Abstract
This paper examines the case of "Mapp v. Ohio" which concerns the admissibility in court of evidence obtained without a search warrant and that was obtained in connection with a totally different case. The appellant Mapp sought review of the decision of the Ohio Supreme Court, which affirmed her conviction for possession of lewd and lascivious books, pictures, and photographs. The author of the paper reviews the details of the events leading up to the original conviction and then describes the basis of the appeal. The writer then goes on to discuss the court's decision and examines concurring and dissenting opinions presented in the final judgment.

Outline:
Name of Case
Citation
Year Decided
Character of Action
Facts
Issues
Decision
Opinion
Concurring Opinion
Dissenting Opinion
Comment
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Police officers received information that a wanted person was hiding in appellant Mapp's home, and three police officers demanded entrance to appellant's home. Appellant contacted her attorney and refused to admit the police to her home without a search warrant. The police set up surveillance of her home; a duplex-style building with Appellant's living quarters on the second floor. When more officers arrived, they forcibly entered appellant's home. Appellant's attorney arrived, but the officers refused to permit him to enter the house or to see appellant. Appellant demanded to see a search warrant. The police showed her a piece of paper that they claimed was a warrant; appellant grabbed the paper and placed it in her bosom. The officers and appellant struggled over the paper, the officers subdued her, and the officers handcuffed her. The police then took the Appellant upstairs to her living quarters, where the police executed a general search of her bedroom, her child's bedroom, the living room, the kitchen, and a dinette. This search included closed places such as suitcases, dresser-drawers, and a pile of personal papers. The police then searched the basement of the building. During the course of the widespread search, the police discovered the material supporting appellant's conviction; a few documents that were considered obscenity in violation of Ohio Rev. Code 2905.34. At trial, the State could not produce the search warrant; in fact, the likelihood is that there was no warrant. In addition, the search was executed to recover material linked to a recent bombing, not to uncover material linked to obscenity."

Tags:search, warrant, police, illegal, constitution, arrest, evidence, guilt, amendment, prosecution, innocence, conviction

Abstract
This paper discusses the use and potential misuse of photographic evidence in US court cases. The paper first examines the history of photographs being admissible to court, then considers recent trends with regard to newer methods of photography and authentication. Several seminal cases that involved the use of photographic evidence are analyzed and their impact on US court procedures is cited. The paper concludes by stating that photographic evidence is a good way to paint a visual picture for the jury but in order to introduce photographic evidence it must follow the standards established by law.

From the Paper
"Visual evidence such as a photograph and tells a story to the jury and when is film based provides a good source of evidence that cannot be manipulated. In the case of the United States v. Clayton, 643 F.2d the questions of whether or not photographic evidence taken by a bank camera and introduced into the court case of a bank robber, Clayton, could be originated when the victims of the bank robbery where in fact locked in the safe and could not act as witnesses to the five photographs that were entered into evidence. Because the five photographs originated from two rolls of bank surveillance film the defendant questioned the originality of the evidence.
"The court determined that even though the five photographs were taken from the rolls of bank film the original evidence of the bank film has also been introduced into evidence and was authenticated by the victims and direct witnesses of the bank robbery. The court determined that even though the hostages were held in the bank vault and did not witnesses every aspect of the crime they could still act as witnesses in identifying the photographic evidence and although..."

Tags:Kelly-Frye standard, United States v. Clayton, authentication, Connecticut v. Swinton

Abstract
This paper reviews the case of "Grutter versus Bollinger" that tested the subject of race conscious admission policies for public universities. The paper places the presentation of majority and minority opinions of the court in the historical context of the Fourteenth Amendment and previous Supreme Court rulings. The majority opinion is presented as well as the contrasting minority disagreement. The paper shows how the court did find that race conscious admission polices were of a compelling governmental interest and the policies of the University of Michigan Law School did not violate the constitution.

Tags:admission policies, race, 14th amendment

Abstract
The writer relates that as science and medicine have advanced dramatically in recent decades, growth in the pharmaceutical industry has provided excellent career opportunities. The writer explains that for many years, he has watched the development of this field with keen interest, while also harboring great hope of someday having the chance to establish a career in pharmacy. The writer asserts that he considers it an honor to have the opportunity to submit the following admission essay concerning why he wishes to attend the University of the Pacific Pharm.D program.

From the Paper
"As science and medicine have advanced dramatically in recent decades, growth in the pharmaceutical industry has provided excellent career opportunities. For many years, I have watched the development of this field with keen interest, while also harboring great hope of someday having the chance to establish a career in pharmacy. In terms of more immediate pursuits, I consider it an honor to have the opportunity to submit the following admission essay concerning why I wish to attend the University of the Pacific Pharm.D program. Perhaps most importantly, I cannot think of anything more exciting, or..."

Tags:admission essay, pharmacy, pharmaceutical

Abstract
This paper revises and edits a student's answers for an admissions essay. The paper highlights the choosing of a communications major and his experiences including military service and multicultural experiences. The paper mentions philanthropy and academic awards, as well as the lessons learned from these experiences and accolades. The paper also mentions a multi-national educational experience.

From the Paper
"I remember my parents saying, "If you have any plans about your dream it is not a dream anymore but a step toward your success!" Growing up in South Korea, my family insisted that having a dream is one of the most valuable and necessary elements in one's life. Although I had many aspirations growing up that included becoming a scientist, computer programmer, or teacher I had never focused on one particular path. Having pressure from my parents and being unfocused throughout high school made me change my mind frequently. While serving in the Korean army, I had to grow up and contemplate my..."

Tags:communications, admission, military

Abstract
This is an admissions essay for a MSW degree. The applicant discusses her initial bachelor's degree in psychology and also her desire to help others. In addition, the writer discusses the death of her sister in a car accident, which led to her return to Brazil and her first job experience in the field for which she is now seeking a degree. The writer is an immigrant to the U.S.. and this theme is threaded throughout the piece.

From the Paper
"In 1985, a young woman with a head full of dreams and aspirations came to the United State. Like many other immigrants, she was in search of a better life for herself and her family. Today, this woman is still here writing this statement in order to fulfill another dream, to earn a MSW degree. When I first arrived, I dreamed of attending college, a dream that seemed impossible to me since I did not speak English and was not eligible for federal financial aid. Many years have passed since my dream finally came true. I was in college, at the University of Maryland, studying Psychology. The first day in college felt wonderful, seeing the classroom, the diverse body of classmates, the green campus, and the gigantic library - it felt like heaven. I was the first person in my entire family, including extended family to ever go to college. However, at that time I also had to work and raise my daughter as a single mother. I had to divide my time among so many obligations. I have to admit that having a high GPA was not my primary concern at that time but I truly believe that I did my best under the circumstances. I finally graduated a B.S in Psychology. It is a day that I often go back to, and reflect on my past, all the financial difficulties I experienced as a child, and all the sacrifices my family made so I could immigrate to the USA."

Tags:admissions, immigrant, psychology, social work

Abstract
The paper provides an admission essay for the USC dental hygiene program. The student reflects on a quote by Thomas Edison about failing before you succeed.

From the Paper
"Since I began pursuit of an undergraduate degree from the University of California at Los Angeles, I have changed my mind regarding my long-term goals and objectives on several occasions. At times, I have been tempted to consider myself a failure and to be overly critical about my ability to determine a career path and then accomplish the things necessary to embark on that path. However, I do agree with Thomas Edison that eliminating wrong choices or false starts can ultimately lead one forward to..."

Tags:admission, essay

Abstract
In this article, the writer presents an admissions essay for studying Clinical Nutrition at the University of California. The writer covers reason for the choice of direction, most of which are personal.

From the Paper
"There are many reasons why I have decided to study Clinical Nutrition at a university level. Some of these reasons are practical, as I recognize that a major in Clinical Nutrition will allow me to prosper in my later life. However, most of my reasons for choosing this major are very personal. Since I believe that a profession should be both practical and personal, Clinical Nutrition makes sense for me. I hope that this essay will adequately express my passion and interest in this field so that I may take advantage of the many resources the University of California has to offer."

Tags:admission, essay, questions

Abstract
This paper constitutes an admission essay into a specialized program. The essay itself is an answer to an open-ended question. The question asks if one could travel abroad for education, where would the author choose to travel and what would the author hope to gain from the cultural experience. In this case, the author choses to hypothetically travel to China and answers the question accordingly.

From the Paper
"If I had the opportunity to travel for my education or personal interest I would be most interested in visiting Eastern Asia, particularly China. I feel that I could learn a tremendous amount from the culture, people and historical sights in that area of the world. The Chinese have had an extremely rich and varied history, often struggling but maintaining a strong lineage of culture and pride. While they still sometimes struggle with politics and individual rights, they are currently emerging as an economic power in the world. The political balancing act that is constantly going on there is fascinating, and I would love to learn and see first hand what changes are taking place. Most of the information about China that most Americans see is from news sources taking a more global and Westernized view of things."

Tags:admissions, essay, travel

Abstract
The paper examines the Cheryl Hopwood case where a young white woman applied to the University of Texas Law School and was denied admission. The paper shows that four years later Hopwood, along with four other plaintiffs, filed a lawsuit against the University of Texas Law School for reverse discrimination. This paper provides specific reasons that support race-based admissions for colleges and universities. The paper points to the educational benefits students receive when they attended a diverse college.

From the Paper
"Another educational benefit to college students is that studies have shown that a diverse campus contributes to better academic outcomes. In 1999, Gurin conducted a study of the educational benefits of college students who attended a diverse college campuses. Gurin found that White students, as well as minority students, reported higher levels of "diverse ideas and information" (10). Gurin also found in his study that students from diverse college campuses were more likely to show growth in their "active thinking processes" (10). That is, college students from diverse campuses scored higher test scores in complex thinking and social thinking than those from a more homogeneous college campus. These students also had "higher levels of intellectual engagement and motivation" (21). Lastly, these students were more likely to aspire to go to graduate school (23). As seen in Gurin's study, college students from diverse campuses gained educational benefits."

Tags:action, affirmative, cultural, english, essay, persuasive, psychology, research, sociology, studies