Abstract "The purpose of this research is to examine the following statement: "The fact that they could file legal suits against men, administer valuable family properties, run small businesses, and become major literary figures, indicates that women in colonial Latin America had as significant economic, social, and political roles as men."
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine the following statement: "The fact that they could file legal suits against men, administer valuable family properties, run small businesses, and become major literary figures, indicates that women in colonial Latin America had as significant economic, social, and political roles as men." The plan of the research will be to set forth a comparison of women's and men's roles in Spain's New World colonies during Spain's most significant imperial period, with reference to two books that discuss the behavior of women who resided in the colony of Peru.
In the aftermath of the so-called conquest of Peru, which achieved importance in the Spanish colonial sphere of the New World largely because of its rich precious-mineral deposits, there appears to have been an intent to structure a society that would ..."
An overview of changes in the women's role in society and media and a gender analysis of this magazine aimed at young women in both content and advertising.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, 1999, $ 95.95
Abstract A gender analysis of the magazine Self shows that it is directed largely at young women both in terms of content and advertising. The magazine is a monthly publication dedicated to questions of health, fitness, and lifestyle, and it is apparent that the magazine would be identified more as a women's publication than a man's based on the various issues addressed and the way these issues are treated.
From the Paper "INTRODUCTION
A gender analysis of the magazine Self shows that it is directed largely at young women both in terms of content and advertising. The magazine is a monthly publication dedicated to questions of health, fitness, and lifestyle, and it is apparent that the magazine would be identified more as a women's publication than a man's based on the various issues addressed and the way these issues are treated. In addition, while the advertising often shows a certain sexual appeal that might seem to be directed at men, most of the products make this doubtful and instead suggest that the young women in the ad are intended to evoke a degree of envy on the part of magazine readers so they would buy the product in an attempt to emulate the young women and in effect become them. This is in keeping with the tone of ..."
Abstract More people seem to agree with the ideas that women and men should have equal opportunities, and equal pay for equal work, than agree with some of the more radical ideas of the women's movement.
From the Paper "Gender Inequality
Introduction
More people seem to agree with the ideas that women and men should have equal opportunities, and equal pay for equal work, than agree with some of the more radical ideas of the women's movement. Still, it is difficult to determine what comprises equal opportunity, as is apparent from many of the controversies surrounding the implementation of Title IX in college sports. Is gender equality primarily about equal numbers? What does gender equality look like, or has it been accomplished in this country or elsewhere in the world?"
Gender Equality/Inequality
One of the first tasks is to define the concept of gender
Abstract Examines the founder's religious and ethical commitments, her concept of success and how she applied them to her cosmetics business
From the Paper "Mary Kay Ash was explicit about the values which guide her life and her business. She considered a belief in God to be the foundation of all life activities, including business activities, and she believed that her business helped other women to be better people. In this essay, the intent is to examine her religious and ethical commitments and examine how she applied them to her business.
Religious and Ethical Commitments
Mary Kay Cosmetics, as the name indicates, is a company similar to Avon in that it relies on door to door sales of beauty products to women in their homes. The women who are employed by ..."
Examines their roles in the 17th Century, comparing their status in the middle/southern and New England colonies. Discusses Puritanism, family and gender relations, economic and legal issues.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, 1999, $ 47.95
Abstract This paper is an examination of the roles of women in Colonial America during the 17th century, comparing the social position of women in the middle and southern colonies with that of the women of the New England colonies. Women outside of New England during this period were a much more diverse group, and their experiences were influenced by the religious and cultural forces that brought them to the New World, by the local economy and social structures that were being created in their new environment, and by their ability to influence their new surroundings and establish new patterns within them.
From the Paper "This paper is an examination of the roles of women in Colonial America during the 17th century, comparing the social position of women in the middle and southern colonies with that of the women of the New England colonies. Women outside of New England during this period were a much more diverse group, and their experiences were influenced by the religious and cultural forces that brought them to the New World, by the local economy and social structures that were being created in their new environment, and by their ability to influence their new surroundings and establish new patterns within them. Most of the social gains that women in these circumstances were able to achieve were driven by economic forces, and many of the obstacles they faced were, ultimately, also rooted in the control of money and property."
Examines religious, social and political sources of gender bias; effects on women in marriage, work and economics; feminism and the possibility of reform.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, 1999, $ 47.95
From the Paper "Women in Iran have unequal status with men. This status is supported by the Koran, the sacred book of Islam. Conservative clerics, who dictate the laws of Iran, vehemently oppose any struggle for women's rights. The political regime has grown even more repressive since the overthrow of the Shah in 1979.
The Shah of Iran was ousted from power by a wave of Islam fundamentalism in which women participated. Women are allowed to vote in Iran and are adept at political protest. Subsequently, they marched in mass demonstrations against the Shah. During these marches, Iranian women wore their veils proudly to demonstrate support for traditional values: "It may be that the veil was seen by women as a symbol of solidarity which was to be discarded or worn at will after the fall of the Shah" (Lindsey 151). The Ayatollah Khomeini welcomed the support of the women ..."
From the Paper " Sexuality in advertising serves several purposes. The prevalent view is that sex itself is appealing, so it gets people to pay attention to the advertising message surrounding it. There is also a shock value that has become more and more important to some advertisers for the same reason--to get the attention of the consumer. American advertisers know that sex sells products and they use sex in ways both overt and subtle, depending on the product and the campaign.
Much of our culture is based on physical attractiveness and its power to persuade, to attract, to influence, and, in a real sense, to succeed. Sex is used in advertising as an expression of physical attractiveness. Our advertising media clearly believe in the power of physical attractiveness to persuade, and spokespersons for products and other people used in television..."
A legal analysis of harrassment as sex discrimination with definition, examples, evolving Court decisions, hostile environment, employer positions and same-sex issues.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, 2000, $ 47.95
Abstract A legal analysis of harrassment as sex discrimination.
From the Paper "Sexual harassment and sexual discrimination in the workplace has always been a problem and has always been of great Importance, but the public's awareness of the issue has not always been high. This changed radically with the Clarence Thomas confirmation hearings in 1991 and with the accusations of sexual harassment leveled against him by Anita Hill. This event more than any other raised sexual harassment to a high position in the public consciousness and made it clear that such activities were degrading to women, harmful to the work environment, and detrimental to public policy. The fact that this problem had been underground for so long also showed that more knowledge of the subject was needed and perhaps that legislation was required to assure a harassment-free workplace in the future."
Abstract As more women enter the workforce, the question of whether or not to breast feed becomes a decision of great importance. This paper will examine studies dealing with the effect of breast feeding on infant nutrition and development, as compared to the effect of bottle feeding
From the Paper "Part I Introduction
As more women enter the workforce, the question of whether or not to breast feed becomes a decision of great importance. This paper will examine studies dealing with the effect of breast feeding on infant nutrition and development, as compared to the effect of bottle feeding. Breast feeding has gone in and out of style throughout the years, but as research continues, its use has been proven to be overall physically and cognitively beneficial, and its positive effect on health cannot be ignored.
Breast feeding begins in a hospital setting. Up until 75 years ago all infants had to be breast fed. Rosenblith (1992) points out that breast feeding "requires frequent interactions; a baby nursed on demand will nurse every two to three hours. . . among upper classes in..."
An examination of the causes, types and effects on women and& men. In cludes research, management, examples, theories, responsibilities, child and family issues, sexual harassment and more.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 17 sources, 2000, $ 135.95
Abstract Discrimination against women in the workplace is exhibited in a variety of ways, ranging from the sexual harassment to the exclusion of women from "the old boys' club" where major decisions are made. Thus, in spite of the massive entry of women in the workplace and the increasing numbers of women in mid-level managerial positions, top-level positions remain as elusive to women today as they were more than a decade ago. Working in a world dominated by male decision-makers and their established practices, women encounter a variety of barriers impeding their surge to the top of their careers
From the Paper " Discrimination against women in the workplace is exhibited in a variety of ways, ranging from the sexual harassment to the exclusion of women from "the old boys' club" where major decisions are made. Thus, in spite of the massive entry of women in the workplace and the increasing numbers of women in mid-level managerial positions, top-level positions remain as elusive to women today as they were more than a decade ago. Working in a world dominated by male decision-makers and their established practices, women encounter a variety of barriers impeding their surge to the top of their careers. Few women have managed to shatter the "glass ceiling"-the concept used to describe the barriers blocking women from top-level positions. The effects of the discrimination on women are manifested in the erosion of their identity and the desexualization of successful..."
From the Paper "Intermarriage is one sign of the assimilation of a foreign population in their new country. Such marriages, however, often encounter numerous difficulties, from discrimination to cultural tensions between the husband and wife. Racial intermarriage involves the added difficulty of different racial backgrounds, which also create instances of discrimination and problems fitting into the community. The marriages of Japanese women and American men constitute one such intermarried population facing particular problems and issues.
When the Japanese started arriving in the United States in the 1890s, anger about the Chinese was simply transferred to the newcomers, and the focus of hostility and agitation against the Japanese was in California, as had been the case with hostility toward the Chinese. This was also where most of the continental Japan..."
Abstract The essay deals with the different roles of women in early medieval Europe and how they were affected by the spread of Christianity. Wives and the effect of new, Christianity inspired, marriage laws are discussed as well as the changing status of unmarried women, widows and female serfs. Female missionaries, nuns and saints all boosted the status of women. The role of Queens before and after the adoption of christianity is covered, dealing with the positive and negative changes that took place. The essay concludes that overall christianity had a positive effect on the role and status of women.500-1000A.D.
From the Paper "The role and status of women in Western Europe between ca.500 and ca.1000 did change due to Christianity. However whether the female role and status in society was diminished or improved depends on a number of factors. Primarily, the type of woman in question must be taken into consideration. Queens, for example, were affected in a different way to female serfs. Secondly, we must also look at the role and status of women before the emergence of Christianity to make a valid judgement of change after ca.500. Thirdly, to a certain extent, the origin of the woman is a factor; Christianity affected different parts of Europe in a manner of different ways."
Research into the woman's role in the development of the contemporary male-dominated society, focusing on one of America's feminist activists, Gloria Steinem.
Abstract This paper studies the role of women in the development of the contemporary male-dominated society by taking into consideration the relentless efforts of America's one of the top eleven prominent female figures, Gloria Steinem. Furthermore, the paper revolves around Steinem's various facets of headstrong personality, outlining her accomplishments, her positive attitude towards life in general, her ability to take up women issues strongly and her valor to raise her voice against injustices and gender bias related to women.
From the Paper "Gone are the days when there was little evidence to suggest that female awakening to gender discrimination and fundamental issues exists. Today, women are not only opinionated and self-reliant, they are also well aware of what they want and how to accomplish their goals and receive the share due them. Women of the contemporary society are working diligently and with absolute commitment to prove their worth as human beings with rational thinking and sound decision-making skills."
Tags: female, male, society, gender, bias, sexism, equality, rights
Abstract The paper examines Hannah Webster Foster's "The Coquette" written at the end of the 18th century. It discusses how the main character Eliza Wharton, is actually based on Elizabeth Whitman who Foster knew, who was involved in a scandal at the time with an evangelical minister. The topic of the story together with the seduction, betrayal and death in childbirth of Elizabeth Whitman, made Foster the first woman born in America to publish a novel. It looks at how the work is as revolutionary in its own way as much of what men were writing in the late 18th century, but her words were of less effect and soon forgotten because they concerned the inalienable rights of women, not men at a time in which women themselves believed in their own right to liberty or the pursuit of happiness.
From the Paper "Certainly in its own time the novel was popular in large measure because of the real people whom its readers believed to lie behind the characters. But it must also have been at least to some extent popular then (as it is still appealing to us today) because it allows us a compassionate view of the ways in which women were constrained by their society. The Coquette is a story of powerlessness of women, certainly, but it is more importantly about how women can refuse to accept such powerlessness as their due. Foster's own refusal to accept the social role designated for her as a minister's wife cam in the brief period between 1797 to 1799 when she wrote her two novels. After this, she would devote herself to raising her six children and helping her husband."
Tags: seduction, scandal, priest, betrayal, death, childbirth, women, society
Abstract Examining this controversial piece of writing which was published at the end of the 19th century. The piece is written by a middle class woman about her experience in marriage, during birth and the emotional struggles thereafter. The paper shows how it was a step towards declaring one's independence and feminism and how this was shunned by many. This paper looks at the public's reactions to "The Yellow Wallpaper" and their criticism thereof.
From the Paper "Charlotte Perkins Gilman's short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, published toward the end of the 19th century, left its initial audience's opinion divided. Some praised the work, while others felt that it should never have been printed. In fact, the publisher of The Atlantic Monthly in 1892, Horace Scudder, responded to Gilman's attempt at publication with a short, to the point note. "Dear Madam, Mr. Howells has handed me this story. I could not forgive myself if I made others as miserable as I have made myself! Sincerely yours, H. E. Scudder" (University of Texas)."
