Abstract The author compares and contrasts the rule of the two kings in Shakespeare plays, "Winter's Tale" and "The Tragedy of King Richard III." The theme running through both plays is that power corrupts, and this is the theme that runs through both of these plays. King Richard is portrayed as an absolute ruler destroyed by his thirst for absolute power. King Leontes, is a king more paranoid than perhaps even Lear who refuses to believe even the gods who say that his wife and friend are not involved in an adulterous relationship. He is also an absolute ruler who believes that he knows even better, than the gods themselves.
From the Paper "Shakespeare's Richard is a thoroughly rotten villain. This is made clear to us in Act One, scene 1. Angry over the limits of his physical deformity, and, perhaps, the low social status accorded him as the very sparest of spare heirs, Richard vows to overcome his limitations. In line 30 of this speech, Richard says, "I am determined to prove a villain." Most would agree that these are not the words of a person who has the best interests of his fellow human beings at heart. If one needs further proof, Richard goes on to describe a plot that pits his two brothers, Clarence and Edward, against each other - hopefully resulting in both brothers' deaths."
Tags: absolute, iii, power, richard, shakespeare, tale, winter
Abstract This paper briefly looks at this section of the play and focuses on the speech given by Hamlet to his mother. It is from this speech that many people think Hamlet suffered an Oedipus complex. The writer states that this is not the case, but rather his loyalty for his father is still so strong, that the thought of his mother with any other man is adulterous. His seeming obsession with his mother's sex life stems from the fact that adultery has to do with sex, not that he lusts after Gertrude.
From the Paper "The speech given by Hamlet to his mother in Act III, scene 4 enlightens the reader to a lot of what is in Hamlet's mind. Everyone had finished watching the performance of "The Mouse Trap" and Gertrude had summoned Hamlet to her chambers. Hamlet arrived and was in a rage. She thought that he was going to kill her and screamed for help. Polonius, hiding behind a wall covering yelled for help too. Hamlet, thinking that Polonius was the king, killed him. With that, Hamlet went on to give his speech."
Abstract This paper examines the role of Hadith, traditions about Muhammad, in Islam. It clarifies the reasons for the importance of such traditions to Sunni Muslims and looks at one of the most lively and potentially liberating trends in contemporary Islam, the complete rejection of the religious value of Hadith.
From the Paper "The first problematic feature of hadith literature is precisely its casual, anecdotal nature. The hadith collections incorporate a large volume of material about the Prophet which varies from tales which are regarded ? even by most modern secular historians - as almost certainly authentic down to those which are regarded as highly improbable. Although Islamic scholars soon developed a "science" of hadith (riwayat) which seems admirable in comparison to the speculativeness which surrounds debate about the authenticity of traditions concerning Christ, the fact remains that the extant hadith collections date from a period as late as about a quarter of a millennium after Muhammed allegedly died. (I say "allegedly" because it is from the hadith literature itself that the Prophet's life dates are determined.)"
From the Paper "Artificial Insemination is a relatively new issue for religious scholars to consider. Ancient commentators certainly could not be expected to predict that human sperm would one day be refrigerated, treated with glycerol, and be made available to women wishing to become pregnant. Predictably, the Jewish Written Law does not specifically address artificial insemination. Therefore, the varied problems of religion, ethics, and law must be considered in the attempt to recognize a halakhic answer based on halakhic sources yet recognizing modern technologies.
Although artificial insemination gives rise to many halakhic problems,1 the most critical issue, and the one which this paper addresses, is whether artificial insemination with sperm not belonging to the husband of the woman impregnated2 constitutes an ..."
Abstract In "The Scarlet Letter", Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote about the lives and interactions of Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth and Arthur Dimmesdale; three characters in a Puritan society who are affected by adulterous actions. This paper provides an indepth view of each of the three characters and how they relate to each other. In addition, it examines the main symbols and metaphors in Hawthorne's novel and concludes with a look at the negative aspects of the Puritan society in which the characters lived.
From the Paper "Hawthorne uses symbolism to show how Puritanism is hypocritical and that Puritan religious viewpoints are unnatural. He does this through using contrasting natural and religious symbols in the descriptions of Pearl. He uses the backdrop of the natural world to show that not only is Pearl unidentified in the Puritan culture, but she is also above it.
Hawthorne describes Pearl as a "lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion" (Hawthorne, p.81). This "rank luxuriance" is based on the harsh Puritan morals, which describe Pearl as a mistake or an outcast even though she has done nothing wrong."
Abstract This paper will examine how Dante depicts love and sex in his Inferno. Through an examination of two scenes in particular - dealing with adulterous heterosexual love and homosexual love respectively - it will be seen that Dante was certainly not a "holier-than-thou" moralist. Indeed, his treatment of love and sex reflects the perspective of a generous and sophisticated sensibility. However, it will be argued that Dante depicts such examples of love and sex as suffering punishment in Hell to illustrate the tension that exists between human and divine judgement. As will be seen, Dante never allows his own sympathy with the very human "sins" of these individuals to cloud his perception of an inexorable divine justice at work in the world.
Abstract "Medea" is the ancient Greek tale of jealousy and revenge involving a woman betrayed by her husband. This paper explains how, in the book by Euripides, the story begins just after Medea has been betrayed and then flashes back to the events that brought Medea and Jason to that point. Euripides does this to emphasize the important part of the novel and show that the journey to this point was not as important as Jason's adulterous actions. The paper also touches on Pasolini's "Medea" (1970), which, in contrast, begins when Jason is a boy and proceeds chronologically. The paper shows that, despite this contrast, the two versions are wholly similar, since one is based on the other; they show that some forms of revenge are impossible to understand.
From the Paper "Medea's inner struggle with Jason led her to believe that the world was a corrupt place. After leaving Colchis, she never found acceptance by any other people and because of her past her children were not welcome either. Although Medea can still be sharp with her words, her abilities are not as strong as they were when she lived in Colchis. Like the fleece, which lost its value and aura when it was stolen from its homeland, Medea as well has lost her luster. Medea fought to get her children accepted by Creon and the people of Corinth, even if it meant she would not be able to be with them."
Abstract This paper examines how the shattering of romantic illusions forms the central theme of the novel, "Madame Bovary" by Gustave Flaubert. It looks at how Emma Bovary, the protagonist, is unable to reconcile her passionate romanticism with mundane reality and how she enters into adulterous relationships to fulfill her unrealistic desires. It discusses how her tragic end is an outcome of her withdrawal from reality, since she cannot see herself as a failure and refuses to admit that she has indulged in excessive romanticism. It shows how her suicide can be considered escapist, since it underlines the shattering of romantic illusions.
From the Paper "Emma's next relationship, with Leon, shows how her romanticism causes isolation?the construction of ?barriers between one human being and another.? The isolation occurs because Emma judges men against her predetermined criteria of romanticism. When Emma is evaluating Leon, she remembers the little things: "she remembered his other gestures from other days, phrases he had used, the sound of his voice, (and) everything about him" (Flaubert, 1982). She believes that gestures and phrases alone can tell "everything about him" (Flaubert, 1982). Emma summons a mental facsimile from these memories "with the acuity of a sensation almost immediate" (Flaubert, 1982)."
Abstract The shattering of romantic illusions forms the central theme of the novel, "Madame Bovary" by Gustave Flaubert. The paper examines how Emma Bovary, the protagonist, is unable to reconcile her passionate romanticism with mundane reality and enters into adulterous relationships to fulfill her unrealistic desires. The paper shows how her tragic end is an outcome of her withdrawal from reality, and her suicide can be considered escapist. This underlines the shattering of romantic illusions.
From the Paper "Emma's next relationship, with L"on, shows how her romanticism causes isolation"the construction of ?barriers between one human being and another.? The isolation occurs because Emma judges men against her predetermined criteria of romanticism. When Emma is evaluating L?on, she remembers the little things: "she remembered his other gestures from other days, phrases he had used, the sound of his voice, (and) everything about him" (Flaubert, 1982). She believes that gestures and phrases alone can tell "everything about him" (Flaubert, 1982)."
Abstract This paper explains that globalization is the instance of collective relocation, multiculturalism, and cosmopolitanism. The author points out that the home culture encounters the foreign culture because of globalization; it impacts culture of the home country, leaving it to be not native, but unstable, displaced, amalgamated, diverse and adulterated. The paper concludes that there is a clear indication as to what needs to be done when defining the confines of globalization; the term and the ideology of globalization need "reformation", both in action and in reaction to globalization.
From the Paper "As such, the term globalization concerns with the method of plummeting obstacles amid countries and giving way to economic, political, and social communications to take place. Globalization possibly augments the capability of people all over the places to make better their living values by giving out information and the produce of human labor athwart those obstacles. But, this is an ideal situation. According to Richard Walker accretion is the most important motivating force of the earth's economy, besides its associates, capital and resources contest and capital and workforce misuse. This is the reason that it makes impression to talk about the capitalist regime instead of the global marketplace."
Abstract This paper briefly looks at the portrayal of courtly love in literature, which is described as an ideal of adulterous love between medieval aristocratic men and women that considers relationships of this nature as being more genuine than the common arranged marriage.
From the Paper "The doctrine of courtly love was designed to teach courtiers how to be lovely, charming and delightful. Its basic premise was that being in love would teach you how to be loveable and pleasing; so love taught courtesy. This kind of love is a social phenomenon, designed for communal living at a wealthy court where people had plentiful leisure and desired to entertain and be entertained delightfully. When properly applied, courtly love refers to ?an extravagantly artificial and stylized relationship ? a forbidden affair that was characterized by five main attributes...?
Abstract This essay shows that Madame Bovary's entire experience is by way of approaching her own obscurity and, indeed, her own demise and her death as an individual. It discusses how the depiction of Madame Emma Bovary's adulterous behavior, beyond the racy fascination readers dipped into as Emma's desire for "self-obliteration" was carried out, was totally unacceptable for the 19th century, and along with her other foibles, indicates a serious dance with transgressions. It then looks at how Edna, the main character from "The Awakening", certainly transforms the image of the stereotypical female of the 19th century from a modest, obedient wife and mother into a woman having an affair and breaking all the rules.
From the Paper "Before examining further Edna's breaking away from Darwin's ideas, it is worthy to point out that Darwin saw civilization as evolving largely because ?a woman's modesty curbs the male's eagerness to couple,? Bender continues (488). But Bender also quotes Ruth Bernard Yeazell as saying, as a critique of Darwin, that ?"females are at once less lustful and more discriminating than males" [and] the satisfying conclusion to Darwin's story preserves the ideals of motherhood and the modest woman who knows nothing of appetite or sexual desire.?
Are we talking about women with no appetite for sexual desire? Not in Chopin's characters. She clearly follows a pattern of both accepting and rejecting Darwin, which Bender only scratches the surface with. Chopin is likely embracing Darwin through the many images of the sea that connect Edna with evolution, if you will. ?Edna is a post-Darwinian woman-animal who had evolved from the sea in a world without gods,? Bender explains."
Presents the results of an experiment which combines the matching theory with the studies of infidelity, to determine if there is a causal relationship between the attractiveness level of the male adulterer and that of his mistress.
Abstract This paper discusses the result of research which placed 200 male undergraduate participants in a 4x3 mixed factorial design to determine if the physical attractiveness stereotype applied to adultery. Participants were assigned to 4 conditions. Each group was presented with a scenario depicting the character "John" committing adultery with one of 3 women. The first independent variable was the manipulation of the attractiveness level of "John". "John" was presented as either an unattractive, average, or attractive man. A "no picture" group was created to measure the participant's base line response. The participants were then asked to indicate which woman (unattractive, average, or attractive) "John" was having an affair with. The paper shows that results indicated that the matching hypothesis does occur in situations of infidelity. Evolutionary implications and reasoning are also discussed.
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From the Paper "Women look for a man whose appearance indicates a means to acquire resources and the ability to protect/care for any potential offspring (Townsend, 1990). These cues, coming from an evolutionary standpoint, are also very logical. Women have much more at stake than men do when it comes to child bearing. Females seek a mate that exhibits traits that imply that he will be able to provide for her during her pregnancy, since during those 9 months she will be unable to provide for her self (in an ancestral hunter-gatherer society). If the women in question does not embody the traits men find desirable, she will have to look for a man that is lower on the attractiveness ladder."
Abstract This paper compares two modern poems. It explains how these poems both deal with a father that has betrayed his family through inattention and adulterous behavior; however, each poem is very different. The paper explores how such drastic differences arise when dealing with the same topic.
From the Paper "An introspectionist doctor is interested in the current mental states of his patients; to fully enter these states for examination, he employs a deep process of introspection. This calculated reflection provides the "vital signs" for the conscious mind just as a stethoscope might uncover those for the heart. Ernest Holmes said that "life is a mirror and will reflect back to the thinker what he thinks into it." This is precisely the principle upon which the idea of introspection works; one's perception of life is simply a physical embodiment of his thoughts, and if he is able to ruminate upon events in his life, his thoughts will become clear. Two poets, Mary Jo Salter and Sharon Olds, capitalize on this idea of introspection. In the poems "Home Movies: a Sort of Ode," by Salter, and "The Victims," by Olds, the speakers are the daughters of men who have caused epochal familial schisms. The women look back upon their imperfect relations with their fathers by way of a mature reflection and pull from this a present significance. While these poems both delve into similar issues, they differ in terms of tone, perspective, and imagery."
Abstract This paper summarizes and analyzes three famous stories by Jean-Paul Sarte, Franz Kafka and Albert Camus in an effort to explain existentialism. The paper examines, "The Adulterous Woman" by Albert Camus, "Jackals and Arabs" by Franz Kafka and "The Wall" by Jean-Paul Sarte and makes the point that existentialism is about nothingness and it primarily reflected the mood of the very depressive era in which it gained popularity. The paper concludes that, despite some valid and creative, capable writers having been swept up in the existentialist literary phenomenon, existentialism is a style, and an artificial one at that.
From the Paper "Existentialism is "the title of a set of philosophies that emphasizes the existence of the human being, the lack of meaning and purpose in life, and the solitude of human existence." It is a rather pessimistic outlook on life, and its principal proponents were those authors who lived either in the northern climes of Europe (Kierkegaard, Kafka) or in a mult-cultured land where its traditions clashed with newcomers (The France and North Africa of Camus and Sartre).This philosophy reached its zenith in the years between the two World Wars, when most of Europe was in a despairing mood. Actually, the movement was more or less established with the works of Dostoevsky, Nietzsche, and Kierkegaard."
