Crew Resource Management (CRM)

Paper Summary:

The paper focuses on situation awareness, communication skills, teamwork, task allocation and decision-making based upon a comprehensive knowledge of standard operating procedures upon which crew resource management (CRM) is based. The paper points out that, because of the human factor in flying, CRM training often includes error management too. The paper therefore shows how crew resource management implies a non-judgmental environment in the cockpit that eliminates clashes of ego that are based on power hierarchies.

From the Paper:

"Crew resource management reflects basic principles of human communications but applied directly within the unique cockpit environment. Cockpit mismanagement and conflict are major culprits in aviation accidents: "failures of interpersonal communications, decision making, and leadership" are responsible for most errors (Helmreich, Merritt, & Wilhelm 1999). Interpersonal strife, miscommunication, and errors in judgment are some of the areas crew resource management can address. A National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) workshop introduced the importance of crew resource management (CRM) in 1979 and since then CRM has helped avert a "significant" number of aviation accidents (American Psychological Association, 2004). The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA 2004) calls CRM an "integral part of training and operations.""

Sample of Sources Used:

• American Psychological Association. Making Air Travel Safer Through Crew Resource Management (CRM). Retrieved June 27, 2008 from http://www.psychologymatters.org/crm.html
• FAA (2004). Crew resource management training. Retrieved June 27, 2008 from http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgAdvisoryCircular.nsf/0/80038cf51aace53686256e24005cbb23/$FILE/AC120-51e.pdf
• Helmreich, R.L., Merritt, A.C. & Wilhelm, J.A. (1999). The evolution of crew resource management training in commercial aviation. International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 9(1), 19-32. Retrieved June 27, 2008 from http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/group/HelmreichLAB/Publications/pubfiles/Pub235.pdf
• Schultz, J. (2002). Hear What They're Saying: The Influence Of Culture On Cockpit Communication. Quest. 2002, Vol. 5, Issue 1. Retrieved June 27, 2008 from http://www.odu.edu/ao/instadv/quest/cockpitcommun.html

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