Meningitis in Sudan

Paper Summary:

This paper examines how meningitis presents a dangerous healthcare problem for Africa and Sudan, in particular, and how the political instability compounded by the poor economic situation has contributed to the inefficient and insufficient handling of the crisis. The paper looks at how Sudan faces a huge health care problem every year in controlling the disease and in the management of an outbreak. It also contends that given the enormity of the problem, only a combined and coordinated effort of the government, NGO's, and the health care sector can facilitate better management of the epidemic.


Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Meningitis in Africa
Epidemiology
Government and NGO Action Plan
Prevailing Problems
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"Meningitis is an epidemic disease, which affects people all around the world. In the United States the disease has an incidence rate of around .01% of the population with roughly around 25,000 cases every year. Meningitis refers to the inflammation of the meningines, the membranes covering the spine and the brain, due to opportunistic bacterial or viral infections. In some rare instances meningitis is also manifest due to fungal and parasitic infections. In general, viral meningitis is more common and easily treated compared to bacterial meningitis, which is more rare and serious. As per the 200;lkkimm 2 WHO statistics, South East Asian countries were the worst affected with around 73,000 cases of reported death. [Wrongdiagnosis] In the African continent also meningitis continues to be a major disease, particularly in the region known as the meningitis belt extending from Gambia in the west to Sudan and Ethiopia in the east, with an estimated average infection of around 200,000 and a fatality rate exceeding 10% of the affected people. "

Sample of Sources Used:

• WHO, "Update on Meningococcal meningitis in Sudan - 30 March 2006", Accessed April 5th 2007, Available at, <http://www.emro.who.int/Sudan/media/pdf/Meningococcal%20meningitis%20in%20Sudan%2030%20March%20061.pdf>
• <http://www.who.int/csr/don/2006_03_21/en/index.html> UNCT, "The Meningitis Belt", Accessed April 7th, Available at, http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900LargeMaps/SKAR-64GESW?OpenDocument
• B Greenwood, "Meningitis in West Africa", Tropical Medicine and International Health, Volume 11 no 6 pp 773-780 June 2006 <http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01639.x?cookieSet=1>
• IRN, "Sudan HIV/ AIDS Swell Feared when Refugees Return-UNFPA", Accessed April 6th 2007, Available at, <http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/AllDocsByUNID/36b1063f60c7402fc1256f3100242459>
• Wrongdiagnosis, "Statistics About Meningitis", Accessed April 6th 2007, Available at, <http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/m/meningitis/stats.htm>

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