The Glass Ceiling: Women in the Military

Paper Summary:

This paper examines the view that in many sectors of society there has been inadequate representation and opportunity for women. It specifically focuses on the situation of women in the military - which is still seen as a primarily male-dominated institution. The paper discusses the concept of the "glass ceiling" and the way that women in various military organizations are still not allowed to explore their full potential in leadership opportunities.

Table of Contents:
Overview: Gender Discrimination
The Glass Ceiling
Discrimination
Discrimination in the Military
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"In essence, the main constituent of the glass ceiling in the military context is described as a "female-hostile" culture within the military. (Newman. 1999) There are many examples of this that can be given. For instance, the 1991 Navy Tailhook sexual abuse affair in which 140 officers were implicated and the reported rape, assault and harassment of more than 50 women at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland . (Newman. 1999) This has led some researchers to state that, "Male violence against women in the military is not incidental, it is chronic." (Newman. 1999)"

Sample of Sources Used:

• Chaffins, S., Forbes, M., Fuqua, H. E., & Cangemi, J. P. (1995). The Glass Ceiling: Are Women Where They Should Be. Education, 115(3), 380+. Retrieved August 26, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001648455
• Glass Ceiling. (2004) Retrieved August 25, 2008, from http://www.iccr.org/shareholder/proxy_book04/SCANNED%20RESOS/GLASSCEIL_BEDBATH.HTM
• Glass Ceiling: definition. Retrieved August 25, 2008, from http://careerplanning.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-glassceiling.htm
• Lockwood, Nancy. ( 2004) The glass ceiling: domestic and international perspectives. HRMagazine; 6/1/2004. Retrieved August 25, 2008, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_6_49/ai_n6099202
• Madden, Russell. ( 2000) SHATTERING THE GLASS CEILING. Retrieved August 25, 2008, from http://home.earthlink.net/~rdmadden/webdocs/Shattering_the_Glass_Ceili.html

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