Abstract
This paper discusses the definition and causes of acid rain, as well as its harmful effects on aquatic systems, forests, man-made structures and human health. It also discusses the global implications of acid rain as a migratory form of air pollution and how this presents problems in the regulatory arena, especially from an international standpoint--for example, when acid rain generated by factories in the southern U.S. states is blown by wind patterns across the Mexican border, or vice versa.

Table of Contents
Introduction
What is Acid Precipitation?
Definition
Common Pollutants and Reactions Involved
Sources of Acid Precipitation Pollutants
The Harmful Effects of Acid Precipitation
Effects on Aquatic Systems
Effects on Forests and Other Terrestrial Ecosystems
Effects on Man-Made Structures and Materials
Effects on Human Health
Global Implications of the Acid Precipitation Problem
Air Pollution Migration
The International Challenge
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Air pollution is a well-recognized environmental problem throughout the world. Studies have shown, time and time again, that the environmental and health-based impacts of air pollution are both detrimental and undeniable. One of the most important forms of air pollution for our society as a whole to recognize and deal with in an expedient manner is acid precipitation. Because of the very nature of this type of air pollution, the direct and indirect effects of acid precipitation are both far-reaching and difficult to get under control. Understanding more about the causes, effects, and implications of acid precipitation and its impacts on our daily lives is the first step that we all need to take in adopting a more proactive approach to solving this problem."

Tags:acid, air, atmospheric, chemical, deposition, fish, ph, pollution, problems, rain, reactions, respiratory

Abstract
This paper explores how acid rain is produced, what its impact is on the environment, what has been done by government agencies to help the problem, how effective these measures have been, what individuals can do to help reduce this problem, what are the current technologies for reducing emissions and how these technologies can be used to reduce acid rain in the future. It demonstrates that current attempts to reduce emissions from power plants will not have a significant effect on acid rain reduction; and will support the idea that there is not a single solution to the problem of acid rain, but rather a combination of technologies and methods will have to be utilized to have a noticeable effect of the reduction of and repair of environmental destruction caused by acid rain.

Table of Contents:

Introduction
How Acid Rain is Formed
Effect of Acid Rain on the Environment
How Large is This Problem?
What Has Already Been Done to Reduce Emissions?
Have These Measures Been Effective?
What is the Future of the Acid Rain Issue?
How Can an Individual Help?
Current Trends in Alternative Power as a Solution to the Problem
Summary
Works Cited


From the paper:

"Our modern world has many conveniences. We enjoy hot water, lights, computers, cars, and many other conveniences, which are now an integral part of our society. Many of us cannot imagine life without them. We seldom think about the costs every time we turn on a light. We do not think about the where the electricity is produced and what the effects on the environment might be. We simply turn on the light. As with all good things, there is a cost. One cost of our modern conveniences is acid rain caused by the burning of fossil fuels. The effects of acid rain came into the forefront during the early seventies as its effects began to be noticed on a global level. The impact of the effects of acid rain is considered to be of great concern to some and of little concern to others. No matter which side you are on, we all must agree that energy consumption will continue to increase globally and we must be weary of the effects of energy production and always stay focused on future generations."

Tags:environment, problem, emmisions, solution, individual, power, technology, chemical, industry, forest, mountain, acidification, energy, nuclear, science, chemical, pollution, research, legislation, damage, global, fuel, consumption, energy

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the effects of acid rain and global warming. The author describes the components of Earth's atmosphere and describes how it has been dramatically changed by acid rain and global warming. These changes and other indirect consequences such as thunderstorms and tsunamis are elaborated upon. The author also discusses possible ways of individuals working together on a global scale to minimize the increased effects of global warming.

From the Paper
"The meteorology of the earth is made up of a comprehensive system. Within the last century, the delicate balance of this system has been gravely and seriously affected by environmental pollution. Air pollution in the form of acid rain and global warming has dramatically changed the earth's natural atmosphere and has been and will continue to negatively hurt the environment as well as the people in it."

Tags:environmental pollution

Abstract
This paper explains the definition of acid rain which is created mainly by man made pollutants invading the air and its disastrous effect on the environment. The writer of this paper details the effects of acid rain on animals, marine life, lakes, streams and forests while stressing the importance of controlling the spread of this environmentally hazardous phenomenon while examining the different methods currently being used to reduce harmful emissions and pollutants. Includes graphs.

From the Paper
"The Ph of rain is dropping because we add tremendous amounts of material to the air. Some of this is in the form of particles and is pulled back to the earth by gravity, but water-soluble gases such as sulfur dioxide mix with the moisture in the atmosphere and return to the Earth as rain or snow. This return to Earth is called "deposition." (Gordon, 2002) The dust particles can leech into the soil, changing the nutrients available in our forests. One source for these extra elements in the air and precipitation is fossil fuels, fuels such as oil and coal. These fuels release significant amounts of both sulfur dioxide and nitrogen, which become part of our rain and snow."

Tags:environment, air, pollution, marine, life, animals, chemicals, science

Abstract
This paper explains that acid rain, a relatively new environmental phenomenon, is caused primarily by human created air pollution and that it presents a serious problem because it destroys the environment, including plant and marine life. The paper talks about the effects of acid rain and how far reaching it is as well as the importance of controlling the problem.

From the Paper
"Acid rain is now commonly perceived as a major environmental threat but the term is still relatively new and many are confused about its causes. While there are some other commonly cited reasons including natural sources, the main cause of acidity in rain is air pollution, which increases the composition of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides and thus lowering the pH level to less than 7. Air pollution is defined as "the introduction by humankind, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the environment resulting in deleterious effects of such a nature as to endanger human health, harm living resources and eco-systems, impair amenities or interfere with other legitimate uses of the environment." [1]"

Tags:hazardous, fumes, factories, industrialization, acidity, rainwater, snow, fog, acidic, deposits

Abstract
This paper provides a definition of "acid rain" and how it is formed. It looks at the dangers of acid rain and the damage it is doing to the environment. It briefly examines options and programs that can be performed to reduce acid rain.

From the Paper
"The term "acid rain" is a little misleading. Rain is naturally acidic, from both carbon dioxide in the air and absorption of chlorine from the ocean (Gordon, 2002). All compounds can be measured for acidity or alkalinity on a Ph scale ranging from 0 - 14, with anything below 7 showing at least slight acidity. Rain is judged "acid" when its Ph falls below 5. (Gordon, 2002) Environmental scientists are concerned because in some parts of our country, the level of acidity in rain and snow has increased beyond its normal levels. This has had a serious impact in several areas, including our forests in the northeast and many of our most valued monuments."

Tags:environment, chemical, damage, sulphar, dioxide, foil, forest, soil, pollution

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of acid rain. Specifically, it defines acid rain and discusses its effect on the environment.

From the Paper
"The term "acid rain" is really a bit of a misnomer, because acid "rain" can be either wet or dry, and is a global term that covers almost any type of acid that falls from the atmosphere onto the Earth (EPA). Acid rain is often called "acid deposition" by scientists, but the common term most of the public understands is acid rain. Acid rain is a mixture of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which result from burning fossil fuels like coal and oil. These chemicals react as they are released into the atmosphere, and join to create a mild solution of acidic compounds that becomes acid rain when it falls to the ground mixed with precipitation, such as rain, fog, and snow, or falls to the ground on its own if there is enough of it in the air. Acid rain is common all over the world, and as our reliance on fossil fuels grows, so does the potential for increasing acid rain."

Tags:acidity, damage, fossil, fuesl, pollutants, forest, fires, volcanic, eruptions, topsoil, plants, animals

Abstract
This well-researched and detailed paper explores the effects of acidic precipitation (acid rain) which has been a major factor in fish kills throughout countries in the northern hemisphere. The writer of this paper cites numerous studies which have linked aluminum toxicity along with acid rain as the main cause of fish extinction. This paper stresses the urgency in developing a successful management tool in determining the viability of fish populations in various natural settings. This paper also contains detailed information and results of various case studies as well as two graphs that support the author's claims in this report.

From the Paper
"The fish used in this experiment were obtained from a trout farm which ensures the relative similarity of the fishes used in the experiment. They were acclimated to artificial soft water for 2 weeks before they were used in the experiment. They were then transferred to flux chambers for the experiment and given 24 to 48 hours to recover from the handling stress before they were exposed for 24 hours to low-pH water (pH 4.4, 4.8, or 5.2) A control group (N=36) for each of these pHs was left in these conditions for 10 days. The experimental group after this 24 hour exposure to low pH levels were exposed to concentrations of Al of 111, 333, or 1000 ug/L at the same pH (N=72)."

Tags:fish, maritime, environment, toxic, toxicity, chemical, pollution, ph, balance

Abstract
In this paper the author describes a science project in which she attempted to see if antacids had an affect on acid, in particular, acid in soil. In the research, the author hypothesizes, before conducting her experiment, that the antacid will decrease the acidity of the soil. After conducting her experiment, the author concludes that the data collected supports her hypothesis.

From the Paper
"The immediate purpose for this experiment was to determine the relationship between antacids and acidity in soil. As discussed in the discussion, I believe that the antacids would have an affect on the acidity mainly because antacids are neutralizers. The data that I collected did support my hypothesis. Although the data may have inadequacies because of the sources of error, it shows that the acidity of the soil did decrease in response to adding the antacids into the soil. The reason why I believe that the data is inaccurate in some parts is because after adding 35 g of antacids, the results turned back towards the acidic end of the pH scale. It wasn't until adding the 50 g of antacid that the results skyrocketed toward the base end of the scale."

Tags:agricultural, crops, protect, harmful, chemicals, acid, reflex, disease, maniupulated, variable

Abstract
This ten-page undergraduate paper examines the issue of acid rain in eastern Canada and the New England states. The author notes that acid rain is created through the reaction of air pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides with water in the air, which forms strong acids such as sulfuric and nitric acid. It spreads across wide geographic areas, making it difficult to conclusively determine who is responsible for damages, thus creating political controversy and complicating efforts to reduce it. While progress has been made in reducing acid rain, much more needs to be done, both politically and in private industry.