The Four Central Nursing Concepts

Paper Summary:

The paper presents an overview of the central concepts of nursing by numerous nursing theorists. The paper focuses on the theories of Orem, Watson and Parse. The paper points out that a single nursing theorist is usually insufficient for addressing complex patient needs and diverse situations.

From the Paper:

"Nursing theorists provide the entire foundation of nursing knowledge, and their theoretical frameworks offer an approach and guide to nursing. Every nursing theorist uses four metaparadigm concepts or common themes of nursing: person, health, environment, and nursing. All nursing theories reflect the metaparadigm concepts of nursing as well as a holistic view. Along with skills, nurses use these paradigmatic concepts to gain a holistic perspective which focuses on nursing as a discipline and science rather than on other disciplines such as biomedicine (Arslanian-Engoren & Hicks, 2005)."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Arslanian-Engoren, C. & Hicks, F. (2005). An ontological view of advanced practice nursing. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 19(4), 315-323.
• Jonas-Simpson, C. & Mitchell, G. (2006). The experience of being listened to. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 32(1), 46-54.
• Kelleher, S. (2006). Providing patient-centered care in an intensive care unit. Nursing Standard, 21(13), 35-41.
• Miller, L. & Cox, K. (2005). Case management for patients with heart failure. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 31 (5), 20-29.
• Young, W. (1987). Introduction to nursing concepts. Los Altos, CA: Appleton.

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