Phonological Awareness

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses the effects on children's developmental progress when they are given systematic explicit instruction in phonemic awareness. It discusses the ways in which phonological awareness and phonemic awareness, including how to teach and assess them, has made an extremely valuable contribution to understanding how to teach reading to all children, including children with learning disabilities or delays in early reading.

From the Paper:

"Other findings reveal that opportunities to play with language result in the development of phonemic awareness (Wasik 2001). In one 1987 study, young children who were knowledgeable about nursery rhymes and who had opportunities to manipulate sound in language also had well-developed phonemic awareness (Wasik 2001). Nursery rhymes are a natural way to expose children to words that sound the same, and research suggests that by learning rhymes, poems, and jingles, children develop awareness of sounds in words (Wasik 2001). Therefore, natural play with language can encourage children to attend to the sounds that words make (Wasik 2001). Research demonstrates that teaching phonemic awareness to 1st and 2nd graders who have had difficulty reading resulted in significant improvements in their ability to read and spell words, thus it is important for adult to create opportunities for children to learn phonemic awareness (Wasik 2001)."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Chard, David J.; Dickson, Shirley V. (1999 May 01). Phonological Awareness: Instructional and Assessment Guidelines. Intervention in School & Clinic. Retrieved March 29 2006 from HighBeam Research Library Web site.
• Justice, Laura M. (2003 November 01). Enhancing phonological awareness, print awareness, and oral language skills in preschool children. Intervention in School & Clinic. Retrieved March 29 2006 from HighBeam Research Library Web site.
• Wasik, Barbara A. (2001 March 22). Phonemic Awareness and Young Children. Childhood Education. Retrieved March 29 2006 from HighBeam Research Library Web site.

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