Abstract This paper explains that, within the military, new words are often created out of a need for efficiency and clarity. The author points out that acronyms, truncated words, different words, nicknames, radio terminology, and obscenities play a key role in U.S. Army lingo. The paper includes examples of truncated words, such as 'Medevac', which stands for medical evacuation; 'comms check' for a communication check; 'mando study' or 'mando' is mandatory study; 'reclass' stands for reclassify; 'ammo' for ammunition; and a 'warno' is a warning order, which tells you that something is coming up.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Army Lingo: Acronyms, Truncated Words, Different Words, Nicknames, and Radio Terminology
The Phonetic Alphabet
Phonetic Numbers
Conclusion
From the Paper "The list of truncated words in the U.S. Army is seemingly endless. Army personnel eat chow at the chow hall. The phrase "cherry pickers" refers to an exercise that resembles picking cherries, while a bird is a helicopter. A lifer is a career military man (usually derogatory), while falling out is the term for falling behind in a run. Rocking out is totally failing a course. If you are lucky, you will just roll back, or get recycled, which is repeating a course of study. Ruck up means to put on your ruck sack and gear. ?Hooah!? is similar to saying ?Go Braves,? however it is so versatile that it can be used to show excitement, say "yes", or say that's ?cool,? or that's ?inspiring.? The term barracks refers to dorms."
Abstract The paper reveals that over 7,000 deaths occur a year due to medication errors! The paper discusses unclear medical abbreviations as well as other prescription errors, such as no directions or no strength advised. The paper also discusses the accuracy of e-prescribing but points out that it still represents only a very small amount of prescriptions written each year. The paper then relates that problems arise with abbreviations and acronyms of medical conditions such as the abbreviation CP that can stand for many diseases. The paper asserts that it is disconcerting that the American Medical Association (AMA) is moving so slowly on this issue, considering the amount of deaths that occur.
From the Paper "The whole point of going to a healthcare provider is to get better, not become more ill or even die because someone misread a medication prescription. Unfortunately, that is too often the case. According to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, over 7,000 deaths occur a year due to medication errors. These errors can happen anywhere in the medication-use system, from prescribing to administering a drug in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, nursing homes and homecare services. As a result, in 2006 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration launched a nationwide health professional education campaign in order to reduce the number of common but preventable sources of medication mistakes caused by using unclear medical abbreviations."
Abstract This paper examines the idea of justification for the notion that military history may in fact be a genre of the discipline of history in its own right. The author finds that there is certainly a lexicon of expressions, terminology and acronyms unique to its study and writing. He sees that military history is unique on many levels, and there are some curious aspects and juxtapositions within the genre that seem to defy the rules of historical scholarship that are applied elsewhere within the history discipline. It is a genre that seems to cross historiographical boundaries and be bound only to its own set of rules and regulations.
From the Paper "There is also some level of expected knowledge in much of it, for instance a given familiarity of the grand naval strategy ideas of Alfred Thayer Mahan and Sir Julian Corbett in works of naval history. Overall it also seems expected that one will have read and digested Von Clausewitz (and to have had curiosity to reach back further and read Jomini) as a prelude to any military history written after the 1850s. There certainly seems to be some higher levels of "given" knowledge than in other sub-disciplines of history. There is also perhaps another perception - that much of what is written as military history is simply categorising under accepted and rigid categories of the genre. A perception that analysis only goes as deep as the last great analysis of a particular topic. Yet that may also be true of many other forms of writing history, genres of history and, indeed other disciplines as well. It is perhaps because military activities are some of the most meticulously documented events that are at the same time bound up in human contradiction that makes this so."
Tags: civil, gurkhas, history, marxist, postmodernism, war, whig
Abstract TCP/IP is the acronym for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which was originally established by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1993 to connect defense department computers with other computer networks.This paper shows that while for the average computer user, TCP/IP probably doesn?t mean a whole lot, except maybe when it comes to "configuring" their computer so they can get online, without the TCP/IP protocol, the activity experienced on the internet up until this point would not be possible. This paper examines some of the components of the TCP/IP protocol and explores their uses as they apply to relevant parts of the internet.
From the Paper "TCP and IP actually represent a family of many protocols, with TCP/IP being the common term used when speaking of any one of those protocols. For instance, different protocols allow computers to do different things such as transferring files or sending or receiving mail. One of the most important services of TCP/IP is the ability to transfer files, commonly referred to as FTP, which allows a user on one computer to get files or a part of a file from another computer. Another popular service TCP/IP allows is the remote logon, which allows a user to access to a network system from a computer at a remote location. Probably the most popular, or at least one of the most common, uses provided by TCP/IP is electronic mail. Other services TCP/IP offers are data formatting, encryption, and the transmission of binary data over a communications network."
Abstract This paper provides an insight into AMBER, the acronym for America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response which uses teamwork between the media, citizens and law enforcement in order to find abducted children. It describes how the program works works by sending crucial information to the public, via radio TV, and sometimes electronic roadside signs. It examines its pros and cons such as desensitization from overuse and provides statistics on children that disappear and the readness of the public to help.
From the Paper "Recent history has shown that the AMBER alert system is needed. Statistics show that there are about 46,000 non-relative kidnappings each year, and two thirds of those involve a sexual assault. Because parents don?t always immediately notice that a child is missing, a 2-hour delay before reporting the abduction is common, but three-fourths of the children killed in these incidents are killed within three hours of being taken (KKF, 2002). This makes a rapid and wide response urgent, but police can only be in so many places at once."
Abstract This paper performs an SCP analysis of Microsoft. Microsoft has the business mission of manufacturing and selling software programs for use on personal and business computers. The acronym SCP stands for Structure-Conduct-Performance and is an effective method for evaluating companies. The first part deals explores the actual organizational structure of Microsoft. The second part deals with conduct and pricing issues, including the recent anti-trust rulings and the third explores the profitability and performance of the company.
Outline
Introduction
Part I: Structure
Part II. Conduct
The Force of Suppliers
The Force of Buyers
Force of Threat of Entry by New Competitors
Force of Substitution
The Force of Competitive Rivalry
Part III. Performance
Profits
Amount of R&D and Extent of Innovation
Conclusion
From the Paper "The reality is that relatively few of the organizations that institute change"or are forced into it"realize the benefits they had hoped for, and, in fact, end up worse off than they were before (Johnson & Scholes, 1996). In an attempt to help prospective software companies become Microsoft partners, the company has devoted a large portion of its MSN partners web site to guiding developers in what is called "The Microsoft Solution Framework." This is a system designed to help organizations effectively handle the constant changing parameters of their software and hardware requirements ("Solutions Framework...", 1998, Online)."
Abstract This paper examines results of research conducted on remembering strategies, focusing on imagery-based mnemonic strategies. The paper looks at experiments done for the elderly with memory problems, the use of computer-assisted teaching programs for sufferers of multiple sclerosis and the development of acronyms to help people remember legislation laws.
From the Paper "A mnemonic technique was developed to help firms comply with California's Injury and Illness Prevention Program legislation (McMahan, Stokols, Wells and Clitheroe, 1997). Under California Senate Bill 198, all California employers must establish, implement and maintain a worksite injury and illness prevention program. This bill has not been widely implemented by small firms, so a program known as REACH OUT was devised which clarifies the legislation and provides a model for developing and implementing the rules. The acronym incorporates the act's eight basic implementation steps. It uses very simple, non-technical language and vivid examples and anecdotes to communicate on a personal level."
Abstract AIDS is the acronym for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, a human viral disease that affects and destroys the immune system. It is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and leaves an infected person vulnerable to opportunistic infections. No cure has as yet been found for AIDS and is invariably fatal once the infection is full blown, although certain treatments can prolong the life spans and improve the quality of life of infected people. This essay describes the disease process, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, etiology and the treatments available. It also briefly discusses how the disease is transmitted and its prevalence in different categories of people, e.g., gays and heterosexuals; men and women; adults and children.
From the Paper "Symptoms alone are not a reliable diagnosis for being HIV positive or even AIDS, since fever, sore throat, headache, skin rash may be the symptoms of many other diseases as well. The only reliable way for diagnosing an HIV positive person (i.e., whether someone has been infected with HIV) is by conducting a combination of an Eliza/Western Blot HIV Antibody Test. This test determines whether antibodies that develop to fight the HIV virus are present in a person's body. If they are present?it means the person is HIV positive. If the anti bodies are not found it may mean that the person is free from HIV. However, it is important to remember that the anti bodies against HIV may not develop for 3 months. (This period, known as the "window period" may in rare cases be of up to 6 months duration). Hence during the "window" period, even an HIV-infected person may test negative."
Abstract This paper offers an explanation of the database language XML, an acronym for Extensible Markup Language, which is a language that many industry experts believe has the power to change the way data is exchanged over the Web.
Contents
Introduction
Defining XML
Contributions to the Information Technology and Database Industries
History of XML
The Evolution of XML in Database Technology
XML Database Trends and Influences
Conclusion
From the Paper "Since its inception, XML has enabled Web developers to create integrated Web applications with greater ease and flexibility than before (St. Laurent, 1999). In addition, it has created a worldwide standard that define which data should appear in a document and in what order that data should be placed. XML, in collaboration with other industry standards, allows developers to define a document's content separately from its formatting. As a result, developers can easily reuse content in other applications or for other presentation environments."
Tags: information, technology, it, database, extensible, markup, language
Abstract This study examines the nature and effects of race and gender on managerial progression within the investment banking industry. It attempts to prove that race and gender have the potential to negatively impact a minority's ability to progress in the industry. Successful advancement opportunities, in theory, should be contingent upon an individual's skills, abilities and work history; unfortunately, time and time again, this theory has been disproved by statistical data, which indicates that race and gender do, in fact, impact on employees' potential for achievement. The study focuses on the managerial progression of candidates, both male and female, of minority and non-minority descent within the U.S. and the U.K. It also details the importance of developing more comprehensive recruiting and promotional activities targeted specifically toward these populations. The paper concludes that equality measures implemented thus far have not been efficient in attracting and promoting candidates.
Table of Contents
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
Chapter I: Introduction
Problem Statement (or Purpose)
Significance of the Study
Assumptions
Limitations
Definitions (or Acronyms)
Chapter II: Review of Relevant Literature and Research
Chapter III: Research Methodology
Research Technique
Research Design
Survey Population
Sources of Data
The Data Gathering Instrument
Distribution Method
Reliability
Validity
Treatment of Data and Procedures
Chapter IV: Results
Chapter V: Discussion
Chapter VI: Conclusions
Chapter VII: Recommendations
Appendixes: Bibliography, Tables, Interview Questions
From the Paper "Research also reveals that at least within the United States, finding African American presence among the highest levels of responsibility at Wall Street firms including financial institutions and investment banks is not nearly as difficult in modern times as in historical times (McCoy, 1992). Black finance professionals have actually "built impressive track records with their own investment firms" (McCoy, 1992).
The good news however is tempered by statistics that reveal that in general there are still very few African-Americans and like minded minorities working in managerial positions overall within the nation's leading investment banks (McCoy, 1992). This is even truer for minority women, who often face double discrimination, being an ethnic minority and being a woman. Statistics also reveal that few black finance professionals are currently "coming through the pipeline" to help statistics (McCoy, 1992)."
Abstract This study examines the relationship between U.S. military success and the acquisition of airstrips in enemy territory. It puts forward that argument that U.S. military forces have the ability to successfully accomplish any mission when provided with access and control of foreign airfields. Successful military operations are dependent upon reliable air delivery technologies and airfield infrastructures. These infrastructures provide the communications support and manpower necessary to promote success in any climate. The study focuses on the ability of the U.S. military to project itself to any theater of war from any aircraft carrier. It also details the importance of securing military airstrips to enable deployment of additional troops and supplies. It links past military successes with such efforts.
Table of Contents
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
Introduction
Problem Statement (or Purpose)
Significance of the Study
Assumptions
Limitations
Definitions (or Acronyms)
Review of Relevant Literature and Research
Research Methodology
Research Technique
Research Design
Survey Population
Sources of Data
The Data Gathering Instrument
Pilot Study
Pretest
Distribution Method
Reliability
Validity
Treatment of Data and Procedures
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
Appendixes
Bibliography
Instrument or Survey or Sample Data
Proposed Project Schedule
Methodology Worksheet
From the Paper "In most cases airfields are developed near cities, which may provide key strategic locality for military personnel. The acquisition of airfields in the past has often meant the difference between success and failure. Oftentimes, air force personnel have no method of relief other than provided through air transportation. Supplies and personnel can be delivered thanks to modern technologies. Military strategic objectives revolve around the ability of personnel to seize or gain access to key installations. Operatives are no longer reliant upon the capability of ships. The center of gravity for military success has definitely become military airstrips. The recent military success in Afghanistan further supports the idea that the U.S. military dominates in the arena of airpower, and can adapt their operations to accommodate an airfield whether it is fully equipped or unprepared."
This paper is a case study of the ZAP Power Systems of Sebastopol, California, a participant in the Electric Vehicle industry (EV). The name of the company is an acronym for Zero Air Pollution, an indication of the company's product profile.
Abstract This paper explains that the ZAP company began by commercializing electrically powered bikes, acquired several diverse products and patents in this area, and expanded distribution globally and through the Internet, changing its name to Zapworld.com. The author points out that there is a high degree of rivalry in the EV market, including the electric bicycle market, the scooter market, the golf caddies market, and other similar products. Each market is quite segmented and has many small manufacturers, but no serious large players; thus, the industry is in the early EV producing stages. The paper recommends that the company adopt a high volume/low price strategy, yet maintain quality, thus increasing the ZAP's competitive abilities.
Table of Contents
Executive Report
Introduction
Situation Analysis
SWOT Analysis
Industry Analysis
Competition Analysis ? Porter's Five Forces Model
The Degree of Rivalry
The Threat of Entry
The Threat of Substitutes
Buyer Power
Supplier Power
Macro-Environmental Analysis
Political Environment
Socio-Cultural Environment
Legal Environment
Economic Environment
Technological Environment
Demographic Environment
Company Analysis
Liquidity
Profitability
Debt
Statement of Alternative Options
Recommendations
From the Paper "In addition to these products, ZAP had a 14 patent portfolio, which meant that the company was well protected against the increasing competition in the market. This was, however, both a strength and a weakness. As Starr has recognized himself and as events that followed showed, patents represented a way to protect your interest, but it also meant that you had additional legal costs, implied by legal actions taken against patent infringers. As such, on one hand you had a strength, because you had a diversified portfolio of patents and a protected intellectual property, and, on the other, you had additional legal costs."
Abstract This paper explains that, by implementing the DMAIC part of the Six Sigma process, even small and medium-sized organizations can benefit from the quality improvement it affords and positively affect their bottom line. The author points out that DMAIC is an acronym for the five interrelated steps of the process, which must be used in this cyclical process to ensure the greatest results: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. The paper stresses that even though an SME's organizational chart may not be as deep as industry behemoths, management buy-in is still equally as important to the success of the initiative.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History and Goals of Six Sigma
What is DMAIC?
The First Step for SMEs in the DMAIC Process
An SME Putting DMAIC into Action
Conclusion
From the Paper "Carl Frederick Gauss introduced the concept of the normal curve, which became the roots of Six Sigma as a measurement standard, in the early 19th century. By the 1920s, Walter Shewhart had proved that a process required correction, when three sigma from the mean occurred. Yet, it would be another sixty years until a Motorola engineer named Bill Smith came along that the term "Six Sigma" and developed it into the quality management program it is today."
Abstract This essay respectively discusses the various ways that word-formation processes come into a language namely; coinage, borrowing, compounding, blending, clipping, backformation, conversion, acronyms, derivation, prefixes and suffixes, infixes and multiple processes. Furthermore, this essay also discusses the implications of word formation for a language learning and teaching process.
From the Paper "The study of language has become a subject of interest for many years. English for instance, has without a doubt become the global language. Whenever we turn on the news to find out what is happening from four corner of the world, local people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English. To be more specific, English is adopted as an internal lingua franca and second language for most Europeans (Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Dutch, and France) although English is not treated as an official language in these countries. While in most Asian countries, having English is always associated with having a prestigious job and career. However, people do not realize that English has adopted enormous number of words from various countries in the world since the imperialism and trade kicked off. "
Abstract This paper explains that Keller's ARCS motivation model identifies the four characteristics, which are capitalized and form the acronyms for ARCS and are applied in a sequential manner: Attention (arouse and sustain interest), Relevance (connect lives, needs and interests of the student to the content), Confidence (create a positive expectation for student success) and Satisfaction (intrinsic and extrinsic reward for effort). The author points out that Keller breaks the four major ARCS characteristics into three sub-components: Attention into the sub-components of perceptual arousal, inquiry arousal and variability; Relevance into goal orientation, motive matching and familiarity; Confidence into the sub-components of learning requirements, success opportunities and personal responsibility and Satisfaction into intrinsic reinforcement, extrinsic rewards and equity. The paper applies this teaching method in a detailed lesson plan on using geometry to build a tower, to teaching swimming and states that the method can be used in business.
Table of Contents
Introduction
A Review of the Literature and Applications in the Classroom
Characteristics of the ARCS Model
Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction
Table 1: Instructional Strategies for Stimulating Motivation as Suggested by the ARCS Model
The Application of ARCS to an Actual Lesson Plan
Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction
The Application of ARCS outside the Classroom
Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction
Summary
Appendix A: Using Geometry to Build a Tower
From the Paper "In the lesson, confidence is first instilled in the learners by supplying them with a rubric that outlines the expectations for success in the project. The assignment begins with the relatively simple assignment of taking pictures or looking at pictures on the internet and then describing those structures in their notebooks. Next, the lesson encourages success by having the student build two simple geometric figures, a triangle and a square, and then add to the design of each to strengthen the figures. Once the students have built the simple geometric figures, the lesson challenges the students to build a three dimensional figure and then to build a tower. Each step adds new challenges and opportunities for success. The hands-on nature of the activity also provides the learner with a certain degree of control over the learning environment. This also serves to foster confidence in the learner."
