Abstract
The paper uses sociocultural theory and social cognitive theory to analyze how learning is influenced by universal principles for young adults. The paper relates that the period of young adulthood is characterized in detail as a time with urgent requirements. The paper discusses aspects of each theory relevant to learning for young adults along with key universal principles which correspond to the aspects. Furthermore, the paper combines common points within both theories to elucidate a syncretic theoretical version which could be used in analyzing and aiding in the creation of enhanced learning strategies for young adults. The paper reaches the conclusion that this objective is indeed a moral and ethical imperative.

From the Paper
"This paper uses sociocultural theory and social cognitive theory to analyze how learning is influenced by universal principles for young adults. The period of young adulthood is characterized in detail as a time with urgent requirements. Aspects of each theory relevant to learning for..."

Tags:learning, young, adults

Abstract
The paper discusses a vivid memoir of childhood in the novel "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens. The paper specifically discusses the upbringing of the three children in the the book Pip, Estella and Herbert and explains that their characters are greatly influenced by the adults with whom they have frequent interactions. The paper relates that some of the psychological and emotional traits that are instilled in the children are ruthlessness and a lack of compassion.

From the Paper
" Due to social intermingling with Mrs. Joe, Pip develops consequential behaviors. Pip's self-awareness can be traced to Mrs. Joe's aggressive nature which is directed towards Pip and his father-figure, Joe Gargery. Mrs. Joe serves as a reproachful and disciplined mother-figure who "brought Pip up by hand." Mrs. Joe's rough physical treatment of Pip, made clear when "she pounced on [Pip], squeezed his face into wooden bowls in sinks, soaped, toweled, thumped and rasped" in combination with her lingual abuse of Joe and Pip's being " 'a most ungrateful boy' " develops a habitual self-critical character in Pip (56-58). Pip's extreme self-critical character is shown humorously and brilliantly throughout his recollections of the Christmas dinner. Although he had done a heroic and generous favor to the convict by giving him a pork pie that he had stolen from the kitchen pantry, Pip "[clutches] the leg of the table immediately...and felt that this time [he] really was gone" when Mrs. Joe proposes the absent " 'savory pork pie' " (31). This exemplifies how Mrs. Joe's strict nature against Pip causes him to undergo tense self-conscious moments frequently, even if he had actually done well. Pip's reflection on the hunk of bread down the legs of his trousers serves as another example of "a great punishment" of "Conscience" that he undergoes due to his fear of consequences from Mrs. Joe. Pip experiences several moments of self-guilt later throughout his recollections, primarily due to a second adults influence upon him."

Tags:childhood, influenced, by, adults, interactions, ruthlessness, lack, of, compassion

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that there are many examples in children's literature where child characters act as adults. The writer points out that the characterizations of Alice in 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' as well as Dorothy in 'Ozma of Oz are excellent examples of the phenomena in literature. The writer also points out that the reality of the phenomena is that, for the most part children's literature is created by adults, and these same adults, as children wish they had been able to act as adults, upon the arbitrary world of adults. The main characters in these two works demonstrate this phenomenon by calmly dealing with the world around them as if they had years of adult conflicts under their belt, as the desire to be recognized as having power, as a child demonstrates a desire to emulate adults and therefore resolve the arbitrary conflicts that occur in the adult world. The writer concludes that part of the the purpose of the writer is to recount the innocence of a child, and still manage to fulfill one's obligations as an adult. The writer maintains that the children in these two fantastic stories are reflecting the need to remember the fantasy of childhood as well as the obligations of adulthood, without losing either.

From the Paper
"The resolution to resolve the arbitrary conflicts of adults, in the magical world of mystery, as well as in the real world are clear intentions of personal growth. To act as an adult, and to have the influence of an adult, is the aspiration of all children, especially in a world where such actions are recognized as brave and necessary. Adults who write works of fiction for children, remember their own days as children, being unable to navigate the mysteries of the adult world and wishing more than anything to have influence over them. The reflection of the desire, as a child to understand and resolve the mystery of the adult world is reflected in fantasy. Childhood is a period of clarity and innocence, that writers of children's works wish to retell to children of the younger generations. There is no sense of real childhood fear, as the innocence of a child drives his or her clarity in the world of adults, no matter the level of mystery. The idea of personal growth and influence, drives the child's actions, and the child seeks this recognition in the real as well as the world of imagination. Upon waking, Alice's sister, now an adult recognizes in Alice's recalled dream the nature of children and the need to remain innocent."

Tags:childhood, adult, power, bravery, Dorothy

Abstract
This paper notes that juvenile offenders have long been treated differently by the criminal justice system, but this has been changing as community attitudes have shifted so that more and more juveniles are tried as adults. This trend largely reflects an increasing fear of crime and a belief in the power of punishment over rehabilitation. Trying juveniles as adults is not the best approach to take.

From the Paper
"The American juvenile-justice system was designed a century ago to reform children found guilty of minor crimes, but more and more, the system has to cope with more violent crimes committed by younger people. As Gil Garcetti, then District Attorney of Los Angeles, noted..."

Tags:juveniles, adult, court

Abstract
This paper details the problems facing adults desiring to return to school and offers some solutions for the problems. The paper discusses reasons for the increase in adults returning to school that range from self-fulfillment to the desire for a better career.

From the Paper
"The dream of going to college becomes short-circuited for many people in today's world. Financial insufficiency, unexpected pregnancy, early marriage and other factors interrupting the educational process can cause some students not to even finish high school let alone go to college. In spite of these factors, however, the dream does not die for most people. It lies dormant in the midst of hope that someday, somehow the opportunity to continue the interrupted education will arise. Continuing one's education as an..."

Tags:adult education, continuing education, distance learning, online education

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at older adults as a part of the higher education system. The writer discusses the importance of their inclusion in higher education, the validity of the acceptance of older students and whether approaches to adult learning should differ compared to that of younger students.

From the Paper
"Historically, the concept of whether or not older adults are an integral part of the education system has caused considerable debate. Contention has raged for decades over the importance of older adults in higher education, the validity of the acceptance of older students and whether approaches to adult learning should differ compared to that of younger students. The general consensus today is that older adults are becoming an increasingly meaningful part of the education sector as more and more adults find themselves with leisure time and a desire to learn the technological advances occurring around them."

Tags:adult, education, self, directed

Abstract
The following paper looks at the Christian initiation of adults; specifically, at mystagogy and at its role in integrating catechumens into the parish community. In reviewing this role, the paper discusses whether or not the technical, systematic type of mystagogy illustrated by catechesis to the newly-baptized is the best vehicle for integration, or whether a more informal type of mystagogy that emphasizes support networks and friendships is superior - or at least as critical. In the end, the paper looks at the dueling perspectives and suggests that proper mystagogy really needs both formal and informal approaches if it is to be successful.

From the Paper
"At the same time, a church - more so in the non-Western world, though it is also applicable to churches in Western Europe and America, as well - may be prompted for a host of reasons to emphasize the technical definition of mystagogy when welcoming newcomers. At the top of this list is the fact that there are millions of Christians (most of all in Third World nations) who have no access to the written Gospel and/or to the conventional ecumenical documents except via oral transmission or via mnemonic devices (Naude, 235+)."

Tags:Christianity, adult initiation, mystagogy

Abstract
The paper discusses how coronary heart disease has continued to decline among older adults, but has stopped declining among younger adults. The paper first explores the causes of heart disease that include hereditary factors, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyles and alcohol consumption. Next, the paper explains that the lifestyle differences between older adults and younger adults sheds light on the higher levels of heart disease among younger adults. The paper concludes that although many of these risk factors are under our control, various elements of American social culture currently militate against making more responsible choices on the part of many contemporary young adults.

Outline:
Introduction
Thesis Statement
Hereditary Factors
Smoking
Obesity
Sedentary Lifestyles and Alcohol Consumption
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Between 1980 and 2002, death rates from coronary heart disease fell significantly for American adults 35 and older. However, during the last half of that period, the rates of decline differed substantially between young adults between 35 and 54 and their older counterparts. According to studies presented in a report in the November 27th issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology co-authored by Dr. Earl S. Ford, a medical officer in the U.S. Public Health Service, coronary disease in men between 35 and 54 declined, on average, 6.2 percent per year in the 1980s but only by 2.3 percent in the 1990s, after which the rate of decline continued to drop even further, reaching an annual reduction rate of only 0.5 percent between 2000 and 2002 (Edelson, 2007)."

Tags:hereditary, smoking, obesity, lifestyles, exercise, alcohol

Abstract
This paper discusses the problem that young people face in becoming financially independent when they leave their parents' home. The writer explains that most young adults are more interested in having fun than in acquiring skills that will enable them to cope with increased financial responsibility, such as taking student loans, managing credit cards, signing leases and budgeting expenses. Further, a significant majority of college graduates aim for starting careers in metro areas, which have higher housing costs, and frequently are uninsured. The paper concludes that it is clear that young adults should concentrate on getting a job that offers suitable insurance policies, since this can go a long way in terms of helping them eventually in acquiring financial stability.

Outline:
Executive Review
Introduction
The Issue Of Financial Stability and How Young Adults Perceive It
More On Financial Security And Subsequent Dilemma Faced By Young Adults
Conclusion(s)

From the Paper
"The issue of finding suitable employment with regards to the long-term scenario however, though not impossible, is rather problematic, especially when considering that the typical psychological traits found in young adults from the age group of roughly 19 to 29 has them focusing more on entertainment and fun rather than contemplating their future financial stability. Such things as investments and savings for the college educations for the kids they might have and the retirements they may avail are things that tend to be of a rather low priority as far as the majority of young adults are concerned."

Tags:organizational academic development debt, student loan, bankruptcy

Abstract
This paper explains that AD/HD refers to a family of related chronic neurobiological disorders that interfere with an individual's capacity to regulate activity levels, inhibit behavior, and attend to tasks in developmentally appropriate ways. The author points out that the diagnosis of AD/HD in adults is made even more problematic by the requirement of symptoms before age seven because adults patients may not be able to recall symptoms relating to their experiences in the past; therefore, another part of the diagnosis is often a joint interview with both the patient and a family member or spouse. The paper relates that, since many problems in the lives of adults with AD/HD are directly related to the disorder, tailored treatments are often the best approaches; the four basic methods are medial, educational, behavioral, and psychological.

From the Paper
"In addition to the above general requirements for AD/HD diagnosis, each category of AD/HD also has specific requirements. For an AD/HD predominately Inattentive diagnosis, six of a possible nine symptoms must be present in the patient for more than six months, and those symptoms must be abnormal for the patient's developmental level. The symptoms include frequent inattention to detail or carelessness in schoolwork or other activities, difficultly in maintaining attention, frequent non-adherence to instructions and failure to complete tasks in schoolwork, chores, or work related activity. Additional symptoms include failure to listen when spoken to directly, difficulty with organization, avoidance, dislike, or reluctance to tasks requiring sustained mental effort, such as homework, frequent misplacement of materials, frequent forgetfulness, and a tendency to be easily detracted."

Tags:interfer, inhibit, family, chronic, neurobiological