From the Paper
"This research examines the airport noise abatement issue. Legislation approved by Congress in November 1990 requires a phaseout of noisy, older airplanes by 2000. In the intervening time period, progressively more strict noise level restrictions will become effective on a step.by.step basis. This research explains the current federal law on airport noise abatement, and considers the issue with respect to contentious points.

FEDERAL NOISE ABATEMENT LAW
The federal government defines serious noise levels associated with aircraft as those situations where the annual average exceeds 65 decibels. That noise level is somewhat louder than normal conversation (which is 60 decibels), and much quieter than the average household vacuum ... "

Abstract
In this article, the writer reviews 'Family Psychopathology' by L'Abate. The writer places the focus of the discussion on the varieties of family therapy. The writer looks at the theories of family psychotherapy and examines family structure. The different kinds of psychopathology therapies for high risk families are also discussed in the book and in this paper.

From the Paper
"Luciano L'Abate, the editor of 'Family Psychopathology' states in the introduction that his intent was to bring together a number of disparate articles addressing family psychopathology from a research theoretical preventive and therapeutic perspective. The text consists of six sections addressing the foundations or theories of family psychotherapy, the dimensions of family structure, the varieties of individual and family psychopathology therapies directed toward families at risk, in need or in crisis and a single contribution focused on the methodological ... "

Tags:psychopathology, family therapy

Abstract
Today, with every television news station, radio station, police department, traffic reporter, life-flight rescue and emergency units circling above, helicopter roter sounds have become an annoyance to the public. The paper shows that this has led to an increase in local restrictions and tighter certification standards, forcing manufacturers to seek new technology for sound abatement. The paper discusses the three noise categories and modern noise reduction technologies.

From the Paper
"Helicopter noise reduction has become so important to rotorcraft manufacturers that competition has ignited advertising campaign wars with each claiming one or more of their models to be the quietest in the industry (Kernstock 1999). he competition is so great in many cases that many helicopters are "within a tenth of a decibel of each other far below human hearing thresholds" (Kernstock 1999). This advent of low-noise technology has created two classifications of rotorcraft, the new quiet crafts that meet new regulations and the older noisy ones that continue to operate under grand-fathering clauses yet may be prevented from being introduced into new markets (Kernstock 1999). Moreover, as anti-noise regulations increase, the older grand-fathered craft could eventually become prohibited in many areas, causing serious consequences for many operators who cannot afford the newer models (Kernstock 1999)."

Tags:ICAO, FAA, AFCS, Eurocopter

Abstract
The paper looks at the role science played in creating the problem of air pollution in Los Angeles, the role science appears to be playing today in resolving the problem, and what its future role will be - or should be. As part of this investigation, time is devoted to looking at how members of the scientific community interacted with (and still interact with) members of the media, the legal community, and policy-makers. In so doing, what should become clear is that scientists have made amends for their role in creating LA's (and Southern California's) air smog problem by working vigorously to design technology that will cut down on noxious emissions while also improving the technology that detects particulates in the air we breathe. The paper shows how at least some members of the scientific community have things for which they must answer - but a growing body of research and achievements also indicates that scientists are moving things in the right direction on this important issue, though more work still needs to be done.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at the issue of pollution abatement within the Los Angeles area. Specifically, the paper will look at the role science played in creating the problem of air pollution in Los Angeles, the role science appears to be playing today in resolving the problem, and what its future role will be - or should be. As part of this investigation, time will be devoted to looking at how members of the scientific community interacted with (and still interact with) members of the media, the legal community, and policy-makers. In so doing, what..."

Tags:science, smog, california

Abstract
This essay is a study of the resources, the major players and forces, and, finally, the people of the Western Sahara region in an effort to understand what has been done to resolve the conflict brought about by the violence and greed of the area's leaders. The paper discusses possible ways to bring about a peace settlement which would allow the people whose lives remain in constant turmoil and conflict to finally make permanent homes and focus on their daily lives of subsistent living. The citizens of the region who are not in the military, not engaged in the conflict, but whose lives are subjected to decisions and actions of the primary forces and power elites, live in terror each day. They are the ones who suffer the losses, and their lives and losses seem to be of little relevance to the forces in conflict and control. An effort is made in this study to understand why the conflict continues, and which groups or individuals are benefitting from the continued unrest and aggression. This paper includes maps.

Outline:
Introduction
The Moroccan Position
The Algerian Position
The Polasario Position
Human Rights and Loss
The Economic Cost of Western Sahara
The Political Cost of Western Sahara
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There is a need to understand the positions of the forces at play here. First, it is necessary to gain a sense of the region. What is the landscape, and who occupies what section of that landscape? From where does their claim on the landscape arise from? It is only by analyzing the landscape and the positions of the players that an effort to make sense of what has gone on and continues to go on in Western Sahara can begin to make sense. Even if the sense that it brings to the understanding of the dynamics of the situation belie the true interests of the parties involved. The first is the Moroccan position."

Tags:natural resources, Algeria Polisario Morocco

Abstract
This paper explains that, to a child, divorce is a devastating life-changing event that can cause severe, long-term psychological complications, which are described in the paper. The paper then points out that children's emotional needs and feelings are often ignored during a divorce, which leads to unresolved issues that can affect them as they progress into adulthood. The paper underscores that, in order to deter the negative effects of divorce, children should have access to readily available treatment options to help them overcome any permanent psychological damage.

From the Paper
"In Utah, the state courts are offering a divorce education class to help children understand divorce and why it happens. These classes are being offered to children free of charge. The class is targeted towards children who have gone through a divorce or those who are in the midst of a divorce. During these classes, children are taught how to better communicate their feelings to their parents. This proves that there are ways that children can receive assistance; it's just a matter of putting the time and effort into building a program like this one."

Tags:epidemic victim depression, emotional isolation, correlation

Abstract
The paper describes the rich history of the Norfolk International Airport (NIA), which is located in Virginia close to the birthplace of aviation. The author points out that the Norfolk Airport Authority, which is a political subdivision of the Commonwealth of Virginia and is an independent autonomous agency of the City of Norfolk, operates NIA. The paper relates that, since NIA is a municipal agency, it does not provide any type of annual report to its investors and the public; however, it does publish an activity report that essentially gives the same information. The author illustrates the operations of the tower. The paper includes many charts and illustrations.

Table of Contents:
History and Development
Administration and Organizational Structure
Aviation statistics
Airside Facilities
Runway Data
Navigation Aids
Airport Services
Terminal Facilities
Retail Establishments/Banks
Ground Transportation
Parking Facilities
Airlines Serving the Airport
Hotels/Lodging
Other Aviation Businesses
Meeting Facilities
Fire Department
Police / Security Departments
Field Maintenance Facility
Air Cargo
Noise Abatement Program
Marketing Efforts
Federal Services
Control Tower
NIA's Future Development
Airfield
Baggage Claim
Parking
Air Cargo

From the Paper
"NIA's Police Department maintains an outstanding working relationship with its mutual aid partners. A liaison between the Cities of Norfolk and Virginia Beach Police Departments is well established and their assistance is called upon for specialized needs. On a state level, the bomb squad from the Bureau of Criminal Investigations of the Virginia State Police is the primary response for any related incident related to a possible explosive devise. Uniformed Virginia State Troopers, mandated by the Virginia State Code to investigate all aircraft-related incidents, are the primary response agency for the above-mentioned matters."

Tags:safety, terminal, milestones, walking, maintenance

Abstract
This paper explains that the Program for Economic Recovery introduced by Reagan during 1981 had four major goals such as abatement in the government expenditure, a decline in the marginal tax rates on capital and labor incomes, reduction in economic control and reduction in rate of inflation regulating the growth in the supply of money. The author points out that critics attacked Reaganomics on the grounds that this period witnessed the worst-ever recession since the Great Depression of the Thirties and the public debt increased about 2.85 times more in 1989 in comparison to 1981, the end of the Carter presidency. The paper states that Reaganomics could not lead sufficiently to an economic revolution because it did not make any basic changes in the discernment of the federal government; Reaganomics is considered to be only a temporary break in the progressive loss of emancipation.

From the Paper
"A sustained growth of the economy with enhanced growth and declining rate of inflation was advocated with its recovery from the stagflation and the maladies of US economy from 1973 to 1980 through these economic strategies. The enhancement in economic productivity and growth was even considered the highest. The per hour production in the business sector almost seem to be freeze during the period of Carter enhanced at the rate of 1.4 percent in the periods of Reagan. The productivity appeared to have increased at the rate of 3.8 percent per annum in the manufacturing sector which is considered to be a record during the time of peace. The Banks were permitted to advance credit in a broader set of assets with reduction in the scope of antitrust laws. The variations in the federal tax code were visualized to be considerable. The individual income tax rate had been declined from the then 70 percent to 28 percent. The same was the case with the corporate taxation rates which was declined from 48 percent to 34 percent. "

Tags:deregulation, emancipation, tax, reduction, liberalization

Abstract
This paper discusses a plan to reduce sexually transmitted diseases. It focuses on laying down a contrivance whose prime objective would be to abate the rate of STDs among the students at WIU and bring within them a better sense of awareness about STDs, its effects, and symptoms. It highlights some very integral statistics regarding the state of Illinois that should be consulted while conducting campaigns on STDs. It also emphasizes the various issues that have led to lack of information about STDs among people and the general stigma associated with these ailments.

From the Paper
"During recent times the topic of Sexually Transmitted Diseases or STDs has become one of great concern among adolescents and teenagers. After the first reported case of STD during the 1980s, there has been a colossal increase in the number of people being infected with these ailments. The prime reason for contracting STDs is due to morbidity. Multifarious circumstances augment the risk of incognizant infertility and sexually transmitted organisms are fraternized with epididymitis and Reiter's syndrome and are also a peril element for HIV infection. The prime factors associated with the catching of STDs include demographic characteristic, psychological functioning and sexual behavior."

Tags:aids, epididymitis, reiters, syndrome, contraception

Abstract
This paper provides a master plan for managing and operating Toronto's Lester B. Pearson international airport as a private business. The paper explains that growth gives rise to privatization. The financial objectives are explained with emphasis on the market promotion and acceptance among the labor pool, airlines and service providers.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Airport Operations - Past and Present
Problems
Business Foundation and Mission for Growth Expectations
Terminal Development
Airside Development
Infield-Cargo Development
South Development
Utilities and Airport Support
Managements Focus for the Future
Marketing Edge ? To Operate a Business
Benefits
Limitations ? Operational Capacity and Demand
Noise Abatement
Growth Gives Rise to Privatization
The Facilitators of Change
Streamlining the Process of Changeover
The Financial Objectives
Paying for the Metamorphosis
Raising Capital
Market Promotion and Acceptance
Target Market - Concessionaires
The Benefactors - Good Business Breeds More Business
Airlines and Other Service Providers
Labor and Workforce Efficiency
Conclusion
Toronto VFR Terminal Area Chart & Navigational Aids

From the Paper
"Construction of three new runways is at the heart of expansion. A parallel runway to the existing north/south runway (15R-33L) completed in October 1997 now bounds the south perimeter of the Infield Cargo Area (ICA). In addition to the new runways, the project includes the extension of the existing runway 06L-24R. Overall PANCAP should increase by as much as 30%. Realignment of existing taxiways and the creation of two new taxiways adjacent to the terminal apron area will allow for more efficient aircraft movement between the apron area and the runways. A new Central Deicing Facility (CDF) recently constructed will enhance capacity during inclement weather and reduce environmental impact utilizing its own liquid recycle and treatment plant. The facility will minimize the release of glycol to the environment, by utilizing a comprehensive collection system with a total storage capacity of over 2,400,000 liters for glycol-contaminated fluids. The CDF has capacity for twelve aircraft utilizing six pads and incorporates state of the art technology with each pad having capacity for one wide-body or two narrow-body aircraft. A Deicing Operations Building (Icehouse) provides centralized communications, with a CDF Operations tower and support facilities housing equipment and personnel."

Tags:GTAA, SCADA