Abstract
This project examines the technological advances of the transportation systems in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) during the 1800s and 1900s that facilitated the economic and industrial influences that led those markets' rapid development. The paper discusses how the economic development of the US during the early 1800s and 1900s owes much to the development of the railroad as the predominant method of inland transportation during the 19th century and thereafter. The paper shows how much of the US' economic growth during this period and later was due directly to the development and the expansion of the railroad network in that market.

From the Paper
"This project examines the technological advances of the transportation systems in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) during the 1800s and 1900s that facilitated the economic and industrial influences that led those markets' rapid development. The economic development of the US during the early 1800s and 1900s owes much to the development of the railroad as the predominant method of inland transportation during the 19th century and thereafter. Much of the US' economic growth during this..."

Tags:historical, era, globalization

Abstract
The paper describes several recent advances in microbiology, which include the production of five genetically engineered pharmaceuticals and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The paper also looks at chronic diseases caused by microbes, the mechanism of avian flu and five relatively new vaccines. Genetic engineering and its connection to microbiology is also discussed.

From the Paper
"Genetic engineering is used in the manufacture of many pharmaceuticals using techniques which improve yield, reduce adverse reactions and increase potency. Insulin is a hormone which helps control blood sugar levels and is not produced by Type 1 diabetics. Insulin is essential for life and diabetics must inject it several times a day. Insulin, which used to be extracted from the pancreas of animals such as cattle and pigs, is now manufactured using recombinant DNA technology".

Tags:genetic engineering, antibiotic-resistant microbes, avian flu, vaccinations, germs

Abstract
This paper discusses the advances in technology and examines some of the new computer and biometric devices that are either available on the market today or will soon be on the market. The paper introduces the device, explains its functions and determines which ones will be successful and which ones will be a failure.

From the Paper
"Microsoft Fingerprint Reader Mouse. This device looks and acts like a regular computer mouse, but it also has a small scanner built within it that will read one's finger print. This device will allow the user to be identified by the finger print and the use of passwords will be obsolete. This product is already on the market and looks to be very successful. With the need for increased security and measures to eliminate identity theft, the Microsoft Finger Print Reader Mouse will be a highly-sought product by companies and individuals alike."

Tags:computer, support, obsolete

Abstract
Of the countless innovations that emerged during the 20th century, three in particular rise to the top in terms of their relative impact on the human condition. These are the airplane, television, and the atomic bomb. This paper examines the impact of these three technological advances and how they changed the world, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

From the Paper
"According to Tom Chalkey (1993), "No technological device springs directly from the fertile mind of an inventor into immediate widespread use. Instead, it passes through a number of stages, with successive stages representing greater degrees of practicality or use" (p. 13). The antecedents of the technological innovations of the 20th century, then, can be traced to the last two decades of the 19th century, which many scholars have termed the "Second Industrial Revolution," primarily because of the emergence of radically new technologies during this period. Three "new" areas of technology are usually identified as being the most important during this period: 1) chemicals, 2) electricity, and 3) the internal-combustion engine (Szostak, 1995). All three of these 19th innovations would play an important role in the development of other technological advances in the 20th century; for instance, chemistry facilitated the development of the atomic bomb, electricity enabled the widespread use of television, and improvements in the internal-combustion engine allowed the Wright brothers to design a craft that could carry humans aloft. These three innovations are described further below."

Tags:aviation, wright, brothers, world, war, two, communication

Abstract
The paper discusses how the American Civil War demonstrated the critical military importance of advances in weaponry, for the superior weaponry and munitions the Union developed during the war provided Union commanders with tactical and strategic advantages and contributed significantly to the Union victory in April of 1865. The paper explains that the most important advancements in weaponry during the American Civil War included the development of rifled muskets, cartridge rounds, breech loaders, repeating rifles, carbines, rifled cannon, gatling guns, the minie ball, ironclad warships, reconnaissance balloons, submarines, and floating mines, which were known as torpedoes at the time.

From the Paper
"The American Civil War demonstrated the critical military importance of advances in weaponry, for the superior weaponry and munitions the Union developed during the war provided Union commanders with tactical and strategic advantages and contributed significantly to the Union victory in April of 1865. The most important advancements in weaponry during the American Civil War included the development of rifled muskets, cartridge rounds, breech loaders, repeating rifles, carbines, rifled cannon, gatling..."

Tags:advanced, weaponry, war

Abstract
This paper examines practical contributions to the field of employee motivation that have been made in the past two decades. This paper focuses on economic remuneration--profit sharing; enhancing quality of work and employee satisfaction; and, the role of communication in motivating employees.

Abstract
This paper pays particular attention to the new discoveries in regulation of epithelial-myofibroblast transition, a modulatory role for rho and rho-associated kinase in signaling during delamination of neural crest cells and the inactivation of Rho proteins by the action of bacterial toxins. The paper also offers an overview of Rho proteins and their role.

From the Paper
"This short review will look at the very recent advances made in the mechanism of action of Rho proteins. Particular attention will be paid to the new discoveries in regulation of epithelial-myofibroblast transition, a modulatory role for rho and rho-associated kinase in signaling during delamination of neural crest cells and the inactivation of Rho proteins by the action of bacterial toxins. Before the detailed discussion of these three topics, an overview of Rho proteins and their role will be given. One of the most important elements of the cell metabolism are chemical messages. Other cells in the neighborhood generally send these messages,..."

Tags:rho proteins, review, mechanism

Abstract
This paper explains how the abundance of new technologies in the information systems field have altered the very information systems development process itself. The paper also explains how the development of information systems has evolved from a strict database to multi-function abilities, how it will continue to evolve in the future and what factors will affect that development.

From the Paper
"The very nature of these new object oriented databases has caused changes right down to the programming level. As we near the end of this century, designers are now looking at databases that can predict the side effects of medicines, eliminating the need for human trial subjects. Other programs are being designed to put in data for architecture to check building integrity. Auto manufacturers are able to input data and have three-dimensional models to experiment with regarding stress factors and damage."

Tags:three, dimensional, reality, virtual, artificial, intelligence, worldwide, web, internet

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of advances in jet engine design. Specifically, it discusses new jet engine types or theoretical designs, including specifications, theory of operation, and how they will benefit modern aviation. Research on new technologies proliferates in the jet engine arena. The paper discusses how there are many companies and government agencies attempting to advance jet engine design and performance, including engines that can think for themselves, engines which can fly at seven times the speed of sound, and advanced software to help create these new designs.

From the Paper
"Scientists and researchers are continually searching for new technologies for the future, and jet engine design is no exception to this search. New jet engine technologies are in various stages of research and design today, and modern aviation can look forward to many innovations that will move people and freight farther, faster, and with less jet noise in the future. NASA and the Air Force are two governmental agencies that are conducting research on how to improve jet engine technologies, but private enterprise is also looking at ways to improve the technology."

Tags:airforce, nasa, aviation

Abstract
This paper examines the issue of the "dumbing down" of the American people by means of technological "progress." The paper states that American society is becoming overly obsessed with technological advances and entertainment media with a goal of making life better. However, the opposite is occurring: The reduction of the effort needed to succeed is causing a downgrade in human intelligence and the drive to learn. The paper questions whether this can be blamed on machinery created with the original intention of making life easier, or by our educational system which encourages this relinquishing of academic and leisurely thought. The paper concludes that, in order to counter this trend, several changes in attitude must be made. First, the paper suggests that the misplaced belief that all changes in technology are an improvement must be diminished. Second, the paper stresses the fact that mass media should be seen merely as a form of entertainment. Most importantly, the paper advocates improving our knowledge and understanding of the world around us.

From the Paper
"Furthermore, the educational system is deteriorating and busy parents with full time jobs no longer have time to tutor their children in the methods of the old world, with one on one interaction. These days it seems much more convenient to place the child in front of the television set watching shows presumed to be educational, such as "Sesame Street" or "Blue's Clues", while the mother or father do other, seemingly less important things. It is true that the above mentioned shows are much better for the young mind then violent or explicit shows, which are also sprouting up on every channel, but this method of teaching only forces them to depend more heavily on television for education and entertainment. It is, for the children, just another form of passive learning, another topic that Bradbury tackles in Fahrenheit 451. In the beginning of the novel, Clarisse describes the current educational system as completely unsocial. As she says, "they just run the answers at you, bing, bing, bing, and us sitting there for four or more hours of film teacher." Moreover, at a later part of the story, Mildred and her friends are discussing how to care for children and Mrs. Bowles makes a rather disturbing statement. She says "I put up with them when they come home three days a month; it's not bad at all. You heave them into the 'parlor' and turn the switch..." These references to television in this work of fiction are fairly worrying, as it is no longer such a fictional theory. This form of education is becoming more and more feasible for the near future. Parents already just "heave their kids in the parlor and flip the switch" so who's to say that schools will not soon also take on these apathetic teaching methods. Rather than teach young ones to amuse themselves in ways that will benefit them, the kids of today are taught that television is the source of all significance, and with the short attention spans of today, even television shows must be careful not to be overly verbose. A child must be taught that activities such as reading, which expands the mind and inspires thought, and playing with other children, to teach them valuable social skills, are far more important than vegetating in front of a box with moving pictures."

Tags:internet, ignorance, superstition, moral, intelligence