements.

From the Paper
"Paulina Kellog was born August 7, 1816 in Bloomfield, New York, on the very day that Captain Hall "delivered up the fort at Detroit" (Paulina1 pp). Her father was a volunteer in the army and her grandfather, Saxton, was a colonel in the Revolution and belonged to Lafayette's staff (Paulina1 pp). Paulina was orphaned at the age of seven and adopted and raised by her strict and religious aunt and moved to LeRoy, New York (Paulina pp)."

Tags:missionary, francis, antislavery, convention, thomas, davis, jewelry, maker, national, rights