Fine Tuning of the Universe

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses the origins of the universe using the theory of the inflationary model. It discusses the concept of the fine tuning of the universe and defines and explains the anthropic principle. It discusses how the anthropic principle does provide a useful explanation of the universe, despite the fact that it appears to be a weak concept initially.

From the Paper:

"So many strong coincidences on the universal level can hardly be explained by random chance. For example, it may be possible for a player to get a royal flush once, but when it happens repeatedly, it becomes clear that there are unaccounted factors, such as cheating. Similarly, to call the perfection of these various quantities coincidence is quite a stretch. It can only be convincingly explained as a tailoring towards life. On the more terrestrial level, it is the exact opposite; there is virtually no evident fine-tuning for life as far as we know. Together, these result in an overall moderate tailoring of the universe towards life. This fine-tuning logically leads to the weak anthropic principle, which offers an explanation for the basic, "first principles" of the universe, providing us with the answer to "why" instead of "how," purpose rather than method."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Fry, Iris. The Emergence of Life on Earth: A Historical and Scientific Overview. New Brunswick, New Jersey, and London. Rutgers University Press: 2000.
• Hetherington, Norriss. Cosmology: Historical, Literary, Philosophical, Religious, and Scientific Perspectives. New York and London. Garland Publishing, Inc.: 1993.
• Livio, Mario. The Accelerating Universe: Infinite Expansion, the Cosmological Constant, and the Beauty of the Cosmos. New York. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: 2000.

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