Bull and Bear Markets

Paper Summary:

The writer explains that, in simple terms, a bull market occurs when there is a steady upward trend in the stocks almost across the board and a bear market is declared when there is a steady decline in stock values that lasts longer than short term. The paper explores how these markets are determined throughout the stock market's history. The paper concludes that having an understanding of the bear and bull markets is an essential ingredient to entering the stock market with confidence.

Outline:
Introduction
The Problem
What to Buy in a Bull Market
What to buy in a Bear Market
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"When it comes to the stock market many Americans are confused about what it involves, how it works and what the different markets mean. Even those that invest their hard earned money into the stock market often turn to their broker for advice and leave it to that broker to handle it for them. Whether one is a serious investor, a hobbyist or planning on becoming a stock broker it is important to understand certain terms and elements about the market. One of the more interesting debates when it comes to the stock market is in deciding whether a bull or bear market has occurred. Analysts around the nation gather in front of historic records, examine current trends and with their most serious face pronounce a bull or bear market depending on how they have interpreted those elements."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Timmermann, Allan (2004) Duration dependence in stock prices: an analysis of bull and bear markets. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics
• Jobman, Darrell (2003) Raise your hands: bull or bear? If you have both hands up, you're right with the analyst crowd as they debate whether stocks are in a new bull market or just a bear market rally. Bottom line: be a trader, enjoying the ride but watching for vicious twists and turns.(Markets) Futures (Cedar Falls, Iowa)
• Bryant, William C (1984) Bull or bear - what's in a name. (stock market forecasts) (column) U.S. News & World Report
• Bryant, William (1985) Bull Market wins converts on Wall Street. U.S. News & World Report
• Gardner, Tom (1997) The turtle's game: reaping rewards from a market that's not so complicated.(Special Report: Gen X Financial Guide)(Brief Article) U.S. News & World Report

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