Abstract
This paper examines attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, asserting that a significant cause of the condition is exposure to toxins and neurotoxins. The paper includes 15 references including 5 books, 5 journal articles, and 5 web sites, as well as incorporating 5 interviews with mothers and their ADHD children.

From the Paper
"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD is a persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequently displayed and more severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development. Since the disease is not one that can be diagnosed definitively by a blood test or other simple means, it is one that demands that the patient be evaluated in terms of the symptoms and behaviors that are manifested. Although there are some factors that alert..."

Tags:ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, neurotoxins, lead, mercury, PCB, thimerosal, fluoride

Abstract
The paper explores attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by considering its history, symptoms, and the way in which children are assessed. The paper then devotes time to discussing the cognitive ablilities of children with ADHD, including memory skills, and concludes with a brief discussion on future issues facing children with the disorder.

Outline:
Introduction
Historical Overview
"The Story of Fidigty Philip"
Assessment of Children with ADHD
Cognitive Abilities of Children with ADHD
ADHD Children and Memory
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Although ADHD was not discovered by Dr. Heinrich Hoffman, a physican who published a number of books pertaining to psychiatry and medicine, his book "The Story of Fidigty Philip" (1863) clearly portrays a child with ADHD. Nevertheless, it was not until 1902 that Sir George F. Still described a condition which he entitled "Morbid Defect of Moral Control," and which he ascribed to a genetic disorder rather than that of poor parenting. His work described a group of children with significant behavioral problems, including high levels of hyperactivity and impulsiveness, thus referring to what is now termed ADHD."

Tags:impulsiveness, memory, cognition, attention, span, frustration, self-esteem, Ritalin

Abstract
This paper describes and discusses various methods for teaching children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper also discusses the difficulties encountered by children with ADHD.

Tags:Teaching, methods, of, ADHD

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and looks at its symptoms, causes and treatments.

From the Paper
"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attention deficit disorder (ADD) are the most common mental disorders diagnosed among children in the United States. Primary care physicians provide a major component of the care for children with these diagnoses and more often than not children with these disorders are prescribed psychotropic medications such as Ritalin and Dexitrine. ADHD affects approximately one to three percent of all elementary school-aged ..."

Tags:ADHD, treatment, symptoms

Abstract
This paper explains that, because the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on symptomatology and that, because there are no biological markers as yet, physicians and parents are concerned with the accurate diagnosis of children with ADHD and the quantification of the level of impairment. The author points out that, in the U.S., the incidence of the diagnosis of ADHD has skyrocketed over recent years. The paper stresses that the simple question is whether ADHD is a genuine disorder or a pathological label for normal, if frustrating, childhood behavior such as inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The paper includes several quotations.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
ADHD Overview
Diagnosis
ADHD - Over-diagnosed
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Although guidelines have been established, to assist physicians in the diagnosing of ADHD, many physicians are unfamiliar with these guidelines. Instead, they base their diagnosis on inaccurate methods such as in-office observation and whether or not the patient responds to stimulant prescriptions, which leads to over-diagnosis via mis-diagnosis of ADHD. This inconsistent and inaccurate testing is compounded by society's desire to see children diagnosed with ADHD."

Tags:symptomatology, experts, differentiate, prescriptions, anxiety

Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at the behavioral disorder known as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), providing first a general definition of the disorder, a description of typical symptoms associated with ADHD, and an explanation of why it is difficult to understand the etiology of ADHD. It then describes the difficulty in assessing and diagnosing children with ADHD, discusses what is known about the etiology of the disorder, and looks at treatment options available for ADHD. The paper also briefly discusses what is known about ADHD in adults and concludes by noting that additional areas of study are required in order to obtain a better understanding of ADHD.


Assessment and Diagnosis
Etiology
Treatment
Comorbidity
ADHD in Adults

From the Paper
"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a very controversial disorder, and its diagnosis, unfortunately, is only empirical. ADHD is a "very loosely defined assemblage of neuropsychiatric clusters appearing in childhood and often persisting into adolescence and even adulthood" (Kidd, 2000). The most common symptoms of ADHD include age-inappropriate inattention/inability to stay focused, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, other symptoms may often include things such as restlessness, mood swings, temper tantrums, problems completing tasks, disorganization, and an inability to cope with stress (Kidd, 2000)."

Tags:school-aged, children, male, female, affecting, emotional, social, performance, self-esteem

Abstract
The paper defines and describes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in order to research the side effects of psychotropic medication in children when compared with herbal remedies. The paper also examines behavior modification implemented in the classroom. The paper then shows how each of these treatments has advantages and disadvantages and concludes that more research is needed.

Outline:
Introduction
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Treatments for ADHD
Discussion and Conclusion

From the Paper
"According to the National Institutes of Health, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder was first brought to the attention of the medical and psychological communities in 1902 when Sir George Still published lectures that were given to the Royal College of Physicians in England. The lectures discussed children displaying impulsive behavior as a result of a genetic dysfunction. The symptoms associated with ADHD include hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention ("Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder"; Barondes, 2003)."

Tags:Ritalin, Adderall, Ginkgo, Biloba, ginseng, behavior, modification

Abstract
This paper explains that, because children with ADHD have behavioral characteristics that are disruptive in the classroom, parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may experience numerous battles with educators and administrators about the need to medicate their children. The author points out that prescribed medications, commonly given to ADHD children such as Adderall and Ritalin have many side effects. The paper urges that a consistent behavior modification program is an excellent and successful substitute for medicating these children

Table of Contents
History of ADHD and its Symptoms
Struggles of having a Child with ADHD
Medications Used for the Treatment of ADHD and their Side Effects
Alternative Options for Treatment

From the Paper
"Another commonly prescribed medication for the child with ADD or ADHD is Ritalin. Ritalin has historically been used for the treatment of ADD of ADHD the longest, and it has the same side effects as Adderall and all of the other medications prescribed for the treatment of ADD and ADHD. In May of 2000 in a Texas court, the law firm of Waters and Kraus brought forth a class action suit against the manufactures of Ritalin. This suit charged that the American Psychiatric Association committed fraud in conspiring to over-promote the diagnosis of ADHD and its treatment with the stimulant, Ritalin (Breggin). What many citizens do not know is that representatives of prescription drug companies visit doctors' offices on a daily basis."

Tags:disruptive, teachers, side-effects, behavior-modification, self-image

Abstract
The paper identifies the behavioral issues manifested in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and relates that the treatment of ADHD is focused on offsetting the severe blow to a child's self-esteem. The paper discusses the importance of parents and children perceiving ADHD not as a behavior problem but as a cognitive issue and reveals that the ability to treat ADHD benefits not only the child himself, but the entire classroom and learning process for all participants. The paper concludes that while children may not be cured of ADHD, as long as their self-esteem is preserved, the conditions of ADHD can be overcome.

From the Paper
"ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, manifests in children in pre-school and early school years, and distinguishes those children by the impact that the condition has on their learning abilities, as it leads to both disruption in their personal learning process as well as disruption in the classroom learning process through behavioral deficiencies as well. This is due to the fact that the primary characteristic of children with ADHD is that they have difficulty controlling their own behavior as well as paying attention. The most conservative research estimates that between 3 and 5 percent of American children, or 2 million, have ADHD in the United States. That means at least one in every standardized classroom size of 25-30 students (Attention Deficit, 2008)."

Tags:inattentiveness, impulsivity, behavior, disruption, self, esteem

Abstract
This paper presents a case study of a little girl called Theresa who is diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper explains the disorder and discusses the different symptoms evident in a child with ADHD. Different methods of treatment are explored. The paper contends that, while there are many speculative theories of the cause of ADHD, the actual cause is unknown.

From the Paper
"To offer a shared understanding of what attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is, the following case study is presented for the reader. Theresa is a five-year-old girl attending kindergarten in a small town. Prior to beginning kindergarten, Theresa seemed to be well adjusted and well liked by everyone. Everything changed when she started kindergarten. Theresa's teacher was sending home notes on a daily basis describing behavior that was not the normal for Theresa. According to her teacher, Theresa refused to follow the class rules and was causing problems and getting in fights with the other children. Naturally, Theresa's mother was concerned and worked diligently with the teacher to turn Theresa's behavior around. All to no avail. Theresa kept getting into trouble and her mother, in a last ditch effort, decided to take Theresa in to see a physician. The family physician referred Theresa to a child psychologist in hopes they would be able to make a diagnosis. Some of Theresa's abnormal behaviors included constant motion when she was suppose to be sitting down or resting quietly with the rest of the class, constant body motion when she was sitting (i.e. swinging her feet, tapping her hands on the desk), not paying attention to the teacher. The psychologists interviewed Theresa and her mother and observed Theresa for several hours. Of course the behaviors in question were all present during the entire interview. At the conclusion of the interview, the psychologist diagnosed Theresa with ADHD."

Tags:behavior, disruptive, ritalin