Abstract
This paper provides a review of the relevant literature to determine the extent to which the war on terrorism has accomplished its stated goals compared to the manner in which American hegemony was advanced in the process. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.

From the Paper
"The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington DC and the consequent war on international terrorism have created the need for fundamental changes in defense policy. Although the terrorist acts were directed against the US, they were the catalyst for a reassessment and redefinition of the security policies by practically all states and major international security institutions. Because the war on terrorism is unique on historical annals, the proliferation of such multiple centers of power provides a convenient tool for advancing U.S. hegemony. In fact, many critics suggest that it is no coincidence that the goals of the war against terrorism today mirror the stated foreign policy goals espoused by the Republicans long before September 11, 2001."

Tags:center, foreign, international, nato, pact, policy, relations, republican, trade, warsaw, world

Abstract
Throughout history, mankind has attempted to determine both the origin and purpose of human existence. Ancient cultures commonly devised richly complex theologies to rationalize inexplicable natural phenomenon. Various cultures generally ascribed to beliefs that man and nature were created and controlled by an assortment of malevolent deities. The field of modern psychology represents the culmination of centuries of cultural beliefs, investigation, and experimentation on the human brain. This paper examines history for significant cultural anomalies, people and events that have greatly influenced our understanding of human brain morphology and cognitive functions.

From the Paper
"Western cultures commonly employed mythology and mysticism as the predominant reasoning for human creation, some extended their beliefs to include mankind as an extension of divinity. The concept of close association between man and the divine facilitated an elevated perception of hierarchy among natural life forms. This anthropomorphized view of life encouraged belief in pagan superstition, discouraging controversy and change. History also provides many examples of how mythology and mysticism encouraged development of ethno-centric and nationalistic divisions."

Tags:autopsy, brain, cognition, disease, neuroscience, research

Abstract
This paper assesses the current state of democracy in Latin America as well as the cultural, political, social, and economic standing of the Catholic Church so as to understand the role it can play in the promotion of the global interests of the United States of America. The paper also briefly reviews the various religious factions emerging in the region and discusses the potential barriers that may arise should the Catholic Church be used to promote American interests throughout the Latin American countries.

From the Paper
"It is not surprising to note that many scholars in Latin America have emphasized an increased role of the government in maintaining business and cultural ethics along with the growth and development of the economy. This is because the entire Latin America is moving towards free market economy and it is critical to conduct businesses in an ethical manner. Furthermore, many scholars have asserted that it has been extremely difficult to intervene in the social, economic as well as political matters of the state and the scholars blame the principals of neo-liberalism for the inflexibility (Thomas, 2002)."

Tags:corruption, public, service, organizations, lawlessness, law, enforcement, agencies

Abstract
This paper examines the credentials necessary for one to be a licensed advanced practice nurse. According to the paper, this term includes nurse practitioners (NP), clinical nurse specialists (CNS), certified nurse-midwives (CNM), and nurse anesthetists (CRNA). All are registered nurses with advanced training and education, most with Master's degrees in nursing. The paper further notes that APNs must pass state licensing exams in order to practice and maintain their licenses. Advanced degrees require continued education, activities and testing.

From the Paper
"In Delaware, the Advanced Practice Nurse Council defines an advanced practice nurse (APN) as "an umbrella term that includes nurse practitioners (NP), clinical nurse specialists (CNS), certified nurse-midwives (CNM), and nurse anesthetists (CRNA). All are registered nurses with advanced training and education, most with Master's degrees in nursing". APNs must pass state licensing exams on order to practice and maintain their licenses. Advanced degrees require continued education..."

Tags:geriatric, advanced, nursing

Abstract
This is two papers about advanced practice nursing, covering the training, education, standards and scope of practice. It identifies the different types of advanced practice - clinical nurse specialist, nurse anesthetist, nurse practitioner and advanced practice nurse, and describes the duties they perform.

From the Paper
"An Advanced Practice Nurse, (APN), is a registered professional nurse who is currently licensed to practice and has obtained skills and knowledge through an advanced education program which is recognized by the State Board of Nurse Examiners. (Sherwood, Brown, Fay and Wardell) The APN plays an expanded role in nursing, providing care for individuals, families and/or groups in a wide range of settings, such as the home, hospitals, schools, community agencies, clinics, public and private, and in private practice. Some APNs practice independently, while others..."

Tags:Advanced Practice Nursing, Nurse Practitioners, training, education

Abstract
This paper looks at the legal and ethical issues of advanced directives and living wills. It gives a sample of a living will, and examples of when advanced directives, patient self-determination, the right to refuse treatment and informed consent are used.

From the Paper
"Under the U S federal law of the Patient Self-Determination Act, patients in most health care institutions are informed of their rights to participate in health care decisions and their right to have an Advanced Directive Center. There are different types of advanced directives and they fall into two main categories: instructive or proxy. Instructive directives allow the patient to state their preferences regarding the provision of specific therapies or classes of therapies such as no blood transfusions, no CPR. Living wills are the most common type..."

Tags:advanced directives, living wills, patients, informed consent

Abstract
This paper considers the impact that the rapid advancement of technology is likely to have on daily life in the next ten or twenty years. The prediction here is that technology will advance fastest in expert applications, as the motivation and willingness to challenge boundaries is very high here. However, mass applications will also be more broadly accepted in the future.

From the Paper
"If one had asked the typical person in 1985 whether computers would play an important and pervasive role in all aspects of daily life by 2005, it is unlikely that such a person would have foreseen the degree to which computers would be involved in everything from entertainment to career preparation to business management to health care. The lesson that might be drawn from this is that only a fool would predict the future of technology's advance. Nevertheless, in the very act of predicting, we find an element of goal-setting that is critical in formulating the direction that technology might take."

Tags:technology, prediction, advancement

Abstract
This paper discusses Advanced Practice Nursing in relation to modern health care. The paper further discusses Nurse Practitioners, as well as Certified Nurse Specialists and compare their roles within the health are industry. Additionally, the paper examines legal issues surrounding ANPs in today's health care, and issues that are at the forefront of the nursing profession. These issues include legislation, the ability to practice freely, and educational advancements in nursing.

From the Paper
"Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) is a term that refers to registered nurses that have progressed in their nursing studies beyond the basics of the nursing field. APNs often must have a Master's Degree, or Doctorate, and are often the lead health care giver in preventative and primary care. This is especially true for APNs in the cases of rural health care, clinics for the poor, and for people without health insurance ("Advanced Practice"). APNs have the ability to provide the majority of health care services that the traditional physician would because their expertise through training is extensive. There are, however, restrictions placed on APNs with regard to prescriptions, and their range of ability to give medical care through government regulations ("Advanced Practice", 2005)."

Tags:advanced, practice, nursing

Abstract
This paper looks at advanced Practice Nursing in England. It looks at the training and requirements, the skills needed, the standards set, and the experience of advanced practice nurses in various settings. It also includes 4 PowerPoint slides.

From the Paper
"In the Health Service Circular HSC specified that irrespective of the field of practice the nurse midwife or health visitor consultant role must be centered around certain interrelated functions including expert practice professional leadership and research..."

Tags:Advanced, Practice, Nursing

Abstract
For many years, such traditional health care roles as physician and nurse have been regarded as unopposed professionals. With the rapid expansion of knowledge and the raising of standard of care based on evidence-based clinical practice, the health care system in recent years has expanded its ranks to support and expand the physician and nurse roles. Specialist and sub-specialist training are fast making the role of the jack-of-all-trades health professional less and less valuable due to the sheer volume of knowledge required to match the standard of care demanded by consumers and the industry. Nursing roles in specialties were recognized to have a possibly large impact on providing care, which paved the way for the advanced practice nurse. This paper discusses the challenging situation that advanced practice nurses face within the present health care system.

Tags:advanced, practice, nursing