A paper looking at the Automated Clearing House system (ACH), used by the Federal Reserve Banking System to move money to and from various clearing houses.
Abstract The paper explains what is meant by ACH System, how it works, its advantages and disadvantages. The paper also discusses how the U.S. Payment System has been affected by the new ACH System. Further, the paper includes a discussion about the past, the present, and the future of the U.S. Payment System.
From the Paper "If the same customer were to authorize an electronic debit to their account, then the transfer of the funds would be carried out electronically, and this is what is known as the Automated Clearing House or the ACH transfer. However, whatever may be the innate advantages, there are a few things to be remembered at the outset, and these are: the money would not be transferred immediately; rather the transaction would proceed as if the customer did indeed have a valid physical account with the necessary funds available in his account, and it may take up to two or three days, and four at the most, to obtain information that the transaction has been accomplished. Secondly, there is no guarantee that the money is paid; and this can be quite risky when dealing with strangers or in cases where payment is expected immediately."
Tags: product, service, electronic, payment, debit, credit, elecontronically, network, communication
Abstract This paper examines how Edgar Allan Poe's "The Raven", "Annabel Lee", and "The Fall of the House of Usher? all depict the tragic loss of young and beautiful women. Poe describes Lenore, Annabel Lee and Madeline as young and achingly beautiful and all three women die premature and tragic deaths. In "The Raven" and "Annabel Lee", Poe mourns their tragic loss, while in "The Fall of the House of Usher?, Poe is clearly simply horrified at the gruesome and tragic death and he is not so deeply wrought with grief over the loss of someone he loves. It considers how Poe's depictions of women in his literary work reflect his personal experiences with the premature deaths of his young and attractive wife and mother. Poe's depictions remain relevant to readers of all ages and nationalities, as they speak to the universal misery of tragic loss and mourning.
From the Paper "Poe's poem "Annabel Lee" recounts the perfect love of the narrator and his child bride Annabel Lee. As in the Raven, Poe delves into the tragic loss of a beautiful woman within the lines of "Annabel Lee". Annabel Lee's similarity in age to Poe's young real-life bride is striking, and the poem can be seen as a reflection of Poe's grief over the loss of his young wife. As in "The Raven", Poe focuses on the beauty of the young woman who dies tragically. The stars and the moon even remind the narrator of the young woman's beauty after her tragic death. "Annabel Lee" focuses primarily on the depth of the feelings of between the two young lovers, while "The Raven" focuses more clearly on the grief at the loss of the young woman. In "Annabel Lee", the narrator tells a tale of a kingdom by the sea, where both he and Annabel Lee lived, and that they "loved with a love that was more than love"."
Tags: death, youth, beauty, wife, mother, saint, angel, love
Abstract This paper will discuss the philosophy of Hobbes and Locke, and seek to compare their ideas on modern political philosophy. By understanding human nature, origin of the state, the nature of government, and the right of revolution, we can see how they influence ach other through history.
Abstract This paper will discuss the philosophy of Hobbes and Locke, and seek to compare their ideas on modern political philosophy. By understanding human nature, origin of the state, the nature of government, and the right of revolution, we can see how they influence ach other through history.
Abstract This essay examines the symbolic nature of character in Ralph Ellison's classic, "Invisible Man". It observes that the characters themselves are almost more symbolic than real, and as such paint an achingly painful picture of the plight of the African American male trying to find a place in a society that ignores him. It concludes that each character represents an element of the African American psyche.
Abstract This paper looks at how, in recent years, every summer, the threat of West Nile (WN) virus has become the scourge of the temperate regions of Europe and North America. It examines how the virus presents a threat to the human and animal populations and how symptoms of WN viral infection range from mild fevers and aches to encephalitis, which can be fatal.
Outline
Introduction and History
Entomology
Virology
Vertebrate Ecology
Symptoms of WN virus
Diagnosis and Reporting
Treatment and Prevention
The Role of the CDC in West Nile Virus
Conclusion
From the Paper "Most people who are infected with the West Nile virus will not have any type of illness. Only 20% of those infected show signs of infection. The incubation period for the virus after initial entry into the blood stream is between three and fourteen days. These symptoms range from mild to severe Symptoms generally last from three to six days. In cases of severe symptoms where encephalitis and other neurological disorders occur the resulting symptoms"primary and secondary"may last from several weeks to months. In the case of neurological disorders, the effects of the infection might also be permanent. It is estimated that 1 in 150 persons infected with the West Nile virus will develop a more severe form of disease. The mild symptoms include fever, headache, and body aches, occasionally with a skin rash on the trunk of the body and swollen lymph glands."
Abstract This paper defines and classifies influenza, explains how it is spread, and explains why the U.S. is not prepared for the onset of an influenza virus. The paper also discusses the morbidity and mortality rates of influenza and how it is diagnosed. Finally, the paper examines the central role of the World Health Organization and the Center for Disease Control in preventing, controlling, and treating the disease.
What Is Influenza and How Does It Spread?
Classification of the Influenza Virus
Definition of Pandemic and Causes and Reasons for Its Spread
How Well Is USA Prepared for the Onset of the Influenza Virus?
The Morbidity and Mortality Rates of the Influenza Virus
Details about WHO and CDC and Their Methods of Tackling the Disease
From the Paper "When the influenza virus becomes deposited in the respiratory tract of a person, the various signs and symptoms appear almost immediately. The onset of the symptoms is almost like being hit by a truck; this is how a patient may experience the virus. Some patients can even accurately pinpoint the time of the onset of the fever or chills or the cold. Some patients may face photophobia other ocular problems and though these are not very common symptoms, they may occur in some rare cases. In some children, there may be stomachache and vomiting and also a feeling of general malaise. In infants these may become difficult to diagnose and the treating physicians are warned against treating them as symptoms of an ordinary common cold, whose symptoms are very similar to those of influenza."
Abstract This paper explores the organic causes of amnesia, including Alzheimer's disease, with reference to shortage of ACH and Ronald Reagon who developed the diease in 1994. It also examines alcohol abuse, Korsakoff psychosis and the defiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), hippocampal damage due to encephalitis and lesions within the brain.
From the Paper "Prolonged low levels or complete lack of thiamine, which the body uses to convert carbohydrates into energy, eventually affects the brain and nervous system. Low levels of thiamine within chronic alcoholics, is due to what could be explained as malnutrition. Most heavy drinkers have poor eating habits, usually supplementing food with alcohol, hence nutrition is overly inadequate and essential vitamins the body requires are not received. Alcohol furthermore can inflame the lining in the stomach and delay the body's natural ability to absorb key vitamins it does receive. Over time this prolonged deficiency in thiamine, significantly damages important areas of the brain critical for memory, such as the thalamus and the basal forebrain."
Abstract This paper examines how in and after the menopausal years, women have certain special needs, problems and advantages. Their special needs are for more calcium, more exercise and more attention to healthful, balanced living. It discusses how although menopause has special problems such hot flashes, brittle bones and vaginal soreness with intercourse there are also the advantages that the period of life after the menopause is smoother with no more premenstrual tension, hormonal mood swings, pelvic aching, or menstrual problems.
From the Paper "Reaching menopause naturally the hormonal production in the ovaries slows, women may experience gaps in their menstrual cycle of up to several months. It is impossible to pinpoint the moment when menopause occurs. A period may stop for a while, and then start up again. Smith states, "You are officially menopausal after a full year has passed since your last period" (14). A few statistics about menopause are: "At least 10 percent of women reach menopause abruptly and without obvious symptoms. Many more have a reasonably easy time. Several surveys report that as many as 15 to 25 percent of women reach menopause without any menopause related complaints" (17). For the rest of the women, there are symptoms that are short term and long term, but everyone's experience is likely to be unique."
Abstract The paper discusses " The Farming of Bones" and examines how Edwidge Danticat produces a powerful and lyrical work that explores the suffering and mass murder of Haitians unfortunate enough to live and work in the Dominican Republic during the heyday of Dictator Rafael Trujillo in the late 1930s. Among the many powerful evocations in the work is Danticat's haunting use of the concept of remembrance. In her case she uses the idea of memory and loss to evoke an aching reminder of all those whose lives were taken, but who have now been lost to the mists of time.
Abstract This paper explains that the Woodcock-Johnson batteries (WJIII), which was first published in 1977, is a comprehensive test battery used for assessing cognitive and academic achievement skills in individuals, aged 2 years through 90 years. The author points out that WJIII norms are based on data from the same sample of subjects, which allows direct comparisons among and within a subject's scores, giving a degree of accuracy not possible when comparing scores from separately normed tests. The paper stresses that professionals who use the WJIII ACH are responsible for maintaining test security by carefully storing materials and protecting test contents. The author would use this testing system to understand a student's strengths and weaknesses because it has more validity than other tests, is easy to give, is current and shows strong reliabilities.
Table of Contents:
History
Overview of the Test
WJIII Cognitive Tests
WJIII Achievement Tests Validity
Norms
Reliability
Scoring
Testing Administration Requirements
Preparation for Testing
Accommodations or Adaptations
Discrepancies
Conclusion
From the Paper "Any person administering the WJIII achievement tests (ACH) needs thorough knowledge and proficiency of the administration and scoring procedures, which need to be followed carefully. Graduate-level training in educational assessment and a background in diagnostic decision-making are recommended, and at minimum a practicum-type course covering administration and interpretation of tests of academic achievement. Many qualified examiners possess state, provincial, or professional certification, registration, or licensure in a field or profession that includes, as part of its formal training and code of ethics, the responsibility for rendering educational assessment and interpretation services."
Abstract The paper looks at a personal and informal account of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and of fibromyalgia (FM). The paper discusses how CFS and FM are similar conditions since both involve pain and fatigue and also result in misunderstanding from outsiders. The paper shows how the individual's account of her and her husband's illness agrees with the literature.
Outline:
Introduction
Discussion of CFS
Critical Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "Based on Zona's account, CFS means total exhaustion and complete lack of energy. She can accomplish just a little at a time and must be careful of her limits. She experiences many aches and pains as well as spasms which cause insomnia. She has numerous allergies especially to medications. Food also is a problem for allergies. She feels as though her brain is fogged and she is difficulties concentrating. She also has problems with vision and refocusing. Dry throat and acid burn are other problems. She does not experience the same set of symptoms each day. Sometimes her symptoms are similar to a panic attack."
Abstract The paper discusses the code of ethics that professional organizations use to provide their membership with a framework to guide them in the performance of their duties in situations that might be otherwise ethically incorrect. The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) provides just such a code of ethics for its healthcare professionals. The paper defines the code of ethics and discusses how it is applied and adhered to and its importance as a function of standard business relationships. The paper highlights that the extent to which an organization's membership adheres to such ethical codes can therefore be the extent to which such membership performs in an ethical fashion.
From the Paper "Indeed, broaching the subject of the ethical aspects of a given healthcare situation may involve overcoming some powerful organizational cultural forces concerning the need to remain profitable in order to provide healthcare services for other consumers. Not surprisingly, virtually every such instance of healthcare delivery is replete with ethical considerations. In this regard, Greisler and Jackson (2000) note that, "A [healthcare providers'] use of power as s/he interacts with patients is a matter fraught with ethical dimensions. Concern has rightly been expressed that we may be entering a period of great moral danger as strong price competition, weak quality competition and fragmented government controls have created an environment that is easy to exploit" (p. 260). This inextricable relationship between healthcare professionals and the patients they serve demands that a thoughtful and balanced approach be used in assessing the ethical dimensions involved in each and every case, and the use of ethical self-assessment tools such as those provided by the American College of Healthcare Executives can help healthcare providers become more aware of these dimensions as they go about their day-to-day routine."
Tags: ethics, self-assessment, ethical, legal, compliance, communication, tool, periodic, training
