Juvenile Delinquency

Paper Summary:

This paper examines, through a literature review, how more recent programs and proponents of reform suggest that reforming juvenile programs and offering juveniles more access to rehabilitation programs may help reduce rates of recidivism and crime in large urban centers.

Outline:
Significance of Juvenile Programs and Recidivism
Overview of Juvenile Programs
Overview of Recidivism Rates Among Juveniles
Relationship Between Juvenile Programs and Recidivism
Family Interventions and Recidivism
Parent Child Interactions and Delinquency
Supervision and Delinquency

From the Paper:

"Studies suggest that violent juvenile crime is increasingly on the rise (Butterfield, 1996; Howard & Jenson, 1998). This suggests that youth crime is not only escalating but also becoming more violent (Howard & Jenson, 1998). In light of this many juvenile justice systems are now challenging the beliefs that have traditionally guided decision making policies and practices in the hopes to establish a better balance between "rehabilitating" and "punishing" juvenile offenders (Howard & Jenson, 324). In the past the juvenile justice system has focused more on punishing offenders for their actions, with increasing numbers of young adults transferred to adult facilities for punishment and lengthy incarcerations (Tolan & Guerra, 1994)."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Feld, B.C. (1999). Bad kids: Race and the transformation of the Juvenile Court. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Heimer, K. (1997). "Socioeconomic status, sub cultural definitions and violent delinquency." Social Forces, 75(3): 799.
• Hil, R. (1998). "The call to order: Families, responsibility and juvenile crime control." Journal of Australian Studies, 1: 101.
• Howard, M.O. & Jenson, J.M. (1998). "Youth crime, public policy and practice in the juvenile justice system: Recent trends and needed reforms." Social Work, 43(4): 324.
• Lipsey, M.W. (1992). "Juvenile delinquent treatment: A meta-analytic inquiry into the variability of effects." In, Meta Analysis for Explanation: A casebook., Cook, Thomas. D. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

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