Abstract
This paper explains that the children of addicted parents are at a much higher risk of continuing anti-social behavior and chemical dependency than those from non-abusing families. It is also suggested that there is a need for more research to investigate and compare juvenile delinquents from homes of substance-abusing families with those who come from non-substance-abusing environments. The writer concludes that there is need for specialized intervention services that offer offenders help to deal with their childhood experiences .

From the Paper
"Every year in the United States, approximately 2.3 million persons under the age of eighteen are arrested by police and many more cases go unreported by citizens or unfounded by police (Juvenile Pp). The majority of juvenile crime is increasingly committed at younger ages and frequently marked by brutality and gratuitous violence (Juvenile Pp). During the last fifteen years, the number of juvenile offenders under the age of 15 increased by 94 percent. Juvenile crimes include assault, carrying a weapon, murder, robbery, auto theft, arson, vandalism, burglary and rape (Juvenile Pp)."

Tags:abuse, crime, substance

Abstract
There are an increasing number of individuals serving time in jails and prisons for drug-related crimes. However, the majority of these individuals have never received treatment for any substance abuse problems outside of the prison system, and the majority of them are still not being served while in prison.

From the Paper
"Treatment of Drug-Addicted Offenders in Prison
Abstract
There are an increasing number of individuals serving time in jails and prisons for drug-related crimes. However, the majority of these individuals have never received treatment for any substance abuse problems outside of the prison system, and the majority of them are still not being served while in prison.


The federal government has authorized a new push for treatment of substance abusers within the prison system. Nevertheless, there are many obstacles to effective treatment, including inadequate guidelines and standards..."

Abstract
This paper explains how drug abuse among health care workers poses serious risks for patients and providers alike. It looks at the additional temptation and hurdles health care workers face when confronted with addictive material on a daily basis. It examines methods that can be used to combat the problem.

From the Paper
"Drug abuse among health-care workers poses serious risks for patients and providers alike. "Health professionals are in a position to cause harm to individuals under their care if they're under the influence of a drug," says Mary Haack, PhD, RN, an associate professor at the University of Maryland School of Nursing (Borkowski, 3). Their own medical knowledge may start some health-care workers down the path of addiction. Rather than seek help for physical or psychological problems, some attempt to self-medicate, abusing prescription medications like Demerol, codeine and morphine. "Since they know a lot about prescription drugs, they feel somewhat invulnerable. They think they know how to manage it, and that gets them into trouble" (Hack qtd. in Borkowski, 3). While drug addiction is often the result of experimentation in social situations, addiction is very solitary for health-care workers, who tend to abuse only on the job (Borkowski, 2002)."

Tags:narcotics, patient, health-care, medication

Abstract
This paper focuses on the issue of gambling and addiction in Australia. The paper defines problem or addictive gambling as an incapacitating disorder that often results in one's failure to maintain financial solvency. The writer of this paper delves into the various causes of this particular addiction which are often triggered by social pressures as well as the biochemistry and psychology of particular individuals. This paper looks at the biological causes in which an addicted gambler appears to have a greater biological or chemical need for arousal or relaxation when compared to a non-addicted person. The writer discusses the various types of personalities that are more susceptible to becoming addicted to gambling and the social demographics that also impact the venue of gambling behavior.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Gambling in Australia Today: Causes and Solutions
Conclusion
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Certain social demographics impact the venue of gambling behavior. Younger gamblers are more apt to use the Internet. Women are more likely to use slot machines than bet on sports. Lower income individuals use slot machines rather than horse racing. Yet, not every group gambles equally often, demographically. Protestants seem less likely to gamble than Catholics. Culture plays a role, and demographics affect the choice gambling venue method. Yet when new forms of gambling are introduced, there is an overall increase in gambling. The method of gambling may also influence the likelihood of abuse."

Tags:social, culture, gambling, behavior, psychologicial, addiction, australia

Abstract
The paper examines the current research on parental substance abuse and juvenile delinquency. The paper shows how the research highlights a link between negative parenting and juvenile delinquency, and indicates that parental substance use impacts parenting skills, but fails to directly correlate parental substance abuse with juvenile delinquency. The paper proposes a study that will determine the rates of parental substance abuse in delinquent and non-delinquent juvenile populations and outlines the planned methodology, analysis of results and ethical considerations involved.

Outline:
Objective
Literature Review
Research Questions
Method
Analysis
Ethical Considerations

From the Paper
"Many people automatically assume that drug and alcohol addicts are bad parents, based on the idea that they are bad people. However, it is patently false to assume that addicts are bad people. Though it is highly misunderstood, addiction is a disease. In addition, drug abusers are oftentimes not able to stop using simply changing behavior. This is due to the oftentimes underestimated "complexity of drug addiction...it is a disease that impacts the brain and because of that, stopping drug abuse is not simply a matter of willpower." (National Institute on Drug Abuse). In fact, the "abuse of drugs leads to changes in the structure of the brain...over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse can affect a person's self control and ability to make sound decisions." (National Institute on Drug Abuse). Therefore, it seems reasonable to assume that, due to their impaired judgment, drug abusers are not likely to be very stable or effective parents, even if, aside from the addiction, they are otherwise good and moral people."

Tags:substance, abuse, addiction, parenting

Abstract
This paper explores the literature related to substance abuse treatment in the prison system in order to learn which programs are most effective in helping drug-addicted offenders achieve and sustain sobriety. It discusses how there are an increasing number of individuals serving time in jails and prisons for drug-related crimes and how the majority of these individuals have never received treatment for any form of substance abuse problems outside of the prison system. It examines the barriers to creating effective programs and how some model programs such as IMPACT in Chicago and the Delaware program, have incorporated the best understandings of effective drug treatment services for a prison population.

Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Problem
Assumptions
Delimitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
Review of Related Literature
Introduction
Obstacles
Legal Problems
Referral and Screening
Some Specific Programs
The Therapeutic Community Model
Other Models
Meditation
Analysis Evaluation and Findings
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

From the Paper
"Yet another program is the Jail Substance Abuse Program (JSAP). In this program, developed by the Washington County Health Department in Hagerstown, MD, there is an in-jail program of six weeks in a 17-bed treatment unit. This is followed by an aftercare treatment component. Again, most JSAP referrals come from the court, up to 80 percent, with the other referrals primarily from jail medical departments, classification officers, or self-referral. Potential clients are screened with a questionnaire that looks at drug and alcohol history, prior treatment experience, and withdrawall symptoms. They receive a comprehensive assessment that may include the Addiction Severity Index, the MAST, or the Mortimer-Filkins Test. Admission to the program is based both on the screening document and the assessment. Inmates who have long jail sentences, are on psychotropic medication, or have a history of violence are denied admission."

Tags:substance, abuse, offenders, community, programs

Abstract
The drug methamphetamine, also known as 'meth', is cheap and easily obtained. This makes it a risk among those who feel overwhelmed by their circumstances, such as mothers or pregnant women. Whereas the drug itself is not costly, this addiction costs many of these women their children. The paper argues that in order to rehabilitate these women, it is perhaps better to work with them on a social basis than to send them to jail or to remove their children on a permanent basis. This paper considers the issues involved with meth addiction, along with strategies that could be followed towards rehabilitation.

From the Paper
"Women today find themselves in a situation where they are expected to be good at everything. While this is perhaps good from the perspective of Women's Lib, it is a difficult image to keep up. No woman can juggle job, children and home while looking good at the same time, all the time. The challenge of living up to this nearly impossible ideal is what makes them vulnerable to Meth (Morente, 2003). The drug is also particularly attractive for its appetite-killing properties. Keeping thin, taking care of the children and the home, as well as keeping up a fair job performance suddenly seem less difficult (Walters, 2003)."

Tags:euphoria, stillbirths, House, of, Hope

Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of internet addiction, where by people become addicted to surfing the internet for hours on end, affecting the way in which they relate and interact with their family, colleagues, friends and society in general. According to this paper, internet addiction should be treated in a similar manner to other types of addiction.

From the Paper
"Addiction may take on a variety of forms. People might become addicted to alcohol, illegal drugs, or prescription medications. Addictions, in fact, have become almost expected. However, the continued rise in the advancements of technology has brought about concerns relating to video games, pornography, and the Internet. As with addictions related to substances, many people become addicted to computers. The Internet provides a lure for them that they cannot ignore. Furthermore, as in all other addictions, Internet addiction affects the ways in which people interact in society, how they function within their families, and how they conduct their lives. It is evident that Internet addicts share many of the same traits correlated with other addictions, and therefore, the problem is one that needs to be addressed."

Tags:internet, addiction, society

Abstract
This paper discusses the phenomenon of the increasing incidence of substance abuse and addiction in the United States. The paper discusses the effects of substance abuse on the addicted individual, as well as everyone who is associated with that person, such as family members, neighbors and co-workers.

From the Paper
"Introduction Substance abuse addiction in the United States is an issue that has continued to grow each year of the last several decades. In some portions of society the addictions to substances are so prevalent that people think of addiction as a common element of society, without concern for what is happening to the people that are affected by the addiction. Those that are affected are not merely the addicts, but the families, co-workers, and neighbors of substance abuse addicts. Furthermore, the affects of substance abuse will ultimately exist throughout the social order to the extent that society becomes nonchalant about substance abuse addiction, with condemnation for those that do the abusing. "

Tags:addiction, drugs, alcohol

Abstract
The paper discusses the mechanisms whereby people become addicted to drugs, citing numerous studies. The paper reviews different classes of drugs to which people become addicted - alcohol, opiates, stimulants - and compares the effects. The paper also reviews sociological factors contributing to drug addiction. In conclusion, the writer states that through research, the mechanisms for how people can become addicted has been learned, but why people become addicted is something which scientific research has still been unable to answer. The writer states that the choice is individual and expresses the hope that people will choose wisely to avoid the destructive path of addiction.

From the Paper
"Nicotine works by stimulating acetylcholine receptors and also increases the activity of dopaminergic neurons. Animals in laboratory tests would self-administer nicotine. Because nicotine stimulates the dopaminergic system, smoking can make it more difficult for cocaine or heroin addicts to quit the drug. The stimulant drug, nicotine, even though it may seem "tame" after discussing the hard-core drugs, has the potential to become highly addictive. The combination of nicotine and other carcinogens in cigarettes can lead to cancer of parts of the body which are exposed to smoke. An example of the dangers and addictive nature of smoking can be seen in Sigmund Freud. His theories of psychoanalysis stressed the importance of insight in changing one's behavior. It is ironic that even after most of his jaw was removed due to cancer from smoking, he was still unable to quit. Ultimately, his cancer killed him (Carlson, 586). Even though in the short term smoking may produce less serious affects than other hard core drugs, smoking related deaths remains as one of the top killers of Americans. The psychological dependency of smoking coupled with the physiologic dependence makes it one of the most addictive and possibly dangerous addictions in terms of its long-term consequences. "Approximately 20 million Americans have used marijuana (labeled the "assassin of youth") at least once in a year placing themselves at risk for developing drug dependence and other problems (Zimbardo 129). The active ingredient in marijuana is THC. Psychological effects of marijuana include mild highs in small doses, and long hallucinogenic reactions in high doses. It also produces euphoria, distortions and occasional out of body experiences. However, marijuana can produce fear, anxiety, and confusion as well as impair motor function. The physiological effects of THC remain a mystery. There are THC receptors in the brain, but the chemical produced by the body for this receptor is still unknown. What is known about THC is that is has an effect on dopaminergic neurons. (Zimbardo, 129). Marijuana also affects short term memory and a person's ability to keep track of a topic in conversation (Carlson, 588)."

Tags:narcotics, opiates, heroin, stimulants, nicotine, cocaine, marijuana