Abstract
This paper examines a case against the Alumina company in which a local resident is claiming that the company is contaminating Lake Dira and that her daughter has developed leukemia because of the contamination. The paper explains that the stakeholders in this case include Kelly Bates and her ailing daughter, the public, the EPA, the Alumuna workers, management and stockholders. The author recommends that, because there is no concluding evidence that the child was affected by the contamination five years earlier but there also is no information that completely erases the possibility, the appropriate solution for the situation is for the company to enter mediation with the plaintiff and to publish the findings of their independent study, which indicated that their current contamination levels are far below EPA regulations. The paper relates that these recommendations will present the company not only as an environmentally concerned organization but also as one that intends to respect all consumers ethically. This paper includes an extensive risk analysis matrix.

Table of Contents:
Key Facts, Regulations and Legal Issues
Values and Stakeholders
Legal Issues and Regulations
Recommended Solution, Ethical Resolutions and Company Values
Week Three Risk Analysis Matrix

From the Paper
"It is apparent that the appropriate solution for the situation is for the company to seek to enter mediation with the plaintiff in the case. There is no evidence concluding that the child was affected by the contamination five years earlier, but there also is no information that completely erases the possibility. Since the child is a victim of leukemia, the chances that the jury will also see the child as a victim of Alumina's violation of EPA standards are high. This is because of the traditional views of juries in which they find favor for victims when they have been affected by the negative actions of corporate America."

Tags:regulations, mediation, stakeholders, risk, media

Abstract
This paper explores the root of the criminally accused from the Declaration of Independence through the Federal Rules of Evidence. The paper also reviews case law concerning the specific questions of application of the constitutionally protected rights, including the exclusionary rule and other remedies for governmental violation of the rights of the accused. Finally, it reviews the Federal Rules of Evidence in the context of the relevance and reliability of the evidence presented in court, including hearsay and its exceptions.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
The Sword of the Law

From the Paper
"The rights of the accused are natural rights that are created at the birth, as proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence. There are several of these privileges that cannot be surrendered in the interest of creating a government, and these are outlined specifically in the Bill of Rights, and became enforceable against the individual States by virtue of the 14th Amendment. The specific applications of these protected rights are interpreted by the Courts, and at all times the rights of the citizen against improper conviction are kept paramount, sometimes at the expense of the victims. The Congress enacted rules of evidence to control what is presented in court to ensure that it is relevant and reliable. The 3rd President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson phrased it best, "the sword of the law should never fall but on those whose guilt is so apparent as to be pronounce by their friends as well as foes" (Kelly-Gangi, 2004, p.61)."

Tags:hearsay, constitution, courts, victims

Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that the reputation of a political figure, of an eminent student, or of an athlete is one of the most important aspects of his career. However, the writer notes that once a scandal breaks out in which one's reputation is torn apart, no matter the actions undertaken following such an event or whether one is guilty of the charges being brought upon him or not, that reputation can rarely be saved and rebuilt. The writer discusses that the case of baseball star Barry Bonds is a worthy example of the fact that scandals, regardless of their factual support, can decisively ruin one's reputation and image, not only towards the fans, but also in regard to the sponsors and investors. The writer concludes that in the eyes of the world, Bonds is guilty for the simple fact of having cast a doubt on his performances and may end up being labeled as just another player on steroids.

From the Paper
"The rivalry existing between the two of them manifested at all levels, but especially concerning the physical abilities. In an attempt to take away the chance of winning new standards on world records, Bonds appealed to Anderson, a weightlifting trainer, who provided the athlete steroids as well. The visible changes that were noticed on Bonds' body made the world suspicious over the possibility of the athlete using steroids. However, neither his innocence nor his guilt can so far be proved.
"There are those who argue in support of the athlete's innocence, and others who argue against. Bonds' claims of innocence are based on the idea that although his test results did come up suggesting he has taken steroids, knowingly, he did not consume any enhancing performance drugs."

Tags:innocence, performance, steroids, charges

Abstract
The writer specifically discusses two legal tactics portrayed in the movie. The first involves the use of plea bargaining and the second whether or not someone witnessing a violent crime, such as rape, has the personal responsibility and legal liability to try to stop the rape. It also examines whether the legal tactics portrayed would work in a real court case.

From the Paper
In the real case, two of the onlookers were charged as accessories to rape and were acquitted. The film presents a different verdict. Incidentally, after the real life acquittal, both Massachusetts and Rhode Island passed "duty to rescue" laws. The film version centers around the character of Sarah Tobias (Jody Foster) who convinces Assistant District Attorney Kathryn Murphy (Kelly McGillis) to battle the legal system. Ironically, the reason Sarah wants to bring the bystanders to justice is because Murphy agreed to a plea bargain which reduced the rape charges to reckless endangerment which makes parole easier and thereby prevented Sarah from her day in court. An outraged Sarah, deprived of justice and what she considers fairness, convinces Murphy to bring charges against three of the young men who cheered on the brutal rape."

Tags:court, case, plea, bargain, witness

Abstract
The paper relates that Amnesty International's members work to protect the rights of people while remaining neutral on the views of the victims it sets out to protect. The paper discusses how the members of Amnesty International remain independent even within the organization and Amnesty International do not accept funding from governments or political parties. The paper then discusses how despite Amnesty International's demonstration of its independence, much of the world's media persists in accusing Amnesty International of bias in their work. The paper examines an article that Amnesty International is politically biased but highlights the weaknesses of the article. The paper then discusses how the NGO Monitor denounced Amnesty International for selectivity in its coverage and political bias specifically in the instance of the Israel-Palestinian conflict.

From the Paper
""Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person," states the third article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The General Assembly of the United Nations adopted this declaration in 1948. The members of the Non-Governmental organization, Amnesty International, campaign worldwide for the rights named in the declaration and work to protect them. The members of this organization carry out their work by researching issues of human rights violations and publicizing their findings through news media, detailed reports, and advertisements. Amnesty International began in 1961 London as a volunteer movement and is still made up of volunteer activists regardless of their background or religious and political views. These members work to protect the rights of people while remaining neutral on the views of the victims it sets out to protect."

Tags:independence, human, rights, objectivity, anti-Israel

Abstract
This paper examines why courts may dismiss cases on a "technicality" and why the American legal system has afforded technicality dismissals to accused defendants. The author looks at reasons for dismissals, such as failure to provide counsel, unreasonable searches and seizures, and failure to Mirandize the accused.

From the Paper
"It is certainly true that cases are often dismissed during a preliminary hearing or at some other early point of a trial. This may be because evidence has come to light between the time of the arrest and the time of a preliminary hearing. But charges may well also be dismissed because of "technicalities". The next question must thus be what the nature of these technicalities is. They vary widely from case to case, of course, given that every case is different, but they can be generally categorized."

Tags:defendant, court, judge, miranda, counsel, constitution, search, police, seizure, charges, technicality, dismissal, warrant, criminal, procedure

Abstract
This paper examines the incident involving medical scientist Hwang Woo-suk, who was falsely accused of falsifying information in his stem cell research papers. The paper shows how this accusation led to Woo-suk's reputation being destroyed, resigning his position, becoming so stressed that he had to be hospitalized. The paper then details how it was later discovered that Woo-suk had been the victim of teammates who had falsified their data and journalists who had embellished the story. The paper analyzes the incident and provides recommendations for the situation proposing how the ethics could be upgraded.

From the Paper
"In one of the more publicized incidents concerning ethics in recent news, South Korean stem cell scientist Hwang Woo-suk, a professor at Seoul National University, acknowledged and apologized for publishing fake human stem cell research..."

Tags:Hwang Woo-suk, MBC, journalism, medical research, stem cell research, ethics, lying, deontology, utilitarian ethics

From the Paper
"In the book The Haunted Wood, co-authors Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev give a panoramic view of one particular epoch in American History, the Cold War. Essentially, this book claims to reveal much that is stunning and revealing about the overt and covert conflicts that divided the United States and the Soviet Union in a game of global domination, that, on the surface pitted two great economic theories Communism and Capitalism. Whether the book actually achieves its purpose is not within the scope of this paper.

What is within the scope is to focus on one event from the era of the Cold War and see just how that impacted the United States. That event is the espionage accusation, trial, sentencing ..."

Tags:communism, capitalism, COLD, WAR

Abstract
This paper argues that the current energy crisis in California has been manufactured by politicians through the intentional manipulation of the availability of energy sources for consumers. The author includes explanations for this accusation.

From the Paper
"The Californian energy crisis is quickly demonstrating to politicians, environmentalists, and economists that there are certain flaws in the structure of how energy is produced and delivered to the people of the United States. Thus far, this problem has manifested mainly on the West coast due to several key factors in overall energy use statistics. These factors shall be examined later in this paper. However, the current issues of the energy crisis are often distributed between blaming economists for bad energy management strategies and blaming politicians for providing sanctions that open up the minimal power reserves for additional use. This paper shall examine this problem from the perspective of the economist, where it will be clearly shown how the meddling of politicians has resulted in the current energy crisis in California."

Tags:companies, company, economy, electric, management, wilson

Abstract
This paper examines the claim by critics of the book "Heart of Darkness" that its author, Joseph Conrad, is a racist. The views of Achebe, Sarvan and Singh are outlined in this discussion of the book's story and characters, as it addresses the issue of racism.

From the Paper
"In his book Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad uses all the trappings of a traditional adventure tale mystery, suspense, an exotic setting, and unexpected attack. Chinua Achebe concluded, "Conrad, on the other hand, is undoubtedly one of the great stylists of modern fiction and a good story-teller into the bargain" (Achebe 252). Despite Conrad's great story telling abilities, he has been viewed as a racist by some of his critics. Achebe, Sarvan, and Singh are just a few that view him as a racist, though the criticisms vary.
Frances B. Singh insinuates that although Heart of Darkness is clearly critical of colonization, it puts forward that the Africans were the innocuous victims of European greed and will-to-power, the imagery of darkness it uses as metaphysical dissertation links "evil" with the groups drawn on in anthropological images of "primitive" peoples. The narrative carries the insinuation that Kurtz's "evil" is indicated by his "going native", and that "evil, in short, is African". While the narrative makes it clear that the till-to-power implicit in the very idea of a "civilizing mission" is what leads Kurtz to set himself up as a god, the fact that he sets himself up as a tribal god reinstates the idea of racial superiority at a deeper level than the critique of colonialism."

Tags:racism, Achebe, Sarvan, Singh, African, European, colonialism