The Rise of Communism in China 1949

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses how on the 1st October 1949, Mao Tse-tung proclaimed the establishment of the "People's Republic of China". The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) acknowledged its takeover of China as a "people's victory" over the Kuomintang (KMT) - Nationalist Party - and the country's liberation from imperial control. It looks at how the failure of the Chinese Republic after 1916 to replace Manchu autocracy with an effective central government, created confusion and disorder, and it allowed local powerful individuals to take control. It also shows how the revolution of 1949, was the inevitable outcome of essential reforms, which had been postponed since 1911.

From the Paper:

"Ironically, the CCP came far closer to fulfilling the 3 Principles of the People than had the Nationalists. They had united a large part of the nation in resistance to the Japanese. In their "liberated areas", had created political structures which, though rudimentary for western standards, provided for the first time effective administration in the countryside. Moreover, the local population had been encouraged through their peasant associations and cooperatives to participate in the organisation of their own affairs. After 1945, the Kuomintang's great political weakness was that they had had ten years of government in which to prove the validity of their claims, however, that decade had been distinguished by administrative inefficiency and self seeking. "

Sample of Sources Used:

• Wylie Raymond F. Emergence of Maoism: Mao-Tse-Tung and the Search for Chinese Theory, 1935-1945. Stanford Univ Press, October 1980.
• Tse Tung Mao. Mao's Road to Power: Revolutionary Writings 1912-1949. M.E. Sharpe, October 1992.
• Schwartz Benjamin I. Chinese Communism and the Rise of Mao. Harvard University Press, January 1980.
• Bianco Lucien. Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-1949. Stanford University Press, September 1973.

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