Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson administrations. The author takes the reader on a discussion about the first and fifth Amendment and which administration was the most effective in getting those followed.

Abstract
This paper presents the author's personal view on public administrations. The author takes the view that dictatorships can never be successful and he gives examples from around the world to support his view. The paper concludes that until democratic governments are encouraged and allowed to be established without interference from other quarters, the authoritarian public administration will continue to flourish.

Table of Contents:
Dictatorships Can Never Be Successful
Development of Public Administration
How the Other Half Lives

From the Paper
"It would be a wonderful world if the public administration had evolved the same way throughout the world. We are in 21st century now and we have not reached a point where people in the so called developing countries could speak their mind and criticize the government or bureaucracy by pointing to mistakes of individuals for correcting the system. President Kim of North Korea or Middle East Kings or Emirs could do no wrong. The State machinery will make sure that person doing so is put behind bars, beaten up, arrested on fake or genuine charges. The Police, the public administration and even the judiciary would not tolerate criticism."

Tags:democratic, dictator, government

Abstract
This paper discusses the preventable and unnecessary patient deaths that occur each year due to inaccurate administration of medications. As well as setting out the causes of medication administration errors, the paper describes the precautions that are set in place to prevents such errors and concludes that the use of barcodes is very likely the most reliable, efficient, cost-effective, and practicable method to reduce medication administration errors.

Outline:
Introduction - Mistakes in Medication Administration
Traditional Methods of Preventing Mistakes in Medication Administration
Comparing Traditional Methods of Preventing Mistakes in Medication Administration
The Use of Barcode Technology to Prevent Mistakes in Medication Administration
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Traditionally, implementation of the medication administrative record (MAR) procedure is thought to reduce medication administration errors. Medication administration record systems require nurses to record all medication administration immediately upon completion and to review previous entries prior to administrating medication. However, in practice, clinical studies have disclosed that nurses are somewhat less likely to comply strictly with the latter requirement, which significantly undermines the effectiveness of the MAR approach to reducing medication administration errors. Moreover, because the administrating practitioner is responsible for recording the entries, the potential for error extends to include that process itself, often serving merely to document rather than to prevent such errors from occurring."

Tags:administration, studies, methods

Abstract
The paper discusses how in order for a nurse administrator to be effective, she needs to be self-disciplined. The paper explains that the development of a nurse administrator begins from her education years throughout her clinical years of experience. The paper argues that it is vital that a nurse administrator learns how to receive information, choose the proper channels in communicating and to respond appropriately to feedback. The paper emphasizes that a nurse administrator needs to continually be aware of her behaviors and build confidence in her ability to manage a workforce.``

From the Paper
"In order for a nurse administrator to be effective, she needs to be self-disciplined. The development of a nurse administrator begins from her education years throughout her clinical years of experience. It is vital that a nurse administrator learns how to receive information, choose the proper channels in communicating and to respond appropriately to feedback. A nurse administrator needs to continually be aware of her behaviors and build confidence in her ability to manage a workforce. Many of the challenges of being a nurse administrator never come to..."``

Tags:nursing, administration, administrator``

Abstract
This paper outlines that one of the major disputes within educational institutions is the distribution of power and administrative responsibility: One side believes the administration and structuring of education needs to be left with ?professional? administrators, while the other side believes that teachers deserve a more central role. The author points out that teachers are affected by the decisions of administrators to a very high degree and need to have some control and influence over their fate. The paper concludes that the contention that teachers will advance their interests alone if given more administrative influence is absurd.

From the Paper
"Obviously, it is the unanimous opinion of those within our educational institutions is that teachers? opinions are not granted the same attention as others of power, so the next step in analyzing this phenomenon is asking ourselves "why" Paul Moreno, a reporter for the Massachusetts News, believes the problem lies within the teacher's union. He writes of teacher's unions throughout the nation using coercive power for control. Unions maintain strong positions of power within state legislatures and parental groups within school systems."

Tags:unions, administrators, role, control, power

Abstract
The paper states that public administration is crucial to the achievement of developmental aims and that it is substantially inextricable from its wider governance and societal structures and social milieus. The paper relates that an important unit of analysis is the nature of institutions and the "inherently" perceived phenomenon of power dynamics. The concept of power is important in understanding the intra- and inter-organizational political dynamics and reality of public institutions. The paper further states that it is crucial to understand the nature and role of public administration in society in light of globalization and changing role of the state. Lastly, the paper looks at the evolving role of public administration as an instrument of the state in "serving" citizens.

Outline:
Power and Institutions
Intergovernmental Relations: Bargaining and Negotiating
Public Administration in Democratic Governance
UNDP Governance Characteristics
Role of Government
Development Goals (MDGs)

From the Paper
"Thus, there is an imminent need to provide for a more balanced and holistic perspective of power in institutions so as to mitigate its predatory consequences and ensure positive implications on current normative trend espousing respect for human rights and rights of minority. The benign conceptualization of power dynamics in political institution, in a way, has a terrible effect on policies and public administration as it would seem espousing for institutionalized discrimination and oppression while benefiting others (usually those holding power or associated with them)."

Tags:public, administration, power, institutions

Abstract
The paper describes how Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President of the United States, constantly struggled with the concept of effective administration and vigorous leadership in a democratic government. The paper looks at his "The Study of Administration", an essay in which he argued that to make the American democratic nation more economical and efficient, it would be a safe move to adopt the type of administration developed by the European monarchies. The paper discusses how it is commonly thought that many of the ideas presented in the essay were from the German school of thought, as Wilson's mentor while doing graduate work at John's Hopkins, heartily endorsed the German theories he had learned while abroad.

From the Paper
"Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President of the United States, constantly struggled with the concept of effective administration and vigorous leadership in a democratic government. In 1887, he penned, "The Study of Administration", an essay in which he argued that to make the American democratic nation more economical and efficient, it would be a safe move..."

Tags:wilson, administration, policy

Abstract
This paper critically analyzes the administration policies and ideas set forth in an essay by President Woodrow Wilson entitled "The Study of Administration". The paper describes Wilson's thoughts about using ministrant (function of the government) and constituent ideas to represent political and apolitical branches respectively and relates that constituent functions were given very important tasks, such as the protection of liberty, life, and property, while ministrant functions were necessary for advancing societal interests. The paper concludes that Woodrow Wilson attempted to outline a coherent and somewhat revolutionary idea about public administration and politics and how each should be separate, yet work together.

From the Paper
"Wilson was determined to make reforms and labeled areas that were functions of the government "ministrant" and those that were not, or were apolitical, he labeled "constituent" (Clements 320). These constituent functions were given very important tasks, such as the protection of liberty, life, and property, while ministrant functions were necessary for advancing the societal interests (320). Although these labels appear to be incorrectly given as ministrant areas were given what really appeared to be political functions such as labor regulation, communications, transportation maintenance, education, and conservation efforts."

Tags:wilson, public, administration, policy, politics

Abstract
Successful management of the media is a key element of politics today. This paper assesses the manner, and extent to which, the US administration and the media cooperate to manufacture consent. It highlights the extent to which The New York Times merely restates the administration's position and relies principally on administration sources. The influence outside of the US, in Canada, is also briefly examined.

Tags:media, management, administration

Abstract
This paper examines the role of the database administrator, why they are necessary in organizations and how a database administrator differs from a knowledge manager. The paper examines the various jobs and functions of database management in large organizations.

From the Paper
"Few companies today are able to exist without an information technology department. Whether a large multinational conglomerate or a small retail establishment nearly all companies rely on computers to some degree. Some companies are highly dependent on computer systems while others use them only for accounting and related tasks. Every organization even the smallest company has at least one person whose job entails making sure that the computer system is up and running or at least knowing who to call when the computer system goes ..."

Tags:database administrator, database administration, knowledge manager