Paper Summary:

The paper provides a definition of hypertension, and looks at its incidence, the effects of blood pressure on this disorder, its prevalence as well as its impact on the family. The paper addresses the need for the family to implement a stress-lowering plan for the affected member of the family and also outlines the available nursing interventions.

Outline:
Definition of Hypertension
Incidence
Outcome Criteria
Prevalence and Statistics
Impact on the Family
Adapting and Coping
Nursing Interventions

From the Paper:

"A major concern in caring for those individuals who suffer from hypertension or have experienced a hypertension crisis is observing and reporting any signs of hypotension, being "an abnormal condition in which the blood pressure is not adequate for normal perfusion and oxgenation of the body tissues" (Wright, JM, 2009, p 1472).
"In preparation for discharge from a hospital or clinic, the attending nurse must advise the affected person with hypertension how to recognize the symptoms of any dramatic increase or decrease in blood pressure, how to adhere to prescribed diets and medication and most importantly, how to avoid fatigue, heavy lifting, smoking and stressful situations within and outside the family unit (Wright, JM, 2009, p 1473).
"This type of nursing intervention, however, would only be necessary if the affected person had experienced a hypertension crisis, being a "sudden and severe increase in blood pressure to a level exceeding 200/120 mm Hg which occurs most frequently in untreated hypertension and in patients who have ceased taking their medication for various reasons. If such a person visits the hospital or a clinic, the attending nurse must be aware of the characteristics associated with this serious condition, such as severe headaches, vertigo, tinnitus (i.e., ringing in the ears), a narrowed pulse pressure, nausea and vomiting. If these symptoms are recognized, the nurse should immediately place the affected person on a cardiac monitor in bed with the head elevated and in a quiet environment (Chummun, H., 2009, p. 788)."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Appel, L.J. (2009). Another major role for dietary sodium reduction: Improving blood pressure control in patients with resistant hypertension. Hypertension, 54(3), 444-446.
• Baggish, A.L., Weiner, R.B., et al. (2009). Impact of family hypertension history on exercise-induced cardiac remodeling. American Journal of Cardiology, 104(1), 101-106.
• Chummun, H. (2009). Hypertension: A contemporary approach to nursing care. BritishJournal of Nursing, 18(13), 784-789.
• Forman, J.P., Stampfer, M.J., et al. (2008). Diet and lifestyle risk factors associated withincident hypertension in women. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302(4), 401-411.
• Humbert, M., Saggan, R., et al. (2009). Pulmonary hypertension. Seminars in Respiratoryand Critical Care Medicine, (4), 367-369.

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