Hazard Awareness

Paper Summary:

The paper reveals that community and state approaches to a major disaster have not been studied and lines of action have not been standardized. The paper discusses how communities must formulate practical budgets and take advantage of federal and state governments' incentives of technical assistance. The paper discusses how the first course of action for each community is to get the information of an impending danger to the members of the community. The paper emphasizes the importance of using the local media to its utmost, including radio and television spots. The paper also notes the importance of tailoring messages to the relevant audience.

From the Paper:

"Each community must make a budget for the contingency of disasters that usually strike their particular area. Cities should have a budget to use in creating disaster warnings. A community alarm system, such as a siren on a fire station, may already be in place, but warnings in the forms of signs, information hotlines, transportation assistance, mass care facilities, and security and property protection usually have not been budgeted for."

Sample of Sources Used:

• "Effective Disaster Warnings." (November 2000). Report by the Working Group on Natural Disaster Information Systems Subcommittee on Natural Disaster Reduction, National Science and Technology Council Committee on Environment and Natural Rresources. Retrieved November 18, 2006 at http://www.sdr.gov/NDIS_rev_Oct27.pdf.
• FEMA (2006) "Mapping Information Platform." Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved November 18, 2006 from FEMA website at https://hazards.fema.gov/femaportal/wps/portal/!ut/p/.cmd/cs/.ce/7_0_A/.s/7_0_CM9/_s.7_0_A/7_0_CM9.
• Mileti, Dennis S. (2004). Disasters By Design, Washington D.C.: Joseph Henry Press. pp. 152-154.
• OSHA (1999). "OSHA Software: Expert Systems." U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved November 18, 2006 from http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/hazexp.html.

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