Abstract This work analyzes the term professionalism and describes the struggle Nursing faces in try to be defined as a profession. It presents a history of Nursing from the days of Florence Nightingale and details the changes that have occurred in the field in modern day which justifies its fight for recognition.
From the paper:
"Stopper 98) Ever since the publication of Florence Nightingale's classic nursing textbook, Notes on Nursing in 1859, nursing has been preoccupied with its image and status, not only within the health care environment, but also within society at large. This long journey through the slow process of professionalization is not quite over, and the recent increase in the level of debate could not have been better timed, coming as it does at a time when nursing faces the important challenges involved in adjusting to the emerging new order of health care delivery. "
Abstract This paper discusses the roles of women in Ancient Greece, highlighting their separate and inferior status in a male-oriented society. It outlines womens' roles in the home, their political and social rights, and their status as sexual beings. Mens' social standing as a reflection of their marital status is raised.
From the Paper "The women of Ancient Greece lived through a period of critical oppression, which would last several centuries. They were completely inferior and separated from a male society. Women were confined to the homes and restricted against free movement in the streets. Their duties were to bear children and attend to household affairs."
Abstract This essay examines the ideological roles of women in society. Clarissa Dalloway's unhappiness in marriage reflects defiance in the social ideal. Clarissa's marriage to Richard Dalloway is an action, which supposedly, should make her feel complete. Instead, marriage contributes to her sense of non-being. Clarissa's internal and external state of being is analysed in the first section of the essay. This section looks at Woolf's narrative technique. Woolf uses juxtaposition of male, female; internal, external thought to highlight Clarissa's inability to act upon desire. The second topic of analysis in the essay is Clarissa's loss of identity. Clarissa becomes "Mrs.Dalloway" and defines herself by her new title. She plays the role that is expected in her social group. Though she works hard to maintain the perfect image she is not truly happy with her life. The third part of the essay examines Clarissa's interest in alternative lifestyles as a result of her unhappiness. Clarissa dreams about achieving goals that are unheard of for women of the time. She thinks about alternative relationships with both men and women. Though to weak to act upon such thoughts, Clarissa expresses defiance through her desire. Clarissa's internal resistance is intimately connected to the ideology of her social system.
From the Paper "In Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, the actions, thoughts and experiences of Clarissa Dalloway reflect the pressures on women to play ideological roles in society. Clarissa is an upper class mother, wife and hostess, whose thoughts and desires challenge her domestic role. She is not happy, yet she chooses to maintain the illusion of happiness in her life as a means of survival in a society that shuns independent women. Woolf's narrative serves to deconstruct the politics of gender and masculine privilege through Clarissa's internal discontent. Clarissa Dalloway is externally controlled by the dominant systems of belief in her high-class society. Clarissa's internal resistance to social order is apparent in her state of division, loss of identity, and interest in alternative lifestyles. Through the social interactions and thoughts of Clarissa Dalloway, the ideological and the internal are intimately connected."
Abstract This paper examines the history of women's roles and rights throughout China's history, and the philosophical underpinnings of these roles in Confucianism and traditional Chinese belief. The author examines the changes in women's lives since the Chinese Revolution.
From the Paper "Today, Chinese women have entered society, without necessarily walking out of the family, and so they are given more than one role in life. China is both an old country and a new country, and its expectations of women reflect that duality. For nearly 3,000 years, China was a feudal society. A new China emerged only after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, in 1949. And the country's modernization has continued in the last 15 years with the institution of economic reform and a policy of interaction with the outside world. In traditional China, marriage was the defining event of a female's life, shifting her space, affiliation and responsibility from her parents' family to her husband's. There is a common saying in China: "men tend the outside and women the inside" (nan zhu wai n? zhu nei). A woman's social role was confined to the family. Her major obligation was caring for her husband, in-laws and children."
Abstract A look at the changes in families such as divorce and one-parent families and how these may impact children's development. The author looks at the effects of such changes on the normal functioning and emotional development of the child.
From the Paper "The American family is in a state of crisis and change. The traditional image of the father, who is the sole bread-winner and the mother, who stays home to raise the children and run the house, has been shattered by drastic changes in family structure over the past generation. Today, 50 percent of marriages end in divorce. Two-thirds of mothers with school age children work outside the home. And 70 percent of all children spend part of their childhood in a single parent home. Some changes, like greater equality in the home and in the workplace, are welcome. Yet, many of the changes add new stresses to family life threaten healthy child development. (Melvin, 1997)."
Abstract This paper analyzes and examines the issue of women and dieting. In Part II it discusses how women have come to perceive themselves as sex objects. Part III examines the various eating disorders and diets women follow to attain this perfect body image. Part IV outlines ways in which women are now finally coming to terms with reality and the fact that women do not and cannot all be carbon copies of what they see in magazines, movies, newspapers, and television.
From the Paper "The idealized female body as seen in the media is tall, toned, and thin. Women who are thin are seen as "in control" and exude power and self-confidence whereas overweight women are seen as lazy and lacking self-discipline. What most individuals overlook is the fact that advertising and media use many different techniques to create perfect images of female beauty. For example, we do not see the body doubles and computer retouching used to manipulate images. In reality, most women portrayed as sex objects in the media do not look that way in everyday, normal life."
Abstract The Progressive Era saw the beginning of women wanting more from their lives. This paper discusses the development of women's roles in society throughout history. It details how women began to develop careers and campaign for their right to vote. It tells of the hardships that American women had to face when taking on "male" professions such as: doctors, lawyers and managers.
From the Paper "Events during the Progressive Era altered the role of women in the United States. In the late nineteenth century women began to emerge into society with a strong voice. They began to enter into professional careers and launched a campaign for women's suffrage. American women often found themselves excluded from most of the emerging professions in the late nineteenth century by custom, law, and by prejudice. However, there was a noticeable number of middle - class women from new women's colleges and coeducational state universities that began to enter into the professional world. Very few women were able to establish themselves as physicians, lawyers, and corporate managers. Most women turned to professions that society deemed "suitable" for women. These were careers such as teaching and nursing. These careers were known as "helping professions". It was this characteristic that made women's professions distinctive from male dominated professions and it was these so-called women's professions that altered the pay scale for men and women also. "
Tags: rights, suffrage, women, movement, professions, Progressive, Era
Abstract This paper begins by defining the term "dating violence" followed by the scope of problems associated with the issue. Furthermore, the paper discusses the risk factors involved in dating violence as well as the early warning signs. The paper further highlights the characteristics of both the victims and the perpetrators and what can be done about the issue. The paper then discusses the myths and realities associated to dating violence, backed by statistics and the recent findings by some of the best experts in the related field the research paper.
Table of Contents
Definition of Dating Violence
Genres of Dating Violence
Dating Violence: Indicators
Conclusion
From the Paper "Violence has many forms and every form is formidable. Heated debate and ongoing extensive research shows the alarmingly increasing rate of dating violence all over the world. In order to well comprehend the issue, it is essential to know the definition as well as the significant information regarding the subject.
"Dating violence has been defined in the following manner:
1) Dating violence can be defined as an error, a threat or a crime committed by one person of an unmarried couple on the other person according to the laws/statements related to dating relationship. Such violence includes any type of sexual abuse, physical violence, verbal or demonstrative abuse. (Sugarman)."
From the Paper "A family is a complex natural social system complete with its own properties and processes. As in any system no part stands alone and no process operates without influencing, to a greater or lesser degree, every other process and every component of the system. Social Work assessments and interventions cannot, therefore, be based on the consideration of any individual or process in isolation. A review of four components of family systems--patterns of interaction, boundaries, rules, and homeostasis--demonstrates how these variables influence each other and how an understanding of these systemic interrelationships is crucial to those conducting Social Work assessments and designing interventions.
Family systems evolve rules, roles, and power structures as well as the various forms of communication, conflict resolution.."
Discusses the legal and social restrictions, historical overview, statistics, impact of integration on interracial marriage, socioeconomics, gender alignments and children of these relationships.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, 1999, $ 63.95
Abstract "Interracial marriage between Black and White Americans does not make up a very large percentage of the total number of marriages in the United States. But the impact of the these marriages on society--as well as on the participants and, especially, their children--is much greater than numbers might suggest.
From the Paper "Interracial marriage between Black and White Americans does not make up a very large percentage of the total number of marriages in the United States. But the impact of the these marriages on society--as well as on the participants and, especially, their children--is much greater than numbers might suggest. The level of racism in America--which is largely responsible for the small number of Black-White marriages in the first place--has declined considerably in recent decades. But racism persists at outrageous levels and the children of interracial marriages will suffer from it no less than the children of African-American families. A discussion of the effects of interracial marriage on children will follow a brief description of the state of interracial marriage in America; including a summary of forces that worked against it in the past,..."
Aristophanes is a utopian comedy in which women withhold sex from their husbands in order to control their behavior. It covers issues of women's rights, man-woman relations and sex.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, 1989, $ 39.95
From the Paper "Aristophanes wrote the Utopian comedy "Lysistrata" in 411 B.C. and the play deals with a humorous, yet serious theme. The time of the play is the fifth century B.C. in Athens, at the time of the Second Peloponnesian War, and Lysistrata is an Athenian woman who is fed up with the men always gone and fighting with each other. She proposed a radical scheme: that the women refuse to have sex with their husbands until they stop their violent foolishness:
"We can force our husbands to negotiate Peace, Ladies, by exercising steadfast Self-Control-- By Total Abstinence . . ." (360). This is of course a hard idea for all of the women to adopt, and through the course of the play there are numerous examples of the women finding excuses to go against their own plan. By simulating pregnancy, claiming fear of snakes and owls..."
Abstract This paper discusses the writer, Virginia Woolf and outlines her strong feminist views which were derived from her perception of the very real discrimination experienced by women throughout Victorian society. The paper presents the writer as one who was much concerned with the general plight of women in literature in her era. Illustrated in this paper is the central theme of relationships between women as is evident throughout her fiction, specifically mother-daughter relationships.
From the Paper "Virginia Woolf is noted for her novels, which feature a new type of literary style based on psychology and deem "stream-of-consciousness," but she is also known for her criticism and essays on literary subjects. The act of writing was an important human action for her, and she explored the meaning of this communicative process especially in terms of gender, in terms of the expression of women writers and the problems they encountered in finding their fictional voice. Woolf commented on the oppression and repression of women writers in her time and in so doing says much about the relations between men and women in society and specifically about the need for women to achieve freedom so they feel they can express themselves through writing in the same way men do."
Abstract This paper studies the topic of abortion. The paper begins with some basic statistics on abortions throughout the world and defines an abortion as the termination of pregnancy at any time before birth and which results in, or is accompanied by, the death of the fetus. The paper then offers an explanation of the different methods of aborting a fetus, which include vacuum aspiration, dilatation and curettage. The paper explores the reasons why some women seek to abort their pregnancies and looks at the issue within American society.
Contents:
Introduction
Abortion
Methods of Abortion
Why Women Seek Abortion
Legalization of Abortion in the USA
The Social and Ethical Issues of Abortion
From the Paper "Abortion has been practiced since ancient times as a crude method of birth control. Many religions banned or condemned it, but it was not considered illegal until the 19th century. At that time, especially in 1803 in England, abortion was banned after the fetal movement, or quickening, could be felt by the mother. It was, hence, likewise banned in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, as well as in many states in the United States."
Abstract Because of its pervasiveness, mass media such as magazines and television programs are increasingly in a position to influence the behavior and attitudes of teenage girls. In fact, television programs such as ER and sports-oriented teen magazines have been lauded for providing girls with positive role models. Unfortunately, these programs and magazines remain the exception rather than the rule. Rather than promote healthy lifestyles or give positive role models, much of the media targeted to teens are both physically and psychologically harmful. This paper examines two of these main effects ? the promotion of unhealthy habits and lifestyles and the growing tendency of these media forms to sexualize teens and turn them into consumers.
From the Paper "This need to conform to unrealistic body standards infects girls at a progressively earlier age. A recent study of 12,000 children between the ages of 9 and 14 show that media's influence on girls' dieting and weight concerns equaled the influence exerted by parents and peers ("Weight concerns in preteens and young teens influenced by media..."). This represents a change from just a decade ago, when parents and peers were the biggest socialization factors in an adolescent's life."
Abstract Steinbeck's short story "The Chrysanthemums" can be read as a feminist diatribe against women's commonly misplaced self-worth. The paper discusses critics who hold this view, and how it comes through in the story itself. Feminist interpretations of Steinbeck rely on a dualism that puts woman away from the labor of the land, but closer to the purity of art and society. This is an artifact of the era in which Steinbeck wrote, but also provides the inner conflict for the character of Elisa in the short story.
