Abstract The paper reveals that over 7,000 deaths occur a year due to medication errors! The paper discusses unclear medical abbreviations as well as other prescription errors, such as no directions or no strength advised. The paper also discusses the accuracy of e-prescribing but points out that it still represents only a very small amount of prescriptions written each year. The paper then relates that problems arise with abbreviations and acronyms of medical conditions such as the abbreviation CP that can stand for many diseases. The paper asserts that it is disconcerting that the American Medical Association (AMA) is moving so slowly on this issue, considering the amount of deaths that occur.
From the Paper "The whole point of going to a healthcare provider is to get better, not become more ill or even die because someone misread a medication prescription. Unfortunately, that is too often the case. According to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, over 7,000 deaths occur a year due to medication errors. These errors can happen anywhere in the medication-use system, from prescribing to administering a drug in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, nursing homes and homecare services. As a result, in 2006 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration launched a nationwide health professional education campaign in order to reduce the number of common but preventable sources of medication mistakes caused by using unclear medical abbreviations."
This paper is a research project that studies recent additions to the English language, the word formation processes, and the general subject areas to which these new words belong.
Abstract This paper reports that, to get a representative sample of new words, all 101 entries in the T, U, and V sections of the Oxford Dictionary of New Words, published in 1997, were used as a sample. The author states that the sample reveals a very low degree of borrowing from other languages; instead, internal word formation processes, such as compounding, semantic change, derivation, and abbreviation are used to form the new words. The paper concludes that, as long as English is a dominant global language, it is unlikely that this trend towards internal coinage in favor of borrowing will change.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Instead, compounding was used to form the majority (40%) of the new words in the sample. These were often adjective-noun or noun-noun compounds such as "tight building syndrome" and "theme park". This process produces words that are usually self-evident in a simple, logical manner, and it is hardly surprising that it is as frequently used in the formation of new words today as it has been throughout the history of the language.Derivation processes were used to form about 12% of the sample. As well as existing affixes being attached to existing words ("tankie"), a number of new prefixes and suffixes such as ?-ware? and ?techno-? were attached to pre-existing words to create new lexical items ("technobabble")."
Abstract This paper explores the manner in which counseling can aid in the development of communications skills of married couples. First, it evaluates the use of couple counseling and the many methods that can be used. Then, it explores preventative counseling and the ways in which it increases a couples? ability to communicate. Lastly, the paper explore sthe impact of divorce on children including issues of abandonment and their perceptions of divorce.
Table of Contents:
List of Tables
List of Figures
Introduction
The Need and Purpose of the Project
Statement of the Problem
The Sub-problems
The Hypotheses
Definitions and Abbreviations of Terms
Review of Related Literature
Introduction
Research Methodology
Presentation and Analysis of the Data
Couples Therapy
Prevention Therapy
Impact of Divorce on Children
Conclusions, Summary and Recommendations
From the Paper "This research paper has also made clear the impact of divorce on children. It seems evident that in many cases divorce dramatically changes the way a child perceives the world and themselves. It is vital that married couples understand the impact that a divorce will have on a child and that they do everything their power to ensure that the marriage can not be salvaged. Sometimes there are times when marriage gets rough and couples must decide to stick it out when the going gets rough. This can also be a valuable lesson for children because it teaches them not to quit just because something is difficult to endure."
Abstract "Temps" as used in this paper is as an abbreviation for "temporary" workers, a phenomenon of the world business scene, which is growing at a consistent rate. This paper looks at the change in the use of office temps where originally the concept of hiring a temporary was to provide a "fill in" for a permanent employee who was absent for reasons such as illness, emergency leaves and vacations. To support the argument, the writer provides statistics and opinions that show the increasing use of temps as a more permanent part of the business world.
From the Paper "Although the per hour charge from the temp agency might be greater than the regular per hour wage paid a regular full-time employee, the ancillary savings in company benefits usually makes up for that difference. Mangum, Mayall, and Nelson's 1985 study (still quoted today) was one of the first to note that "the savings from reduced employee benefit costs is often substantial. A positive relationship between average fringe benefit level and the ratio of temporary to total employee use was found in a large number of organizations."
Tags: employment, salary, costs, hiring, position, work
Abstract This paper briefly examines the concept of RPI which is considered to be a ballot measure that would curtail the classification of people according to race, ethnicity, color or national origin by state and local government in California. The paper looks at the advantages and disadvantages of this measure and its ramifications.
From the Paper "Just like other constant processes accompanying change, global politics has been in a constant changing state since times immemorial. Not only that, politics that we observe worldwide based on different rules and regulations as well as outlining distinct policies unique to every age, Stone Age, Middle Age as well as Modern Age is highly rich in history. On the same account African American politics has also witnessed various changes. African American politics, however, is largely based on issues pertaining to the racial differences and color prejudices that the blacks in America have had to face since for good. This mercurial political sphere while undergoing change gives birth to various phenomenon and activities. The recent one being the issue related to the Racial Privacy Initiative."
Abstract This paper discusses cardiopulmonary resuscitation,often abbreviated to CPR, a potentially life-saving procedure to temporarily restore blood flow and breathing to a person whose heart and lungs have stopped. It also looks at how the phrase is sometimes used to refer to interventions used to attempt to save patients already hospitalized, as well as to skills any person can acquire and use on a loved one or total stranger in an emergency. It looks at the discovery and development of the process, whether it actually works, and also discusses its limitations.
From the Paper "CPR by itself is unlikely to save a person's life. The best outcomes occur when CPR is followed by defibrillation as soon as possible followed by intensive medical support at a medical center. Unless CPR is begun within 4 - 6 minutes of when breathing has stopped, the person is likely to suffer significant brain damage, so early intervention is crucial. If there is only one person who is not strong enough to do both breathing and chest compressions, then chest compressions should be done. If the person's hear resumes beating, often the person will begin breathing again as well. Together, the American Heart Association and the American Red Cross train more than five million people each year in CPR (De Milto, 1999)."
Abstract This paper examines that which is termed "campus policing". It explores the subject "campus policing" both in historical terms as well as the possible implications in today's world. It also examines and explores the perception that the student and teacher both hold of the campus police officer as well as exploration of the standards or requirements of the police officer employed in the university setting. This work also explores expectations and as to what standard the campus officer is held, by the campus community at-large, as well as the public viewpoint of the campus officer as compared to the expectations of local or country officers in standards of skill, education, training and in the overall role of the officer.
Table of Contents
Preface
Table of Contents
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations Statement of Problem/Thesis
I. Background and History of Campus Policing
II. The Role of Campus Police Officer
III. The Campus Officer's Proper Role
IV. Campus Policing: Related Legislation and Law
V. Perception of Respondents
VI. Department of Public Safety Community Survey
VII. Research Methodology
VIII. Crime: Focus and Concern
IX. Limitations of the Study
X. Community Based Policing Program
Executive Summary
Synopsis
Campus Police Community Survey
Bibliography
From the Paper "President Bush signed the "Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act", also referred to as "The Clery Act" in 1990. Universities and colleges, that are recipients of federal funding, are required by law to prepare as well as publish and distribute the crime statistics for the institution to students, teachers and faculty. Since that time many reports and studies have been conducted focusing on different aspects of the statistics, the methodology of collection of information, categories of the statistics and other invaluable information.
This paper intends to investigate and research campus policing with a focus on the perception held by constituents, that is; the faculty, teachers and students of the institution, as to the campus police officer in relation to the duties and ratings of the performance of those duties. This study intends to examine specific questions that have been posed in a typewritten survey and distributed to students at Houston Community College as to the System of the police department on the campus and surrounding adjacent areas and the campus neighborhood community."
Abstract This paper explains that, when creating a written work, a writer often turns to other sources for information and confirmation of their ideas, which need to be given credit for their content. The formatting of these citations and references and the general formatting of the paper itself are specified by several organizations. The author points out that APA, MLA and Harvard, the three of the most common formatting styles used today, have many similarities including the inclusion of the author's surname or an abbreviated title when an author is not available for in text citations; however, the inclusion of the year of publication and/or the page number differs according to the style. The paper relates that, the reference list of the works cited also differs in style, yet typically contains similar information, giving the reader the ability to investigate the cited work.
Table of Contents
Introduction
APA Format
MLA Format
Harvard Format
Conclusion
From the Paper "The first step is to identify the author of the electronic source. This is sometimes not identified. In those instance, the page title is substituted for the author's surname in the in text citation, surrounded by parentheses. Date of publication must also be determined, as well as the URL of the electronic source. The full URL should be provided to direct the reader exactly to the source, and not just the main page of the material. With direct quotes, where page numbers are normally applied in the Harvard style, these are omitted, as they typically don't exist in electronic source materials."
Abstract The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) is one of the most important, yet also one of the most difficult geo-strategical elements of the European Union. Nevertheless, the ESDP has made some remarkable development jumps since the late Nineties. The paper shows that one of the reasons for this has been the Kosovo crisis, where the EU had to act as one to be able to intervene successfully. Another aspect has been the initiatives of France and Great Britain at the Saint Malo Summit. The paper shows that since then, the ESPD has made it through the Nice Contract and has been institutionalised into the EU Charter. The paper includes tables.
Table of Contents:
List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction 6
2 The Theoretical and Historical Context
3 Towards a European Security Strategy
3.1 New Threats, New Challenges
3.1.1 The New Security Dilemma
3.1.2 European Geo-strategic Objectives
3.2 The ESS
4 Genesis and Evolution of the ESDP
4.1 A Tour through Europe: From Maastricht to Seville
4.2 Evolving Objectives of the ESDP
4.3 Missions to date
4.4 What Kind of Power is the EU?
5 Aspects of Power Distribution and International Relations
5.1 A Special Relationship: Partners Across the Atlantic
5.2 The ESDP and International Organisations
5.2.1 NATO
5.2.2 UN
5.2.3 OSCE
6 Enlargement and the Consequences
6.1 The Enlargement Process
6.2 A View from the East: the approach of eight New Members
towards ESDP
6.2.1 Estonia
6.2.2 Latvia
6.2.3 Lithuania
6.2.4 Poland
6.2.5 Czech Republic
6.2.6 Slovakia
6.2.7 Hungary
6.2.8 Slovenia
6.3 Implications for ESDP
7 Enlargement, ESDP and the Balance of Power:
7.1 ESDP: An Assessment
7.2 Intra-EU Aspects
7.2.1 Germany
7.2.2 United Kingdom
7.2.3 France
7.2.4 Italy
7.3 Extra-EU Aspects
8 Conclusion and Outlook for the Future
9 Bibliography
From the Paper "The development of the ESDP has been seen by some as critical to the EU's international influence. If Europe integrated its security and defense efforts, it could not only defend itself but also export security to others. Others have viewed the ESDP as a threat to the EU's strengths as a civilian power. For the ESDP to develop in a manner that does not usurp Europe's civil power, there needs to be solid, sustained political and military dialogue at all levels-institutional, national, and personal-between ESDP/CFSP and NATO, and between individual national governments and parliaments, not least the U.S. Congress. A successful European Security and Defense Policy will change the European Union's position in the international realm relative to security, including restoration and/or maintenance of the economies of the region."
Abstract This paper explains that the Indian Central Government Health Scheme was launched in 1954 with a dual purpose of providing a comprehensive medical care facility to the Central Government employees and pensioners including their families and to do away with the cumbersome system of medical reimbursement; however, the purposes for which the scheme was launched appear to have been lost given the introduction of private medical care. The author investigated 364 cases, as a random sample from the Postal & RMS (Railway Mail Service), located in the NCR of Delhi and the city of Bangalore, by analyzing the financial implications of treatment at various types of hospitals: Government (GOV), Private Recognized (RP) and Private Unrecognized (UP) hospitals under the CGHS scheme. The paper reports that the percentage satisfaction level for IP treatment in private hospitals is greater than the government hospitals and investigates extensively possible private insurance schemes involving the government. Many tables and charts.
Table of Contents
Research Objectives
A Brief Overview of Functioning of CGHS
Recognition of Private Hospitals by CGHS
Facilities Provided to Serving Employees and their families
Facilities Provided to Central Government Pensioners
Other Facilities in Non-emergency Cases
Emergency Care
Rates of Subscription and Recoveries
Findings
Quantitative Data
Treatment in Different Categories of Hospitals
The Claim Spread
Out-of-Pocket Expenses based on Hospital Types.
Out-of-Pocket Expenses based on Disease Types
In-Patient and Outpatient Treatment: Delhi V/S Bangalore
Comparative Cost of Treatment
Budgetary Allocation, Expenditure and Cost of Treatment-Scheme-Level
Outpatient Cost of Card (Pensioners Included)
Inpatient Cost of Pensioner Card
Average Total Cost of Card for Pensioners
Average Total Cost of Card: Serving Employees
Welfare of Employees and Subsidy-Scheme Level
Implications for the Central Government Health Scheme
Employee Benefit-Case of DOP
Qualitative
ICICI Lombard
Mediclaim or Hospitalization Benefit Insurance Policy
Abbreviations
From the Paper "Budgetary allocation to CGHS scheme is made every year under various heads based on projected requirements of the CGHS dispensaries. There is no analysis of performance of the dispensary or review of utilization of funds while making fresh allotment of funds. Their utilization neither is monitored nor is any expenditure-benefit analysis carried out. Although the scheme was introduced with welfare angle, it is no denying the fact that the money allocated to the dispensaries should be properly utilized and the benefits should overweigh the expenditure. In the present practice, there is no monitoring mechanism to ensure efficient utilization of funds by the dispensaries, one of the reasons for the same being non-maintenance of financial/cost records properly."
Abstract SMEs is the abbreviation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. The exact definition of an SME differs from region to region. This paper provides a general overview and definition of SMEs and examines various aspects on the issue.
Paper Outline:
Definition
Three Enterprises
Importance of SMEs
Problems in SMEs
References
From the Paper "SMEs are major employment generators, surpassing larger firms in net job creation. In the European Union alone, smaller firms provide employment for more than 70 million people, representing two-thirds of all EU employment. There are also an estimated 75 million SME worldwide which represent about 99 percent of all companies."
Tags: management, employment, european, union, industry
Abstract This study attempts to prove the hypothesis that the maintaining factor in many patients' idiopathic musculoskeletal pain (MSP) syndromes can be linked to an imbalance in the pelvic structures. The paper further attempts to determine whether poor physical therapeutic outcome measures could be directly related to this pelvic imbalance and what sort of treatment must be undertaken in order to improve therapeutic outcomes. The paper concludes that improved treatment outcomes for patients with MSP syndromes can best be achieved by providing global treatment through an integrated model that incorporates myofascial and joint manipulation and the establishment of optimal pelvic functional balance.
Table of Contents
Abbreviations Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Troyanovich states normal erect human posture under the control of static equilibrium, dictates a true vertical spine in the anterioposterior and lateral views. In the lateral view, normal posture is defined as balance about a coronal line of gravity line that passes through the external auditory meatus, a point just anterior to the acromioclavicular joint, while slightly posterior to the centre of the knee and through the lateral melleoli and talus of the ankle joints."
Abstract The paper describes that anime is, in essence, the Japanese form of animation. The writer explains that in general, anime is characterized by extremely stylized and colorful graphics and the use of vivacious and vibrant colors. The graphics used depict energetic and effervescent characters that are set in a large number of scenes and settings. Numerous story lines are used that are aimed at a variety of different types of audiences. The paper discusses that in English, the word 'anime' actually transliterates a Japanese term, and its history of origin can be traced back to the abbreviation of the transliteration of the English word 'animation', into Japanese.
From the Paper "Why has anime been so very successful? How has it become globalized today? A major part of the reason for the popularity of anime is that it has managed to spread all throughout the world, and everyone knows what it is. As in the general case where something that spreads all over the world quite naturally becomes a global phenomenon, global recognition and fame means that anime has now become a global occurrence and it is well loved by people other than from whose nation it originally was created. One must study the extent of the globalization of anime based on the amount of permeation or penetration into other societies that it has managed to achieve in recent times. This also means that one must look carefully at and analyze the numerous factors involved in why exactly anime became a global phenomenon, and this would in turn mean that one would be able to comprehend how it became so very popular among a large variety of people, all over the world."
Abstract This study attempts to discern the statistical connection between the total compensation of American chief executive officers and company profits as defined by company net income. The data included for the study concerns the fiscal year 2002 and 2003. The study finds that that there is no statistically significant correlation relationship between chief executive officer compensation and company net income.
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations Introduction
Review of the Literature
Methodology
Findings
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper "The chief executive officer in an organization can broadly define the individual who "plans and directs all aspects of an organization's policies, objectives, and initiatives" ("Chief Executive Officer"). When these individuals take control of the helms of large corporations, their reputations, and salaries often mirror those of highly successful professional athletes or Hollywood movie stars. With millions (and sometimes billions) of corporate dollars at stake, chief executive officers face massive pressure and unwavering scrutiny by shareholders, financial institutions, and the media. False steps, poor business decisions, scandal, and the no-fault peril of the American marketplace threaten the tenures of all chief executive officers, regardless of past performance. Current surveys of chief executive officers reflect that nearly 50 percent of all CEOs are removed from their current position within five years of accepting their positions ("No Walk in the Park"). Furthermore, the job is grueling, and there is little opportunity for vacation, personal, or family time ("No Walk in the Park")."
